February 25

Births

1365 births recorded on February 25 throughout history

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Quote of the Day

“Laugh and the world laughs with you, snore and you sleep alone.”

— Anthony Burgess

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Events Births Deaths Holidays

Medieval 13

1237

Wichard von Pohlheim, 40.

Wichard von Pohlheim, 40. Bischof von Passau

1237

Wichard von Pohlheim, religioso y político alemán, 40.º obispo de Passau.

1259

Infanta Branca of Portugal

Branca of Portugal was born in 1259 and never married. Unusual for a king's daughter — marriage was the job. Her father offered her to multiple European princes. She refused them all. Instead she founded the Convent of Huelgas in Coimbra and lived there for decades. Not as a nun. As its administrator and patron. She controlled the property, managed the finances, hosted visiting royalty. She died there in 1321, having spent sixty years turning down crowns to run a convent like a corporation.

1337

Wenceslaus I

Wenceslaus I was born in 1337 and became Duke of Luxembourg at age one. His mother ruled as regent. By eighteen, he'd married the daughter of the French king and inherited Brabant through her family. He spent most of his reign fighting his own wife's relatives over succession rights. He died at 46 without legitimate heirs. Luxembourg passed to his nephew. His wife outlived him by 23 years and remarried within months.

1337

Wenceslao I, aristócrata («duque de Luxemburgo») luxemburgués (f.

Wenceslao I, aristócrata («duque de Luxemburgo») luxemburgués (f. 1383).

1341

Ludwig von Meißen, Fürstbischof von Halberstadt und Bamberg, Kurfürst-Erzbischof von Mainz und Erzbischof von Magdeburg

1341

Ludwig von Meißen, religioso y aristócrata alemán, príncipe-obispo de Halberstadt y Bamberg, elector-arzobispo de Mag…

Ludwig von Meißen, religioso y aristócrata alemán, príncipe-obispo de Halberstadt y Bamberg, elector-arzobispo de Maguncia y arzobispo de Magdeburgo.

1398

Xuande, aristócrata y militar («emperador») chino, quinto regente de la dinastía Ming; reinó entre 1425 y 1435 (f.

Xuande, aristócrata y militar («emperador») chino, quinto regente de la dinastía Ming; reinó entre 1425 y 1435 (f. 1435).

1398

Xuande

The Xuande Emperor was born in 1398, grandson of the man who built the Forbidden City. He'd take the throne at 26 and rule for just ten years. But those ten years produced some of the finest porcelain ever made — Xuande blue-and-white ceramics are still the standard collectors measure everything else against. He didn't just commission them. He involved himself in the kilns, the glazes, the designs. A emperor who cared about bowls. His reign is considered the Ming Dynasty's golden age, and he spent it worrying about cobalt oxide ratios.

1415

Rennyo, maestro budista japonés.

1415

Rennyo, japanischer buddhistischer Lehrmeister

1475

Edward Plantagenet

Edward Plantagenet was born with a death sentence. Last male Yorkist with a claim to the throne — which meant Henry VII couldn't sleep while he lived. Edward spent most of his life locked in the Tower of London. He was ten when they imprisoned him. Twenty-four when they executed him for a treason plot he likely didn't understand. A Spanish ambassador wrote that Edward "could not discern a goose from a capon." Henry killed him anyway. Wrong bloodline.

1498

Francesco di Saluzzo, aristócrata («marqués») italiano (f.

Francesco di Saluzzo, aristócrata («marqués») italiano (f. 1537).

1500s 20

1502

Alfonso de Ávalos, aristócrata italiano («príncipe» y «señor de Isquia y Prócida»).

1505

Domenico Giunti, arquitecto, pintor e ingeniero italiano (f.

Domenico Giunti, arquitecto, pintor e ingeniero italiano (f. 1560).

1506

Giovanni Antonio Delfini, franciscano y teólogo italiano (f.

Giovanni Antonio Delfini, franciscano y teólogo italiano (f. 1561).

1514

Otón de Waldburg, cardenal y obispo católico alemán (f.

Otón de Waldburg, cardenal y obispo católico alemán (f. 1573).

1514

Othon Truchsess de Waldbourg, théologien catholique allemand, cardinal-évêque de Palestrina († 2 avril 1573).

1525

Gerald FitzGerald, aristócrata («11.º conde de Kildare») irlandés (f.

Gerald FitzGerald, aristócrata («11.º conde de Kildare») irlandés (f. 1585).

1525

Gerald FitzGerald, 11e comte de Kildare († 16 novembre 1585).

1540

Henry Howard

Henry Howard was born into the wreckage of his family's reputation. His father, the Earl of Surrey, had been executed for treason three years earlier. His uncle, the Duke of Norfolk, would be executed when Henry was 32. The Howards were Catholic in Protestant England, always one plot away from the Tower. Henry survived by staying useful. He wrote treatises on astronomy and religion. He flattered Elizabeth, then James. He waited 64 years for his earldom. He died wealthy, trusted, and utterly without principle. Survival was the family business.

1540

Henry Howard, aristócrata («1.º conde de Northampton») y cortesano inglés (f.

Henry Howard, aristócrata («1.º conde de Northampton») y cortesano inglés (f. 1614).

1543

Sharaf Khan Bidlisi

Sharaf Khan Bidlisi was born into a Kurdish emirate that had survived by playing Ottomans against Safavids for decades. His father taught him statecraft. He taught himself Persian poetry. At 19, he became emir. At 53, he wrote the Sharafnama — the first comprehensive history of the Kurds, 4,000 years of scattered clans compressed into one chronicle. He wrote it in Persian, not Kurdish. The conqueror's language was the only one anyone would read.

1543

Sharaf Jan Bidlisi, escritor, historiador, poeta y político kurdo iraní, autor del Sharafnama (libro de historia de l…

1591

Friedrich Spee

Friedrich Spee was born in Kaiserswerth in 1591. He became a Jesuit priest. Then he became a confessor to accused witches before their executions. He heard their confessions. He watched them burn. He started writing against witch trials in secret — publishing would've gotten him killed. His book *Cautio Criminalis* argued that torture produced false confessions, that the trials were legal murder, that innocent people were dying by the thousands. He published it anonymously in 1631. Within a decade, witch executions dropped across Germany. He died at 44, his hair turned white from what he'd witnessed. The Catholic Church didn't admit he wrote it until 1939.

1593

Antonio da Virgoletta, misionero italiano (f.

Antonio da Virgoletta, misionero italiano (f. 1641).

1597

Jean-Philippe de Saxe-Altenbourg, prince allemand de la maison de Wettin, duc de Saxe-Altenbourg († 1er avril 1639).

1600s 44

1603

Gregorio Preti, pintor italiano (f.

Gregorio Preti, pintor italiano (f. 1672).

1607

Agostino Beltrano, pintor italiano.

1613

Mattia Preti, pintor italiano (f.

Mattia Preti, pintor italiano (f. 1699).

1622

Christian Luis de Brunswick, aristócrata («duque de Brunswick-Lüneburg») alemán (f.

Christian Luis de Brunswick, aristócrata («duque de Brunswick-Lüneburg») alemán (f. 1665).

1622

Christian-Louis de Brunswick-Lunebourg, duc de Brunswick-Lunebourg († 15 mars 1665).

1628

Francisco Erdmann, aristócrata («duque de Sajonia-Lauenburgo») y mariscal de campo imperial alemán (f.

Francisco Erdmann, aristócrata («duque de Sajonia-Lauenburgo») y mariscal de campo imperial alemán (f. 1666).

1629

François-Erdmann de Saxe-Lauenbourg, prince de la maison d'Ascanie († 30 juillet 1666).

1635

Valeriano de Nassau-Usingen, aristócrata alemán (f.

Valeriano de Nassau-Usingen, aristócrata alemán (f. 1702).

1643

Christian-François Paullini, théologien, médecin et auteur polymathe allemand († 10 juin 1712).

1643

Ahmed II

Ahmed II became sultan at 49 after spending 43 years locked in the Kafes—the Golden Cage. Ottoman princes who weren't heir lived there: a suite of rooms in Topkapı Palace where they couldn't leave, couldn't govern, couldn't marry freely. His brother kept him there for 22 years. His nephew for another 21. He learned seven languages. He studied calligraphy. He went quietly mad from isolation. When he finally took the throne in 1691, he'd been confined longer than most sultans ruled. He lasted four years. The system that imprisoned him was meant to prevent civil wars. Instead it gave the empire broken men who'd forgotten how to lead.

1644

Erdmute Sofía de Sajonia, aristócrata («princesa» y «margravina de Brandeburgo-Bayreuth»), escritora de himnos, ensay…

Erdmute Sofía de Sajonia, aristócrata («princesa» y «margravina de Brandeburgo-Bayreuth»), escritora de himnos, ensayista e historiadora alemana (f. 1670).

1644

Erdmuthe Sophie von Sachsen, Markgräfin von Brandenburg-Bayreuth, Kirchenlieddichterin, Schriftstellerin und Historik…

Erdmuthe Sophie von Sachsen, Markgräfin von Brandenburg-Bayreuth, Kirchenlieddichterin, Schriftstellerin und Historikerin

1651

Quirinus Kuhlmann, poeta y místico religioso alemán (f.

Quirinus Kuhlmann, poeta y místico religioso alemán (f. 1689).

