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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Historical Figure

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

d. 1791

Composer (1756–1791)

Enlightenment

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Biography

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a Classical composer and musician. In his brief life, he completed more than 800 works including outstanding examples of most of the genres of his time: symphonies, concertos, chamber music, opera, and choral music.

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In Their Own Words (5)

The golden mean, the truth, is no longer recognized or valued. To win applause one must write stuff so simple that a coachman might sing it, or so incomprehensible that it pleases simply because no sensible man can comprehend it.

in a letter to his father, 1782 , 1782

Stay with me to-night; you must see me die. I have long had the taste of death on my tongue, I smell death, and who will stand by my Constanze, if you do not stay?

Spoken on his deathbed to his sister-in-law, Sophie Weber (5 December 1791), from Mozart: The Man and the Artist, as Revealed in his own Words by Friedrich Kerst, trans. Henry Edward Krehbiel (1906) , 1906

"Sie wird das nothwendigste und härteste und die hauptsache in der Musique niemahlen bekommen, nämlich das tempo, weil sie sich vom jugend auf völlig befliessen hat, nicht auf den tact zu spiellen."

She will never learn the most necessary, most difficult and principal thing in music, that is time, because from childhood she has designedly cultivated the habit of ignoring the beat. , 1906

I write as a sow pisses.

Letter to his sister (Milan, 26 January 1770), from Contradictory Quotations, Longman Group Ltd., 1983. Rendered as "as the sows piss" in Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, trans. Hans Mersmann, Dover Publications, 1972 (originally 1928) , 1770

As I love Mannheim, Mannheim loves me.

Letter to Leopold Mozart, (Mannheim, 12 November 1778), from Mozart's Letters, Mozart's Life: Selected Letters, ed. Robert Spaethling [W.W. Norton, 2000, ], p. 193. , 1778

Timeline

The story of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, told in moments.

1763 Event

The Mozart family begins a grand tour of Europe. Wolfgang is seven. He performs for Louis XV at Versailles, George III in London, Maria Theresa in Vienna. His father advertises him as a prodigy, sometimes shaving a year off his age for effect.

1770 Life

Visits Rome during Holy Week and hears Allegri's Miserere in the Sistine Chapel. The Vatican forbids anyone from copying the score. Mozart walks out and writes the entire piece from memory. He is 14.

1778 Event

His mother Anna Maria dies in Paris while accompanying him on a job-hunting trip. He is 22 and alone in a foreign city. He writes his father a letter saying she is 'very ill' before working up the courage to tell the truth.

1781 Life

Breaks from his patron, the Archbishop of Salzburg, after years of humiliation. The archbishop's steward literally kicks him out the door. Mozart stays in Vienna as a freelancer. No steady salary, no safety net. It's the most productive period of his life.

1784 Life

Joins the Freemasons in Vienna. Lodge Zur Wohlthatigkeit. Freemasonry influences The Magic Flute seven years later. Trials, enlightenment, the journey from darkness to light. The symbols are everywhere in the opera.

1786 Event

The Marriage of Figaro premieres in Vienna. A comedy about servants outsmarting their masters. The Viennese audience demands so many encores that the emperor issues an order limiting them. In Prague, the opera is a sensation. Mozart writes to his father: "Here they talk about nothing but Figaro."

1787 Event

Don Giovanni premieres in Prague. Mozart conducts. The overture, according to legend, is written the night before. His wife Constanze keeps him awake with punch and fairy tales while he composes it.

1791 Event

The Magic Flute premieres in Vienna. Mozart conducts from the keyboard. He is visibly ill. The opera is a popular triumph, but Mozart has less than ten weeks to live. He is simultaneously working on his Requiem, commissioned by a stranger who refuses to reveal who hired him.

1791 Death

Dies in Vienna shortly after midnight. He is 35. The cause is still debated: rheumatic fever, kidney disease, mercury poisoning, or trichinosis from undercooked pork chops. The Requiem is unfinished. His student Franz Xaver Sussmayr completes it. He is buried in a common grave at St. Marx Cemetery, as was customary for the Viennese middle class. The exact location is unknown.

1985 Legacy

Amadeus wins the Academy Award for Best Picture. The film depicts Mozart as a vulgar genius and Salieri as his jealous rival. The real Salieri was a respected colleague. The rivalry is mostly fiction. The movie makes Mozart a household name for a generation that doesn't read liner notes.

Artifacts (15)

Shrine

Matthias Walbaum|Anton Mozart

1598–1600 · Ebony, silver, gilded silver, gouache on parchment
The Met View

Leopold Mozart playing the violin

J. A. Friedrich|M. G. Eichler

1756 · Etching and engraving
The Met View

Costume Study for Konstanze in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

Costume Study for Blonde in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

Costume Study for Belmonte in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

Costume Study for Pedrillo in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

Costume Study for Osmin in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

Leopold Mozart and His Children Maria Anna and Wolfgang Giving a Concert in Paris

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Jean-Baptiste Joseph Delafosse|Louis de Carmontelle|Johann Georg Leopold Mozart|Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia (Nannerl) Mozart

1764 · Etching and engraving
The Met View

Costume Study for Bassa Selim in the "Abduction from the Seraglio" by W.A. Mozart

Johann Georg Christoph Fries|Angelo Quaglio

ca. 1830–50 · Watercolor, over graphite, gum arabic
The Met View

The soprano Karoline Hetzenecker in the role of Sesto in La Clemenza di Tito by W.A. Mozart

Moritz von Schwind

ca. 1848 · Graphite and watercolour
The Met View

Mozart: The Man and the Artist, as Revealed in His Own Words

This etext was produced by John Mamoun (mamounjo@umdnj.edu), Charles Franks and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. INFORMATION ABOUT THIS E-TEXT EDITION The following is the...

1756

The Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Volume 01

Distributed Proofreading Team THE LETTERS OF WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART. (1769-1791.) In Two Volumes. Vol. I. By Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Translated, From The Collection Of...

1756

String Quartet No. 17 in B flat major, "Hunt", K. 458

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart String Quartet No. 3 in G Major, K. 156 #3 in our series by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Please read the "legal small print," and other...

1774

String Quartet No. 3 in G Major, K. 156

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart String Quartet No. 3 in G Major, K. 156 #5 in our series by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Please read the "legal small print," and other...

1774

String Quartet No. 1 in G major, K. 80

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Mozart's String quartet No.1 in G, K.80 #1 in our series by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the eBook and...

1774

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