Concordat of Worms: Pope and Emperor End the Investiture Controversy
Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V signed the Concordat of Worms to resolve a decades-long struggle over who held the power to appoint bishops. This agreement forced emperors to surrender their right to invest clergy with religious symbols, effectively ending imperial control over church appointments and establishing papal authority across Europe.
September 23, 1122
904 years ago
Key Figures & Places
What Else Happened on September 23
Caligula elevated his late sister Drusilla to the status of a goddess, the first time a Roman woman received such an honor. By granting her divine rank, he asse…
proclamation d'Otton Ier du Saint-Empire comme roi des Lombards.
octavo y último día del fin del mundo ―producido por catástrofes como un eclipse de tres días de duración (?), vientos, tormentas, sequías, hambrunas, pestes, t…
The English ship Christofer carried three iron cannons and one hand gun into the harbor at Arnemuiden in 1338 — and changed naval warfare before anyone knew wha…
French forces decimated an English fleet off the coast of Arnemuiden, capturing five ships and seizing a massive cargo of wool. This clash introduced gunpowder …
Mongol forces crushed a Ming Chinese army at the Battle of Kherlen, securing their second major military triumph since the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty. This vi…
Talk to History
Have a conversation with historical figures who witnessed this era. Ask questions, explore perspectives, and bring history to life.