1651

Quirinus Kuhlmann, deutscher Schriftsteller und Mystiker

1651

Johann Philipp Krieger

Krieger wrote over 2,000 cantatas. Almost all of them are lost. He composed one for every Sunday and holiday for forty years as court composer in Weissenfels. He conducted the premiere of each one, then filed the manuscript away. When he died, his heirs sold the collection as scrap paper. Shopkeepers used the pages to wrap groceries. A few dozen cantatas survived. Bach knew his work and borrowed from it. The rest fed fires or lined drawers across Saxony.

1654

André Brue, négociant et explorateur français († 20 mai 1738).

1655

Carel de Moor, retratista neerlandés.

1656

Béat Jacques II de Zurlauben, militaire suisse au service du royaume de France († 21 septembre 1704).

1658

Jean-Baptiste Goiffon, médecin († 30 septembre 1730).

1661

Anne Lennard, aristócrata («condesa de Sussex») británica.

1663

Pierre Antoine Motteux

Pierre Antoine Motteux was born in Rouen in 1663. His family fled France when he was 22 — Huguenots weren't safe after Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes. He landed in London speaking almost no English. Within five years he was writing plays in it. Within ten, he'd finished the first complete English translation of Don Quixote. He also ran a magazine, sold Japanese porcelain, and wrote the libretto for England's first opera with an all-sung score. They found him dead in a private room above a brothel in 1718, circumstances unexplained. Fluency isn't the same as assimilation.

1663

Peter Anthony Motteux

Peter Anthony Motteux fled France at 17 when Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes. Huguenots had 15 days to convert or leave. He chose London. Within two years he was publishing The Gentleman's Journal, England's first periodical to mix literature, music, and news. He translated Don Quixote — the version English readers used for a century. He ran a textile business on the side. And he wrote plays. His comedy *The Island Princess* ran at Drury Lane when he was 35. He died in 1718 in circumstances so scandalous the coroner's report was suppressed. A refugee became the voice that introduced Continental culture to Georgian England.

1664

François de Valbelle-Tourves, homme d'Église français († 17 novembre 1727).

1664

François-Xavier d'Entrecolles, père jésuite qui étudia et révéla en 1712 la composition et les secrets de fabrication…

François-Xavier d'Entrecolles, père jésuite qui étudia et révéla en 1712 la composition et les secrets de fabrication de la porcelaine chinoise († 2 juillet 1741).

1667

Jean Louis de La Bourdonnaye, évêque français de Léon († 22 février 1745).

1668

Gottlieb Wernsdorf el Viejo, teólogo e historiador luterano alemán.

1668

Gottlieb Wernsdorf der Ältere, deutscher lutherischer Theologe und Historiker

1670

Maria Margarethe Kirch

Maria Margarethe Kirch discovered a comet in 1702. She was the first woman to make such a discovery. But she couldn't announce it herself. Her husband, also an astronomer, presented the findings to the Berlin Academy. When he died in 1710, she applied to succeed him as calendar maker for the Academy. They rejected her. A woman working publicly at the observatory would be "unseemly." She kept working anyway, training her children in astronomy. Her son and daughters all became astronomers. The Academy eventually hired her son for the position they'd denied her.

Edelberto dalla Nave, arquitecto italiano (f. 1742).

1682

Giovanni Battista Morgagni

Giovanni Battista Morgagni performed 700 autopsies over six decades. He correlated what he found in corpses with what patients had described before they died. Before him, doctors diagnosed disease by guessing at invisible humors. After him, they looked for damaged organs. He published *De Sedibus* at 79 — five volumes cataloging exactly where diseases lived in the body. Pathology became a science because an Italian professor wouldn't stop cutting open the dead to help the living.

1683

Jakob Benzelius, religioso y teólogo sueco (f.

Jakob Benzelius, religioso y teólogo sueco (f. 1747).

1684

Matthias Bernhard Braun, böhmischer Bildhauer

1684

Matthias Bernhard Braun, escultor bohemio.

1692

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, escritor y aventurero alemán (f.

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, escritor y aventurero alemán (f. 1775).

1692

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz was born in 1692 in Prussia. He'd eventually serve in seven different armies, convert between Protestant and Catholic four times depending on which court paid better, and get thrown in debtor's prison twice. He spent forty years traveling Europe as a professional houseguest — noblemen paid him to stay because his gossip was that good. He wrote memoirs so scandalous they were banned in multiple countries. He described every royal bedroom he'd seen and every mistress who'd inhabited them. Frederick the Great kept him around anyway, calling him "my lying baron." He died broke at 83, still writing.

1696

Jean-Philippe-René de La Bléterie, historien et traducteur français († 1er juin 1772).

1700s 80

1701

Claude François du Verdier de La Sorinière, écrivain français d'origine angevine († 28 janvier 1784).

1701

Panfilo Antonio Mazzara, obispo católico italiano (f.

Panfilo Antonio Mazzara, obispo católico italiano (f. 1766).

John Perceval, aristócrata («2.º conde de Egmont») y político británico-inglés (f. 1770).

1714

Sir Hyde Parker

Sir Hyde Parker was born in 1714 into a family that expected him to command ships. He did. For 68 years. He fought in the War of Austrian Succession, the Seven Years' War, and the American Revolution. He captured French privateers in the Caribbean. He defended Jamaica against invasion. He died at sea in 1782, still an admiral, still commanding a squadron. His son, also named Hyde Parker, also became an admiral. His grandson too. Three generations, same name, same rank, same ocean.

1714

Hyde Parker, almirante británico (f.

Hyde Parker, almirante británico (f. 1782).

1714

René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou

Maupeou became Lord Chancellor in 1768 and immediately tried to break the parlements — the regional courts that blocked every reform the king wanted. He exiled 130 judges in a single night. Replaced them with courts that couldn't veto royal decrees. It worked for four years. Then Louis XV died, Louis XVI panicked, and reversed everything to calm the nobility. Maupeou had solved the structural problem that would kill the monarchy. They undid his work fourteen years before the Revolution.

1716

Paolo Calvi, historiador italiano (f.

Paolo Calvi, historiador italiano (f. 1781).

1723

Francesco Ferdinando Sanseverino, arzobispo católico italiano (f.

Francesco Ferdinando Sanseverino, arzobispo católico italiano (f. 1793).

1725

Karl Wilhelm Ramler

Karl Wilhelm Ramler was born in Kolberg, Prussia. His father wanted him to be a merchant. He chose poetry instead. He became the most famous German poet nobody reads anymore. Frederick the Great called him "the German Horace." Publishers paid him more than any poet in Germany. He spent thirty years perfecting a single ode cycle. He revised obsessively — sometimes changing a single word seventeen times. His students included half the next generation of German writers. He died wealthy and celebrated. Twenty years later, the Romantics rewrote the rules of German poetry. His entire style became obsolete overnight.

1725

Karl Wilhelm Ramler, poeta, filósofo y pensador alemán (f.

Karl Wilhelm Ramler, poeta, filósofo y pensador alemán (f. 1798).

1725

Nicolas Joseph Cugnot, ingénieur militaire français († 2 octobre 1804

1725

Karl Wilhelm Ramler, deutscher Dichter und Denker, Philosoph

1726

Guillermina de Hesse-Kassel, aristócrata («princesa de Hesse») alemana (f.

Guillermina de Hesse-Kassel, aristócrata («princesa de Hesse») alemana (f. 1808), esposa del príncipe Enrique de Prusia.

1727

Armand-Louis Couperin, compositor y organista francés (f.

Armand-Louis Couperin, compositor y organista francés (f. 1789).

1727

Armand-Louis Couperin

Armand-Louis Couperin was born into the most famous musical family in France. His great-uncle François had been Louis XIV's harpsichordist. His father held the organ post at Saint-Gervais in Paris. The Couperins had controlled that position for three generations. When Armand-Louis turned 21, his father died. He inherited the job. He'd hold it for 62 years. But he never published a single composition. Everything he wrote stayed in manuscript, locked in the church archive. His cousins became famous. He just played. Every Sunday, same church, same organ bench his great-uncle had warmed. The family business.

1728

John Wood

John Wood the Younger finished what his father started in Bath — then built something nobody had seen before. The Royal Crescent: thirty townhouses curved into a half-moon, all sharing one continuous facade. 500 feet of columns. It looked like a single palace but held separate homes for thirty families. He died at 54, three years after completing it. Bath's been copying the curve ever since.

1728

Victoria de Hesse-Rotenburg, aristócrata («princesa») alemana (f.

Victoria de Hesse-Rotenburg, aristócrata («princesa») alemana (f. 1792).

1729

Alfonso Airoldi, arzobispo católico italiano (f.

Alfonso Airoldi, arzobispo católico italiano (f. 1817).

1729

Gaspar Oswald, clérigo y arquitecto húngaro (f.

Gaspar Oswald, clérigo y arquitecto húngaro (f. 1781).

1733

Wilhelm René de l’Homme de Courbière, mariscal de campo prusiano de origen francés, gobernador general de Prusia Occi…

Wilhelm René de l’Homme de Courbière, mariscal de campo prusiano de origen francés, gobernador general de Prusia Occidental.

August Wilhelm Hupel, lingüista alemán (f.

August Wilhelm Hupel, lingüista alemán (f. 1819).

1739

Johann Rudolf Meyer, empresario suizo (f.

Johann Rudolf Meyer, empresario suizo (f. 1813).

1742

Étienne Guillaume Picot de Bazus, général de division français († 12 juin 1817).

1744

William Cornwallis, almirante británico.

1744

William Cornwallis, britischer Admiral

1746

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, político, general y diplomático estadounidense (f.

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, político, general y diplomático estadounidense (f. 1825).

1747

Giovanni Filippo Gallarati Scotti, cardenal y arzobispo católico italiano (f.

Giovanni Filippo Gallarati Scotti, cardenal y arzobispo católico italiano (f. 1819).

1748

Wilhelm Ludwig von Sydow, funcionario y político prusiano.

1748

Wilhelm Ludwig von Sydow, preußischer Beamter und Politiker

1749

John Chetwynd-Talbot, aristócrata («1.º conde de Talbot») y político británico-inglés (f.

John Chetwynd-Talbot, aristócrata («1.º conde de Talbot») y político británico-inglés (f. 1793).

1749

André Jeanbon Saint-André, homme politique français († 10 décembre 1813).

1752

John Graves Simcoe

John Graves Simcoe abolished slavery in Upper Canada in 1793. First British colony in the world to do it. He'd commanded loyalist troops during the American Revolution, fought at Brandywine and Yorktown, spent time in a prison ship. When Britain made him Lieutenant Governor of what's now Ontario, he brought that experience with him. The Act Against Slavery didn't free everyone immediately—existing slaves remained enslaved—but it freed their children at 25 and banned importing new slaves. Gradual, compromised, but decades ahead of the British Empire's 1833 law. He named the new capital York. Americans burned it in 1813. They rebuilt it as Toronto.

1753

Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal, teólogo alemán (f.

Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal, teólogo alemán (f. 1819).

1754

Benjamin Tallmadge, militar y político estadounidense (f.

Benjamin Tallmadge, militar y político estadounidense (f. 1835).

1755

François René Mallarmé

François René Mallarmé was born in 1755, lived through the French Revolution, Napoleon's rise and fall, the Restoration, and another revolution in 1830. He died in 1835. Eighty years. Five completely different governments. He served in four of them. Most people who picked a side in 1789 were dead or exiled by 1795. Mallarmé kept his head, literally and politically, by knowing when to step back. The survival skill wasn't ideology. It was timing.

1758

Luigi Bossi Visconti, bibliotecario, archivista y hombre de letras italiano (f.

Luigi Bossi Visconti, bibliotecario, archivista y hombre de letras italiano (f. 1835).

1764

Karl Gustav Brinckmann, diplomático y poeta sueco.

1764

Karl Gustav Brinckmann, schwedischer Diplomat und deutscher Dichter

1765

André Haudry de Soucy, homme politique français († 6 janvier 1844).

1766

Jean-Pierre Gauthier, général de brigade français († 14 juin 1821).

1766

George Jones, político estadounidense, alcalde de Savannah.

1766

George Jones, US-amerikanischer Politiker

1768

Friedrich von Adelung, deutscher Jurist und Philosoph

1768

Friedrich Adelung, filólogo, abogado, filósofo y lingüista alemán (f.

Friedrich Adelung, filólogo, abogado, filósofo y lingüista alemán (f. 1843).

1768

Crisanto de Constantinopla, arzobispo ortodoxo griego (f.

Crisanto de Constantinopla, arzobispo ortodoxo griego (f. 1834).

1770

Adam Simons, teólogo]], poeta, retórico e historiador reformado neerlandés.

1770

Adam Simons, niederländischer reformierter Theologe, Dichter, Rhetoriker und Historiker

1771

Johan Henrik Schrøter, färöischer Pfarrer

1771

Johan Henrik Schrøter, pastor feroés.

1773

Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, aristócrata («5.º duque de Berwick») español (f.

Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, aristócrata («5.º duque de Berwick») español (f. 1794).

1775

Carl von Baerensprung, preußischer Beamter

1775

Carl von Baerensprung, funcionario prusiano.

1777

Fleury François Richard, pintor francés (f.

Fleury François Richard, pintor francés (f. 1852).

1778

José de San Martín

José de San Martín crossed the Andes with an army of 5,200 men in January 1817 — through mountain passes at 15,000 feet in winter, with artillery and cavalry, in seventeen days. It was considered impossible. He liberated Chile immediately after arriving, then sailed north to free Peru. When his army and Simón Bolívar's finally met, they disagreed about the future so completely that San Martín simply left — withdrew from his command, went to Europe, and let Bolívar finish the work.

1780

Thomas Turton, matemático británico-inglés y obispo anglicano (f.

Thomas Turton, matemático británico-inglés y obispo anglicano (f. 1864).

1780

John Bird Sumner, arzobispo anglicano británico-inglés (f.

John Bird Sumner, arzobispo anglicano británico-inglés (f. 1862).

1781

Matías de Irigoyen, político argentino (f.

Matías de Irigoyen, político argentino (f. 1839).

1788

Thomas Cubitt, empresario británico (f.

Thomas Cubitt, empresario británico (f. 1855).

1789

Hendrik Arent Hamaker, asiriólogo, filólogo y orientalista neerlandés (f.

Hendrik Arent Hamaker, asiriólogo, filólogo y orientalista neerlandés (f. 1835).

1789

Carlo Zucchi, arquitecto, grabador y escenógrafo italiano (f.

Carlo Zucchi, arquitecto, grabador y escenógrafo italiano (f. 1849).

1790

Juan Álvarez Mendizábal, político y economista español (f.

Juan Álvarez Mendizábal, político y economista español (f. 1853), primer ministro de España.

1791

Bobèche, actor de teatro y circo francés (f.

Bobèche, actor de teatro y circo francés (f. 1841).

1792

Johann Georg Christian Lehmann, botánico alemán (f.

Johann Georg Christian Lehmann, botánico alemán (f. 1860).

1794

Gerrit Schimmelpenninck, político neerlandés (f.

Gerrit Schimmelpenninck, político neerlandés (f. 1863).

1796

Johannes Bernhard Diepenbrock, deutscher Theologe und Historiker

1796

Johannes Bernhard Diepenbrock, teólogo e historiador alemán.

1797

Johann Wilhelm Neumann, abogado, político local e historiador alemán.

1797

Johann Wilhelm Neumann, deutscher Jurist, Kommunalpolitiker und Historiker

1799

Georges-Alphonse Jacob-Desmalter, ébéniste français († 7 juin 1870).

1799

Théodore Nézel, dramaturgo y libretista francés (f.

1806

Emma Catherine Embury

Emma Catherine Embury published her first poem at fourteen under a pseudonym. By twenty she was one of the most widely read poets in America. She wrote for Godey's Lady's Book, Graham's Magazine, every major publication. She earned actual money from poetry — rare for anyone in the 1830s, almost unheard of for a woman. She published novels, edited anthologies, ran literary salons in Brooklyn. Her work appeared alongside Poe and Hawthorne. She died at fifty-seven. Within a decade, most of her books were out of print. Literary historians now struggle to find complete collections of her work.

1806

Friedrich Welwitsch, botánico austríaco (f.

Friedrich Welwitsch, botánico austríaco (f. 1872), explorador en África.

1809

John Hart

John Hart arrived in South Australia in 1837 with £5,000 and a plan to build a flour mill. Within two years he was bankrupt. He rebuilt his fortune in shipping and brewing, then entered politics. He became Premier three times — unusual for the era — because the colony's parliament was chaos. Governments lasted months, not years. Hart's third term ran during the American Civil War, when South Australia's wheat suddenly became essential to Britain. He used the leverage. He pushed through land reform that broke up the massive pastoral estates and opened farming to ordinary settlers. The squatters never forgave him.

1810

Paulina de Wurtemberg, aristócrata («princesa» y «duquesa») alemana (f.

Paulina de Wurtemberg, aristócrata («princesa» y «duquesa») alemana (f. 1856).

1810

Giovanni Interdonato, político italiano (f.

Giovanni Interdonato, político italiano (f. 1866).

1811

Giuseppe Alinovi, pintor italiano (f.

Giuseppe Alinovi, pintor italiano (f. 1848).

1812

Carl Christian Hall

Carl Christian Hall became Denmark's Prime Minister in 1857 at 45. By then he'd already rewritten the country's constitution twice. He was a lawyer who hated courtrooms — preferred writing laws to arguing them. During his tenure, Denmark lost a third of its territory in the Second Schleswig War. Prussia and Austria took Schleswig-Holstein in 1864. Hall negotiated the surrender. He stayed Prime Minister for another three years after that. Most politicians would've resigned immediately. He didn't. He spent those years restructuring what was left of Denmark's government for a smaller country. The constitution he wrote after the loss is still the foundation of Danish democracy today.

1812

Carl Christian Hall, abogado y político danés, 6.º primer ministro de Dinamarca (f.

Carl Christian Hall, abogado y político danés, 6.º primer ministro de Dinamarca (f. 1888).

1813

Alcide-Joseph Lorentz, peintre, dessinateur et caricaturiste français († 10 juillet 1889).

1814

Riccardo di Castelvecchio, dramaturgo italiano (f.

Riccardo di Castelvecchio, dramaturgo italiano (f. 1894).

1815

Antonio De Martino, médico y político italiano (f.

Antonio De Martino, médico y político italiano (f. 1904).

1816

Matías Ramón Mella, patriota dominicano, uno de los tres padres de la patria (f.

Matías Ramón Mella, patriota dominicano, uno de los tres padres de la patria (f. 1864).

1816

Giovanni Morelli

Giovanni Morelli was born in Verona in 1816. He trained as a physician. He studied anatomy. He never practiced medicine. Instead he looked at paintings the way a doctor looks at patients — through details nobody else noticed. Earlobes. Fingernails. The way an artist painted toenails or the curve inside an ear. He realized every painter had unconscious habits in these throwaway details, like handwriting. Forgers could copy famous faces and dramatic poses, but they forgot about the ears. His method — now called Morellian analysis — exposed dozens of misattributed masterpieces. Freud called it detective work. Art historians still use it. The parts nobody looks at tell you everything.

1817

Bartolomeo Pacca el Joven, cardenal italiano (f.

Bartolomeo Pacca el Joven, cardenal italiano (f. 1880).

1818

María Amalia de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, aristócrata («princesa») italiana (f.

María Amalia de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, aristócrata («princesa») italiana (f. 1857).

1819

Peter Friedhofen, sacerdote y deshollinador alemán (f.

Peter Friedhofen, sacerdote y deshollinador alemán (f. 1860), fundador de la orden Hermanos de la Misericordia de María Auxiliadora.

1819

Peter Friedhofen, deutscher Schornsteinfeger und Ordensgründer

1820

Joseph Marie Piétri, político francés (f.

Joseph Marie Piétri, político francés (f. 1902).

Domenico Galaverna, poeta, escritor y tipógrafo italiano (f.

Domenico Galaverna, poeta, escritor y tipógrafo italiano (f. 1903).

1825

Emma Mampe-Babnigg, profesora de canto y cantante de ópera (soprano) austríaca.

1826

Giuseppe Andrea Angeloni, aristócrata y político italiano (f.

Giuseppe Andrea Angeloni, aristócrata y político italiano (f. 1891).

1828

Joseph-Henri Lasserre de Monzie, journaliste et écrivain catholique français († 22 juillet 1900).

1828

Joseph Arthur Dufaure du Bessol, général français († 2 octobre 1910).

1828

Bartolomeo Malfatti, geógrafo, historiador y etnógrafo italiano (f.

Bartolomeo Malfatti, geógrafo, historiador y etnógrafo italiano (f. 1892).

1829

Alexander von Bülow, político alemán (f.

Alexander von Bülow, político alemán (f. 1901).

1829

Anton von Scholz, deutscher Theologe

1831

Dióscoro Puebla, pintor español (f.

Dióscoro Puebla, pintor español (f. 1901).

1832

Federico Gabelli, ingeniero y político italiano (f.

Federico Gabelli, ingeniero y político italiano (f. 1889).

1832

Karl Bartsch, filólogo alemán (f.

Karl Bartsch, filólogo alemán (f. 1888), fundador del primer Instituto Alemán en Alemania.

1832

Maximilian Schmidt, bayerischer Heimatschriftsteller

1832

Karl Bartsch, deutscher Philologe und Gründer des ersten Germanistischen Instituts in Deutschland

1833

John St. John

John St. John became governor of Kansas in 1879 and immediately declared war on alcohol. Not metaphorically. He pushed through one of the nation's first prohibition laws, making Kansas bone-dry six years before he took office. Saloons closed. Breweries shuttered. His own Republican Party turned on him. He didn't care. In 1884 he ran for president on the Prohibition Party ticket, won 150,000 votes, and likely cost Republicans New York — which cost them the White House. He was born in Brookville, Indiana, in 1833. Fifty years later, he'd rather lose an election than compromise on whiskey.

1835

Osbert Salvin, naturalista, ornitólogo y herpetólogo británico-inglés (f.

Osbert Salvin, naturalista, ornitólogo y herpetólogo británico-inglés (f. 1898).

1835

Matsukata Masayoshi, político japonés (f.

Matsukata Masayoshi, político japonés (f. 1924).

1835

Christoph Theodor Aeby, deutscher Anthropologe

1835

Christoph Theodor Aeby, anatomista y antropólogo suizo (f.

Christoph Theodor Aeby, anatomista y antropólogo suizo (f. 1885).

1835

Romeo Bozzetti, patriota, general y periodista italiano (f.

Romeo Bozzetti, patriota, general y periodista italiano (f. 1907).

1836

Pauline von Metternich, begründete einen literarischen Salon in Wien

1836

Pauline von Metternich, socialité (personaje mediático) y aristócrata austríaca (f.

Pauline von Metternich, socialité (personaje mediático) y aristócrata austríaca (f. 1921), fundó un salón literario en Viena.

1837

Friedrich Reinecke, fotógrafo alemán.

1837

Friedrich Reinecke, deutscher Fotograf

1840

Otto Liebmann, filósofo alemán (f.

Otto Liebmann, filósofo alemán (f. 1912).

1840

Otto Liebmann, deutscher Philosoph

1841

Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born in Limoges, the son of a tailor. His family moved to Paris when he was four, which put him near the Louvre. He started painting porcelain at thirteen to help support the family. He co-organized the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874, which critics mocked as unfinished chaos. He died in 1919 with crippling arthritis, the brushes strapped to his hands. He was still painting.

1842

Karl May

Karl May never left Germany until he was 58. But he wrote bestselling adventure novels set in the American West and the Middle East. He described the Grand Canyon, Apache warriors, desert sunsets — all from his apartment in Dresden. Germans devoured his books. They still do. When he finally visited America in 1908, he was devastated. The real West looked nothing like what he'd written. His readers didn't care. They preferred his version.

1842

Ida Lewis (69), farera (cuidadora de un faro) estadounidense, conocida por haber salvado a decenas de personas de aho…

Ida Lewis (69), farera (cuidadora de un faro) estadounidense, conocida por haber salvado a decenas de personas de ahogarse en naufragios, rescatándolas con su bote (f. 1911); ACV mientras trabajaba en el faro.

1843

Enrico Del Carlo, político y periodista italiano (f.

Enrico Del Carlo, político y periodista italiano (f. 1920).

1843

Karl Gussow, deutscher Maler

1844

Mario Rapisardi, poeta, traductor e italianista italiano (f.

Mario Rapisardi, poeta, traductor e italianista italiano (f. 1912).

1844

Leó Frankel, político húngaro (f.

Leó Frankel, político húngaro (f. 1896).

1844

Philipp Remelé, deutscher Fotograf

1844

Jindřich Kafka, tschechischer Komponist

1844

Eugenio Geiringer, arquitecto e ingeniero italiano (f.

Eugenio Geiringer, arquitecto e ingeniero italiano (f. 1904).

1845

Albert Detto, deutscher Lehrer und Politiker

1845

George Reid

George Reid was born in Johnstone, Scotland, in 1845. His family emigrated to Australia when he was nine. He became Premier of New South Wales, then led the fight against federation — said it would ruin the colonies. Lost that fight. Then became Prime Minister of the federated Australia anyway. Served eleven months. After politics, he moved to London and became Australia's first High Commissioner to Britain. The man who opposed creating Australia spent his final years representing it abroad.

1846

Ange Flégier, compositor, crítico musical, pintor y escritor francés.

1846

Giuseppe De Nittis, pintor italiano (f.

Giuseppe De Nittis, pintor italiano (f. 1884).

1848

Gustave Rivet, poète, dramaturge et homme politique français († 20 juin 1936).

1848

Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé, político, crítico literario y eslavista francés (f.

Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé, político, crítico literario y eslavista francés (f. 1910).

1848

Guillermo II, aristócrata («rey de Wurtemberg») alemán (f.

Guillermo II, aristócrata («rey de Wurtemberg») alemán (f. 1921).

1849

Ernest George Meers, tenista británico (f.

Ernest George Meers, tenista británico (f. 1928).

1849

Erich Zweigert, deutscher Politiker

1850

Alexandre Georges, organista, educador musical y compositor francés.

1850

Alexandre Georges, französischer Organist, Musikpädagoge und Komponist

1851

Chris Madsen, militar y policía danés (f.

Chris Madsen, militar y policía danés (f. 1944).

1853

Robert Bond became Newfoundland's first Prime Minister in 1900 — when it was still its own country, not a Canadian province. He'd already negotiated fishing rights directly with the United States, bypassing Britain entirely. London was furious. He didn't care. Under his leadership, Newfoundland built railways, developed its fisheries, and stayed fiercely independent. It wouldn't join Canada until 1949, twenty-two years after his death. He was born in St. John's in 1857.

William Ashley was born in 1860 in Bermondsey, one of London's poorest districts. He became the first professor of economic history in the English-speaking world. Before him, economics was theory. He made it evidence — actual wages, actual prices, what workers ate for dinner. At Harvard in the 1890s, he taught students to read medieval account books the way detectives read crime scenes. He founded Toronto's commerce school by arguing that businessmen needed to understand how markets had failed before. His textbooks stayed in print for fifty years because he wrote about guilds and trade routes like they mattered to living people. They did.

1860

Godofredo Cunha, jurista e magistrado brasileiro (m.

Godofredo Cunha, jurista e magistrado brasileiro (m. 1936).

1860

Richard Muther, deutscher Kunsthistoriker

1861

Rudolf Steiner, ocultista, esoterista, escritor y curandero austrocroata, autodenominado clarividente, fundador de la…

Rudolf Steiner, ocultista, esoterista, escritor y curandero austrocroata, autodenominado clarividente, fundador de la antroposofía (f. 1925).

1861

Rudolf Steiner

Rudolf Steiner was born in 1861 in a railway station house in Austria. His father was a stationmaster. He claimed he could see auras and spirits as a child. Nobody believed him. He studied science and philosophy, edited Goethe's scientific writings, then invented anthroposophy — a spiritual science combining mysticism with practical application. Today 1,200 Waldorf schools worldwide use his educational methods. They ban screens until age 12 and teach eurythmy, a movement art he created. From railway station to global pedagogy.

1861

Santiago Rusiñol, pintor, escritor, periodista y dramaturgo catalán (f.

Santiago Rusiñol, pintor, escritor, periodista y dramaturgo catalán (f. 1931).

Andranik

Andranik Ozanian was born in 1865 in a village the Ottomans would destroy twice. He became a fedayee — guerrilla fighter — at 23. For forty years he led Armenian volunteer units through six wars. He never lost hand-to-hand combat. Not once. His men called him Zoravar, "Commander," and followed him across three empires. When the Republic of Armenia formed in 1918, he refused any government position. He said he was a soldier, not a politician. He died in California in 1927. They brought his remains back to Armenia in 2000. Fifty thousand people lined the streets.

1866

Benedetto Croce

Benedetto Croce was born in Pescasseroli, a mountain village in central Italy, in 1866. He survived an earthquake at 17 that killed both his parents and his sister. He spent the next decade reading philosophy in libraries, independently, no university position. By 40, he'd become Italy's most influential intellectual without ever holding an academic job. He opposed Mussolini publicly when most Italian professors stayed silent. The fascists let him live — arresting Croce would have been too embarrassing. After the war, he helped write Italy's new constitution. Philosophy kept him alive.

1866

Heinrich Kühn, österreichischer Fotograf

1867

Sultán Nazime, aristócrata («princesa») otomana (f.

Sultán Nazime, aristócrata («princesa») otomana (f. 1947).

1867

Rudolf Tarnow, plattdeutscher Schriftsteller

1868

Anthony Johannes Blok, niederländischer Strafrechtler

1868

Josef Albisser, abogado y político suizo (f.

Josef Albisser, abogado y político suizo (f. 1943).

1868

Josef Albisser, Schweizer Jurist und Politiker

1868

1877

Erich von Hornbostel

Erich von Hornbostel was born in Vienna in 1877. He studied chemistry and philosophy, not music. But in 1900 he heard a wax cylinder recording of Thai music at the Berlin Phonogram Archive. He couldn't stop listening. He abandoned his dissertation. He spent the next three decades creating the first scientific system for classifying every instrument on earth. His method — the Hornbostel-Sachs system — is still the standard. Violins, didgeridoos, steel drums, theremins: all organized by how they make sound, not where they're from. He proved you could study music like biology. Before him, ethnomusicology didn't exist.

1877

John Robertson, futbolista y entrenador británico-escocés (f.

John Robertson, futbolista y entrenador británico-escocés (f. 1935).

Royal Harwood Frost, astrónomo estadounidense (f. 1950).

1879

Julius Falkenstein, actor alemán (f.

Julius Falkenstein, actor alemán (f. 1933).

1879

Otakar Ostrčil, compositor checo.

1880

Sherman Bainbridge, actor estadounidense (f.

Sherman Bainbridge, actor estadounidense (f. 1950).

1881

William Z. Foster

William Z. Foster was born in Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1881. By age 10 he was working in a fertilizer factory. No formal education past third grade. He organized the 1919 steel strike — 365,000 workers walked out. It failed, but it terrified U.S. Steel enough that they cut the workday from twelve hours to eight. He ran for president three times on the Communist ticket. Got 103,000 votes in 1932, during the Depression. The FBI kept a 10,000-page file on him.

1881

Charles Schneider, maître-verrier français de l'art déco († 7 janvier 1953).

1881

Alexei Rykov

Alexei Rykov became Lenin's successor as head of the Soviet government in 1924. Not Stalin — Rykov. He ran the day-to-day operations while Stalin consolidated power through the party. Rykov opposed forced collectivization. He thought Stalin's industrial targets were insane. He argued for moderation, for letting peasants keep some autonomy. Stalin called him a "Right Deviationist." In 1938, during the Great Purge, Rykov was arrested, tried, and executed. His last words at trial: "I am kneeling before the country." The moderate who tried to slow Stalin down was shot by Stalin's order.

Eugenio Giovannetti, periodista, escritor y traductor italiano (f.

Eugenio Giovannetti, periodista, escritor y traductor italiano (f. 1951).

1883

Johanna Magerfleisch, deutsche Malerin

1883

Princess Alice of Battenberg

She was born deaf. Learned to lip-read in three languages by watching people's mouths. Married a Greek prince, had five children, founded a nursing order during the Balkan Wars. When the Nazis occupied Athens in 1943, she hid a Jewish family in her home for over a year. The Gestapo questioned her. She used her deafness as cover, pretending not to understand them. They left. After the war, she sold her jewelry to feed starving children. Gave everything away. Her son Philip found her living in a two-room apartment with no possessions. She died at Buckingham Palace wearing a nun's habit. Israel named her Righteous Among the Nations in 1994.

1886

Teodoro Aragón Foureaux, payaso español (f.

Teodoro Aragón Foureaux, payaso español (f. 1974).

1886

Wally Hardinge

Wally Hardinge played first-class cricket for Kent and professional football for Newcastle United. At the same time. He'd bat on Saturday morning, then take a train north to play center-forward that afternoon. In 1921, he scored 2,000 runs in a cricket season and 17 goals in a football season. Nobody's done that since. He played 13 Tests for England in cricket. Never got an international football cap. The selectors couldn't figure out which sport he actually played.

1886

Hans Walter Imhoff, Schweizer Fußballspieler

1887

Al Herman, acteur, réalisateur et scénariste britannique († 2 juillet 1967).

1887

Ewald Mataré, pintor y escultor alemán (f.

Ewald Mataré, pintor y escultor alemán (f. 1965).

Pier Arrigo Barnaba, político y militar italiano (f. 1967).

1891

Meher Baba

Meher Baba stopped speaking in 1925. He was 31. He'd use an alphabet board for 27 years, then just hand gestures. He said he'd break his silence with one word that would shake the world. He traveled to six continents. Met with thousands. Wrote books using the board. He died in 1969. Never spoke. His followers still wait for that word. They call the silence itself his message.

1895

Bert Bell, entrenador de fútbol americano y director deportivo (f.

Bert Bell, entrenador de fútbol americano y director deportivo (f. 1959).

1895

Lew Andreas

Lew Andreas played basketball before the three-point line existed. Before the shot clock. Before players could dribble with both hands. He was born in 1895, when the game was nine years old and you still shot at peach baskets. He became Syracuse's head coach in 1924 and stayed for 24 years. Won 358 games. But here's what matters: he coached during the rule changes that created modern basketball. The center jump after every basket? Gone during his tenure. Dribbling restrictions? Lifted. He didn't just adapt to a different game. He coached through the invention of the game itself.

1895

Werner Zech, general alemán.

1895

Henri Martelli, französischer Komponist

1895

Peter Llewelyn Davies was born in London in 1897. He became the publisher of Daphne du Maurier and A.A. Milne. Before that, he was the boy who inspired Peter Pan. J.M. Barrie was his family's friend, then guardian after his parents died. Peter hated it. He called Barrie's obsession with him and his brothers "that terrible masterpiece." The character made him famous for something he never asked to be. He published books his whole adult life, trying to be known for his own work. At 63, he threw himself under a train. The newspapers called him "Peter Pan.

William Astbury

William Astbury took the first X-ray photograph of DNA in 1938. He saw the pattern — repeating structures, regular spacing — but couldn't figure out what it meant. He published the image. Fifteen years later, Rosalind Franklin used the same technique, got a clearer picture, and Watson and Crick used her work to solve the structure. Astbury had been staring at the answer. He called his field "molecular biology" before anyone else used the term. The name stuck. The credit didn't.

1898

Fausta Cialente, escritora, periodista y traductora italiana (f.

1901

Vince Gair

Vince Gair was born in Rockhampton, Queensland, in 1901. He became Premier in 1952 as a Labor leader. Three years later, his own party expelled him. The reason: he refused to close pubs at 6 PM. Queensland's early closing law was sacred to the temperance movement. Gair thought workers deserved a beer after their shift. Labor gave him an ultimatum. He walked, took seventeen MPs with him, and formed his own party. He stayed in politics for another twenty-five years. The pub hours that ended his Labor career? Queensland kept them until 1960.

1902

Max Arnow, director de casting estadounidense (f.

Max Arnow, director de casting estadounidense (f. 1984).

1902

Egons Feldbergs, futbolista letón (f.

Egons Feldbergs, futbolista letón (f. 1979).

1902

Tania Balachova, actriz francesa (f.

Tania Balachova, actriz francesa (f. 1973).

1902

Hanns Geier, deutscher Automobilrennfahrer

1902

Virginio Rosetta, futbolista italiano, campeón del mundo.

1902

Max Kommerell, historiador, escritor y profesor alemán (f.

Max Kommerell, historiador, escritor y profesor alemán (f. 1944).

Warren Hymer, actor estadounidense (f. 1948).

1906

Mary Coyle Chase

Mary Coyle Chase wrote a play about a man whose best friend is a six-foot invisible rabbit. Harvey opened on Broadway in 1944. Critics thought it was too whimsical for wartime. It ran for nearly five years. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1945—beating out Tennessee Williams. The play made more money than anything else she ever wrote. She spent decades trying to write something people would take seriously. They kept asking about the rabbit.

1906

Heinz Emmerich, futbolista alemán (f. 1986).

1908

Domingo Ortega, matador espagnol († 8 mai 1988).

1908

Karl-Heinz Stroux, deutscher Regisseur

1908

Frank G. Slaughter, American physician and author (died 2001)

1908

Carlo Martini, pintor italiano (f.

Carlo Martini, pintor italiano (f. 1958).

1908

Folke Frölén, caballero sueco (f.

Folke Frölén, caballero sueco (f. 2002).

1908

Mary Locke Petermann

Mary Locke Petermann discovered what are now called ribosomes in the 1950s — the cellular machinery that translates genetic information into proteins. She was the first woman to be named a full member of the Sloan Kettering Institute staff. Her identification of these particles helped establish the molecular basis of protein synthesis, a discovery that underpins modern understanding of how genes actually work inside cells.

1909

Donato Turrini, político y periodista italiano (f.

Donato Turrini, político y periodista italiano (f. 1992).

1909

Anton Anderl, político austríaco.

1909

Silvio Geuna, político, periodista y religioso italiano (f.

Silvio Geuna, político, periodista y religioso italiano (f. 1998).

1909

Edgar Pangborn, escritor estadounidense (f.

Edgar Pangborn, escritor estadounidense (f. 1976).

Bob Shankly, futbolista y entrenador británico-escocés (f.

Bob Shankly, futbolista y entrenador británico-escocés (f. 1982).

1910

Camille Beeckman, ciclista de ruta belga (f.

Camille Beeckman, ciclista de ruta belga (f. 1994).

1910

Millicent Fenwick

Millicent Fenwick was born into old money in 1910. She spent it all. Her husband gambled away her inheritance, then left her with two children during the Depression. She was 38, broke, and needed work. She got a job at Vogue writing their etiquette column. At 54, she ran for local office in New Jersey. At 64, she won a seat in Congress. She showed up in pearls and a pipe. Four terms. She was the model for Lacey Davenport in Doonesbury. Reagan appointed her to represent the U.S. at the UN Food Agency. She was 72. She never stopped working.

Don Welsh, futbolista y entrenador británico (f.

Don Welsh, futbolista y entrenador británico (f. 1990).

1911

Coleman Jett Goin, herpétologiste américain († 12 mai 1986).

1911

Edith Meinel, actrice germano-autrichienne († 2003).

1912

Enzo Giacchero, partisano y político italiano (f.

Enzo Giacchero, partisano y político italiano (f. 2000).

1912

Richard Wattis, actor británico (f.

Richard Wattis, actor británico (f. 1975).

1912

Eugen Kipp junior, deutscher Fußballspieler

1912

Quinto Bucci, político italiano (f.

Quinto Bucci, político italiano (f. 1970).

1912

Francesco Albani, ciclista de ruta italiano (f.

Francesco Albani, ciclista de ruta italiano (f. 1997).

1912

Émile Allais, esquiador alpino francés, entrenador de esquí alpino y director deportivo (f.

Émile Allais, esquiador alpino francés, entrenador de esquí alpino y director deportivo (f. 2012).

1912

Filippo Gagliardi, empresario y filántropo italiano (f.

Filippo Gagliardi, empresario y filántropo italiano (f. 1968).

1913

Les Bury, político australiano.

1913

Habib Achour, sindicalista tunecino.

1913

Jim Backus

Jim Backus was born in Cleveland in 1913. He'd become two completely different icons: Thurston Howell III, the millionaire stranded on Gilligan's Island, and Mr. Magoo, the nearsighted cartoon curmudgeon. Same voice for both — that patrician warble he perfected in radio. He voiced Magoo in over 50 cartoons and won an Oscar for one. On Gilligan's Island, he showed up in a different ascot every episode and brought his own yacht club blazer. He played 1,500 characters across five decades. But everyone remembers the millionaire who couldn't build a raft and the blind man who couldn't see he was walking off cliffs.

1913

Gert Fröbe

Gert Fröbe played Auric Goldfinger so convincingly that Ian Fleming's fans forgot he couldn't speak English during filming. Every line was dubbed. He learned the dialogue phonetically, matching mouth movements to sounds he didn't understand. Born in Oberplanitz, Germany, in 1913, he'd been a stage actor and violinist. The Nazis banned him from performing—he'd hidden Jews in his cellar. After the war, he became one of German cinema's most recognized faces. Then Bond made him globally famous for a role he performed in a language he couldn't speak. Method acting has nothing on that.

1913

Hans Gaugler, Schweizer Schauspieler und Theaterregisseur

1913

Stephan László, österreichischer Priester, Bischof von Eisenstadt

1913

Victor-Emanuel Preusker, deutscher Politiker und Bankier

1913

Lawrence Stevens, boxeador sudafricano (f.

Lawrence Stevens, boxeador sudafricano (f. 1989).

1914

Arkady Ostrovsky, compositor ruso (f.

1914

Jean Petit, futbolista belga (f.

Jean Petit, futbolista belga (f. 1944).

1915

S. Rajaratnam

S. Rajaratnam was born in Sri Lanka in 1915 to Indian parents. He moved to Singapore as a journalist. He wrote in three languages and helped draft Singapore's independence declaration. When the country split from Malaysia in 1965, he became Foreign Minister. He coined "multiracialism" as official policy — not tolerance, not melting pot, but parallel preservation. He wrote the national pledge schoolchildren still recite. The line "regardless of race, language or religion" was his. Singapore had race riots two years before independence.

1915

Zero Mostel, US-amerikanischer Schauspieler

1915

Barney Ewell ran the 100 meters in 10.2 seconds at the 1948 Olympics. He broke the tape first. The photo finish said he came in second, by a tenth. He was 30 years old — ancient for a sprinter. He'd lost his peak years to World War II. He won gold in the relay instead. Then he went home to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and worked for the post office for 28 years. He never complained about the photo finish. Not once.

1918

Nikolaï Goulaïev, pilote de chasse soviétique, as de la Seconde Guerre mondiale († 27 septembre 1985).

1919

Clarence Seignoret, político dominicano (f.

Clarence Seignoret, político dominicano (f. 2002).

1919

Karl H. Pribram

Karl Pribram was born in Vienna in 1919. He became a neurosurgeon first, then switched to psychology after working directly on human brains. He proposed the holographic brain theory — that memories aren't stored in one spot but distributed across the entire brain, like a hologram where every piece contains the whole image. Cut out part of a rat's brain, and it still remembered the maze. His colleagues thought he was insane. Now it's mainstream neuroscience.

Philip Habib was born in Brooklyn to Lebanese grocers who spoke no English. He became the State Department's crisis negotiator — the guy they sent when everything else had failed. Beirut in '82. The Philippines in '86. He'd show up, chain-smoke, and talk for 18 hours straight until someone blinked. Reagan gave him the Medal of Freedom. Habib said his secret was simple: "I'm too dumb to know when to quit.

1920

Gérard Bessette

Gérard Bessette wrote *La Bagarre* in 1958 and Quebec's literary establishment called it obscene. He'd used joual—the working-class French Quebecois actually spoke—in a serious novel. The cultural elite wanted European French. Bessette kept writing in joual anyway. He won the Governor General's Award twice. By the 1970s, joual was the language of Quebec's cultural revolution. The obscenity became the national voice.

1921

Maurice Venezia, partisano griego, superviviente del Holocausto (f.

Maurice Venezia, partisano griego, superviviente del Holocausto (f. 2013), hermano del partisano Shlomo Venezia (1923-2012).

1921

Andy Pafko

Andy Pafko was born in Boyceville, Wisconsin, in 1921. He played in three World Series for three different teams — the Cubs, Dodgers, and Braves — and lost all three. He's the left fielder in the most famous baseball photograph ever taken: the "Shot Heard 'Round the World." That's him in the Dodgers uniform, hands on knees, watching Bobby Thomson's home run sail over his head. The ball that ended Brooklyn's season. He played 17 years in the majors. Hit .285 lifetime. Made five All-Star teams. But he's forever the guy watching the ball go out.

1921

Pierre Laporte

Pierre Laporte was born in Montreal in 1921. He became Quebec's labor minister during the October Crisis of 1970, when separatist militants kidnapped him from his front lawn while playing football with his nephew. They held him in a house 15 miles away. Seven days later, they strangled him with the chain of his religious medal. His body was found in a car trunk at the airport. He was 49. Quebec invoked the War Measures Act — the only peacetime use in Canadian history.

1921

Jacques Marchand, journaliste sportif français, gloire du sport promotion 2011 († 24 octobre 2017).

1921

Ivo Štakula, waterpolista yugoslavo (f. 1958).

Nelson Bobb, jugador estadounidense de baloncesto (f.

Nelson Bobb, jugador estadounidense de baloncesto (f. 2003).

1924

Víctor Massuh, profesor y ensayista argentino (f.

Víctor Massuh, profesor y ensayista argentino (f. 2008).

1924

Douglas Jung, homme politique canadien († 4 janvier 2002).

1924

John Jackson, chanteur, guitariste et banjoïste de blues américain († 20 janvier 2002).

1924

Hugh Huxley

Hugh Huxley was born in 1924 in Birkenhead, England. He'd end up explaining how muscles work at the molecular level — something nobody understood when he started. In 1954, working independently from Andrew Huxley (no relation, confusingly), he proposed the sliding filament theory. Muscles don't contract because the fibers shrink. They contract because two sets of filaments slide past each other like fingers interlacing. He proved it with X-ray diffraction patterns of muscle tissue, catching the filaments mid-slide. The theory held. Every time you lift your arm or blink, billions of protein filaments are sliding past each other. He figured that out with crystallography and stubbornness.

1925

Lisa Kirk

Lisa Kirk made her Broadway debut in *Allegro* at 22. Rodgers and Hammerstein wrote "The Gentleman Is a Dope" specifically for her voice — a three-octave range that could belt or whisper. She got the role in *Kiss Me, Kate* when the original star walked out during rehearsals. Her "Always True to You in My Fashion" stopped the show every night for 1,077 performances. Cole Porter called her "the only one who got it right." She was born in Brownsville, Pennsylvania, in 1925.

1925

Johannes Agnoli, deutscher Politikwissenschaftler und Philosoph

1925

Janaky Athi Nahappan

María Elena Galiano, aracnóloga argentina (f. 2000).

1928

Germán Puig Paredes (92), fotógrafo de desnudos y cineasta cubano (f.

Germán Puig Paredes (92), fotógrafo de desnudos y cineasta cubano (f. 2021), fundador de la Cinemateca de Cuba y expatriado en España.

1928

Bibiana Zeller, österreichische Schauspielerin

1928

Paul Elvstrøm

Paul Elvstrøm was born in Denmark in 1928. He'd win four straight Olympic gold medals in sailing — 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960. Nobody in any sport had done that in individual events. He invented the hiking technique, where you lean your body out over the water to balance the boat. Before him, sailors just sat. He also invented the self-bailer, the sail tell-tale, and the modern hiking strap. He redesigned the sport while dominating it. And he trained obsessively — would practice capsizing and righting his boat hundreds of times until he could do it in seconds. When he finally lost in 1968, he'd been Olympic champion for twenty years.

1928

Hushang Ebtehaj

Hushang Ebtehaj was born in Rasht, Iran. His pen name was H.E. Sayeh — "shadow" in Persian. He wrote love poems so precise they felt like physics. The Shah's regime banned his work. He kept writing anyway, publishing underground. After the 1979 revolution, the new government banned him too. Different ideology, same fear of his words. He lived to 93, outlasting both regimes that tried to silence him. His poems are still memorized by Iranians who've never met him.

1928

Larry Gelbart

Larry Gelbart was born in Chicago in 1928. His father was a barber who wrote jokes on the side. By 16, Gelbart was writing for Danny Thomas on radio. By 29, he'd written for Bob Hope, Jack Paar, and Sid Caesar. Then he adapted M*A*S*H for television. He turned a dark war comedy into 11 seasons and 125 million viewers for the finale. He insisted on no laugh track for operating room scenes. CBS fought him. He won. Later he wrote Tootsie and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum. He never stopped working. At his memorial, they said he rewrote his own eulogy from the hospital.

1929

Tommy Newsom

1930

Dan Pagis, poeta israelí (f.

Dan Pagis, poeta israelí (f. 1986).

1931

1934

Tony Campolo was born in Philadelphia in 1935. He became the pastor who made progressive evangelicals nervous and conservative ones furious. He argued for LGBTQ inclusion in the church. He pushed for economic justice from the pulpit. He advised Bill Clinton during the Lewinsky scandal. At evangelical conferences, he'd start with fire-and-brimstone energy, then pivot to talking about poverty and systemic racism. Students at Eastern University, where he taught sociology for decades, called his classes "sermons with data." He died in 2024, still arguing that you could love Jesus and vote Democrat—a position that cost him speaking gigs but never his conviction.

1935

Sally Jessy Raphael

Sally Jessy Raphael was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, in 1935. She spent 18 years trying to break into broadcasting. She got fired 23 times. She worked in Puerto Rico, then Miami, then back to Puerto Rico. She did late-night radio in St. Louis for $7.50 an hour. She was 48 when she finally got her TV show in 1983. The red glasses became her trademark because she couldn't afford contacts. She stayed on the air for 19 years, outlasting most of the hosts who'd rejected her for jobs. Those 23 firings became the setup for one of the longest runs in daytime television.

1935

Oktay Sinanoglu

Oktay Sinanoglu was born in Bari, Italy, in 1935. Turkish parents, diplomatic posting. He'd become the youngest full professor at Yale at 29. His solvation theory changed how scientists understood molecules in solution — why things dissolve, how proteins fold, what happens when drugs enter the body. He published over 300 papers. But he spent his later years writing about Turkish language reform, arguing Turkey should purge foreign words. The man who explained molecular interactions in English wanted his native language to be pure. He died in Istanbul at 80, having split his brilliance between two obsessions that never quite reconciled.

1936

Jerry Reinsdorf, empresario y abogado estadounidense.

1936

Peter Hill-Wood, director deportivo británico-inglés (f.

Peter Hill-Wood, director deportivo británico-inglés (f. 2018).

1936

Jorge Jacobson, periodista argentino (f.

Jorge Jacobson, periodista argentino (f. 2014).

Dietmar Sauermann, deutscher Volkskundler

1937

Bob Schieffer

Bob Schieffer was born in Austin, Texas, in 1937. He became a reporter by accident. He was working at the Fort Worth Star-Telegram in 1963 when a woman called the newsroom. She'd just given a ride to a man who said he'd shot the president. Schieffer took the call. The woman was Oswald's mother. That phone call launched him. He spent 46 years at CBS News. He moderated three presidential debates. He anchored Face the Nation for 24 years. He never lost the Texas drawl.

1937

Barbara Piasecka Johnson

Barbara Piasecka arrived in America with $100 and became a chambermaid for the Johnson & Johnson heir. She was 40. He was 76. They married three years later. When he died, she inherited $500 million. His children sued, claiming undue influence. She won. She spent the next three decades buying Renaissance art and funding Polish causes. The maid became one of the world's major collectors.

1937

Tom Courtenay

Tom Courtenay was born in Hull during a blizzard so bad his father couldn't get home from the fish docks for three days. His mother was a primary school teacher who pushed him toward academia. He won a scholarship to study drama at University College London, then RADA. His breakout came at 25 in *The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner* — playing a reform school kid who throws a race on purpose. He got an Oscar nomination two years later. Still acts at 87.

1937

Severo Sarduy, poeta, escritor y crítico de arte cubano (f.

Severo Sarduy, poeta, escritor y crítico de arte cubano (f. 1993).

1937

Ali Shahbazi, general iraní.

1938

Viktor Kosichkin, patinador de velocidad soviético (f.

Viktor Kosichkin, patinador de velocidad soviético (f. 2012).

1938

Farokh Engineer

Farokh Engineer was born in Bombay in 1938. He kept wicket standing up to the stumps against medium pacers — nobody did that. He'd catch the ball barehanded if his gloves slipped off. In 1961, he stumped three batsmen in one Test match against England, all off spin bowling. He averaged 31 with the bat in Test cricket, better than most specialist batsmen of his era. He played county cricket for Lancashire for thirteen years. They called him the best wicketkeeper-batsman in the world who wasn't Australian. And he wore a white floppy hat while keeping, which was either supremely confident or completely mad.

1938

Herb Elliott

Herb Elliott ran undefeated for his entire international career. Every single race at 1500 meters or the mile — 44 consecutive wins. He won the 1500 meters at the 1960 Rome Olympics by 20 meters, the largest margin in Olympic history. Then he retired at 22. His coach trained him by making him run sand dunes until he vomited. The theory was that if Elliott could endure that, a track race would feel easy. He set world records that stood for years. And he walked away before anyone could beat him.

1938

Diane Baker

Diane Baker was born in Hollywood, California, in 1938. Her father was a stage actor. She started working at 17. By 19 she was opposite Gregory Peck in *The Diary of Anne Frank*. Then Hitchcock cast her in *Marnie* — she played the woman who knew Tippi Hedren's secret. She worked steadily for six decades. Never became a household name. But directors kept calling. She produced *The Silence of the Lambs*. That's the career: always there, always working, never needing to be famous.

1938

John Foster, Segler und Bobfahrer von den Amerikanischen Jungferninseln

1938

Doris Ebbing, deutsche Kommunalpolitikerin

1938

Maryanne Amacher, compositora, improvisadora y artista estadounidense (f.

Maryanne Amacher, compositora, improvisadora y artista estadounidense (f. 2009).

Monica Proietti was born in Montreal in 1940. By 25, she'd robbed more banks than any woman in Canadian history. She dressed as a man for the jobs — fedora, suit, fake mustache. The press called her "Machine Gun Molly" though she never fired a shot. She hit 20 banks in 18 months across Montreal and Toronto. Police had no idea they were looking for a woman. She got caught because a teller recognized her perfume. Dead at 27, shot during her last robbery. She'd planned to retire after that one.

David Puttnam was born in London in 1941, the son of a Fleet Street photographer. He started as an advertising agent, representing photographers. By 35, he'd produced *Bugsy Malone* and *Midnight Express*. At 39, *Chariots of Fire* won Best Picture. He ran Columbia Pictures for 18 months, fought with every major director in Hollywood, and got fired. He went back to Britain and made *The Killing Fields*. Four Oscar nominations, one win, and he never worked in Hollywood again. He spent the next forty years teaching film students what he learned the hard way.

1941

José Luis Violeta, futbolista español (f.

José Luis Violeta, futbolista español (f. 2022).

1941

Alexander Sandy Bull, músico estadounidense de música folk (f.

Alexander Sandy Bull, músico estadounidense de música folk (f. 2001).

Cincy Powell, jugador estadounidense de baloncesto (f. 2023).

1942

Karen Grassle

Karen Grassle was born on February 25, 1942, in Berkeley, California. She trained at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. She worked in theater for years. Then she auditioned for a new TV show about a pioneer family. The producer, Michael Landon, saw 47 actresses for the role of Caroline Ingalls. He picked Grassle. "Little House on the Prairie" ran for nine seasons. She played the mother in bonnets and calico dresses who held a frontier family together through blizzards, crop failures, and diphtheria outbreaks. Millions of people still think of her as Ma. She spent years trying to convince casting directors she could play anything else.

1942

John Saul

John Saul was born in Pasadena, California, in 1942. He wrote his first novel, *Suffer the Children*, in three weeks on a dare from a friend. It sold. Then it kept selling. He became one of the first horror writers to consistently hit bestseller lists without critical acclaim. No awards. No literary praise. Just millions of readers who wanted to be scared. He published over 60 novels. Every single one made the *New York Times* bestseller list. He figured out something Stephen King didn't need to prove: you don't need critics if you have an audience.

1942

Gennady Samosedenko, cavalier soviétique de saut d'obstacles († 29 avril 2022).

1942

Jack Concannon

Jack Concannon was born in Boston in 1943. He'd quarterback five NFL teams over nine seasons, but nobody remembers the stats. They remember November 3, 1968. Bears versus Steelers. Concannon scrambled, got hit, fumbled forward. The ball bounced perfectly into Gale Sayers' hands at full speed. Sayers ran it in for a touchdown. The NFL changed the fumble rules because of that play. Now if you fumble forward in the final two minutes, it goes back to where you fumbled. Concannon's career highlight created the rule designed to prevent it.

1944

Matt Guokas

Matt Guokas was born in 1944 in Philadelphia. His father played in the NBA. He played in the NBA. His son played in the NBA. Three generations, same league. He won a championship with the 76ers in 1967 as a rookie. Fifteen years later, he coached the 76ers. He's the only person to win an NBA title as both a player and coach with Philadelphia. He did it in the same building. The Spectrum. They tore it down in 2010.

1944

Hippolyte Simon, évêque catholique français, archevêque de Clermont-Ferrand († 25 août 2020).

1944

Michel Jaffrennou, artiste français.

1945

Elkie Brooks

Elkie Brooks was born in Salford, England, in 1945. She started singing in clubs at 15, lying about her age. By her twenties she'd fronted Dada and Vinegar Joe — bands that should've been bigger but weren't. When Vinegar Joe split in 1974, her label told her to go solo or go home. She went solo. "Pearl's a Singer" hit the UK top ten in 1977. She became one of Britain's best-selling female artists, racking up thirteen top 75 albums. The girl who couldn't make it work in a band outsold most of the bands.

1945

Roy Saari, nadador estadounidense (f.

Roy Saari, nadador estadounidense (f. 2008).

1945

Bruno Bourg-Broc, homme politique français.

1945

Rosolino Bianchetti Boffelli, obispo católico italiano.

1945

Elkie Brooks, cantante británica.

1945

Claude Lombard, cantante belga (f.

Claude Lombard, cantante belga (f. 2021).

1945

Toshikatsu Matsuoka, político japonés (f.

Toshikatsu Matsuoka, político japonés (f. 2007).

1945

Shiva Naipaul, escritora trinitense (f.

Shiva Naipaul, escritora trinitense (f. 1985).

1945

Józef Nowara, esgrimista polaco (f.

Józef Nowara, esgrimista polaco (f. 1984).

1945

Richard French

Richard French was born in 1947 in Quebec. He became a political scientist first, teaching at Laval University, writing about federalism and language policy during the years Quebec nearly split from Canada. Then he switched sides — joined the federal government as a policy advisor, then ran for Parliament himself. Won a seat in Montreal in 1980. Served in Trudeau's cabinet during the constitutional debates. He understood both the academic theory and the backroom reality of keeping a country together. After politics, he went back to teaching, but also served on corporate boards and regulatory bodies. He'd seen how decisions actually get made. That matters when you're explaining them to students.

1947

Gudrun Scholz, deutsche Kunstwissenschaftlerin und Lehrbeauftragte

1947

Sebastián Fleitas, futbolista paraguayo (f.

Sebastián Fleitas, futbolista paraguayo (f. 2000).

1948

Danny Denzongpa

Danny Denzongpa was born in Sikkim in 1948, when it was still an independent kingdom. He grew up speaking Bhutia and Nepali. He didn't learn Hindi until he moved to Pune for film school. He became Bollywood's go-to villain for three decades—the one who could make cruelty look elegant. Directors cast him as the antagonist in over 190 films. But he never played a hero until he was 63. He said the villain roles paid better and nobody typecast you as noble. Sikkim joined India in 1975. His birthplace changed countries while he was becoming famous in it.

1948

Heliane Canepa, Schweizer Managerin

1948

Annette Leo, deutsche Historikerin, Biografin und Herausgeberin

1948

Frank Marcus Mann, deutscher Diplomat

1948

Francisco Villar García-Moreno, político español (f.

Francisco Villar García-Moreno, político español (f. 2011).

Ric Flair

Ric Flair was 'Nature Boy' Buddy Rogers before Buddy Rogers was finished with the gimmick. He borrowed the walk, the robe, the Woooo, and the figure-four leglock, then made all of it larger than the original. He was world champion sixteen times, depending on which title and which organization you count. He nearly died in a plane crash in 1975 and came back. He nearly died of heart failure in 2017 and came back. He wrestled his farewell match in 2022.

1949

Jack Handey

Jack Handey was born in San Antonio in 1949. He wrote "Deep Thoughts" for SNL — those fake philosophical musings that ran during commercial breaks. "If you ever drop your keys into a river of molten lava, let 'em go, because man, they're gone." He wrote hundreds of them. They seemed like throwaway bits. Then they became the most quoted part of the show for a decade. He'd been a struggling comedy writer for 15 years before that.

1949

Amin Maalouf

Amin Maalouf was born in Beirut to a Melkite Catholic family that spoke Arabic at home and French everywhere else. He became a journalist covering the Middle East, then fled Lebanon's civil war in 1976. His first novel, *The Crusades Through Arab Eyes*, flipped the script — told from the losing side. He writes in French about Arab history for European readers who think they know the story. He won France's top literary prize. Lebanon claimed him anyway.

César Cedeño

César Cedeño was supposed to be the next Willie Mays. Not hyperbole — actual scouts said it. He could hit for average, hit for power, steal bases, throw runners out from center field. In 1972, at 21, he hit .320 with 22 homers and 55 stolen bases. Only four players in history had done that. He made four All-Star teams by age 24. Then in December 1973, he accidentally shot and killed his 19-year-old girlfriend in a Dominican hotel room. He said the gun discharged while he was showing it to her. He paid a $100 fine. He kept playing, but something changed. He never hit .300 again.

1951

Don Quarrie

Don Quarrie was born in Kingston, Jamaica, in 1951. He ran his first race barefoot on a dirt track. By 1976, he was the fastest man in the world at 200 meters. He won Olympic gold in Montreal, silver in Munich, and held the 200m world record for three years. But here's what matters: he did it all while Jamaica had exactly one proper running track. He trained on grass, on roads, wherever he could. When he retired, he stayed home and built Jamaica's sprint program from scratch. The country that now dominates world sprinting? He's the reason why.

1951

Paulo Mendes Peixoto, bispo brasileiro.

1952

Jerry Chamberlain

Jerry Chamberlain pioneered the intersection of alternative rock and theological inquiry as a founding member of Daniel Amos and The Swirling Eddies. His intricate guitar work and production style helped define the sound of the 1980s Christian alternative scene, pushing the genre toward experimental arrangements that challenged the era's standard musical conventions.

Joey Dunlop

Joey Dunlop was born in Ballymoney, Northern Ireland, in 1952. He worked in a bar. He raced motorcycles on public roads — actual streets, stone walls inches from his elbows, speeds over 130 mph. He won the Isle of Man TT 26 times. More than anyone in history. Between races in 1999, during the Kosovo War, he drove a van of supplies to refugee camps. Five trips. He didn't tell anyone. He died racing in Estonia in 2000. A hundred thousand people lined the roads for his funeral. In Northern Ireland. During the Troubles. Both sides came.

1953

Daniel Sada, escritor y poeta mexicano (f.

Daniel Sada, escritor y poeta mexicano (f. 2011).

1953

Siegfried Anzinger, österreichischer Maler, Graphiker und Plastiker

1953

John Doe

John Doe co-founded the punk band X in Los Angeles in 1977. They played the Whisky a Go Go with the Germs and the Weirdos. Four albums between 1980 and 1985, all produced by Ray Manzarek from the Doors. Doe wrote "Los Angeles" — three chords, two minutes, still the definitive song about the city's violent sprawl. He acted in thirty films, published three books of poetry, played bass in a dozen side projects. But X was the thing. They never broke up, never sold out, never stopped. He was born in Illinois in 1953. Moved west and became LA.

1953

Kim Yeong-cheol

Kim Yeong-cheol was born in 1953 in Pohang, South Korea. He worked construction jobs and sold insurance before acting. His breakthrough came at 42, playing a gangster in a film nobody expected to succeed. He became the go-to actor for mob bosses and corrupt officials. Then he played a grandfather in a family drama. Then a detective. Then a villain again. He's been in over 100 films and dramas, switching between comedy and crime, often in the same year. South Korean audiences can't pin him down. That's why he keeps working.

1953

José María Aznar

José María Aznar was born in Madrid in 1953. His grandfather was executed by Franco's forces during the Civil War. Aznar joined Franco's party anyway. He survived an ETA car bomb in 1995 — his armored car absorbed the blast meant to kill him. Three years later, he became Prime Minister. He privatized state companies, cut unemployment in half, and sent troops to Iraq without parliamentary approval. That last decision cost his party the next election.

1953

Martin Kippenberger, pintor y artista de instalaciones alemán (f.

Martin Kippenberger, pintor y artista de instalaciones alemán (f. 1997).

1954

Michael Amon, österreichischer Schriftsteller, Dramatiker und Essayist

1954

Getúlio Costa de Oliveira, ex-futebolista brasileiro.

1954

Regina Casé, apresentadora e atriz brasileira.

1954

John Doe

John Doe defined the raw, restless sound of the Los Angeles punk scene as a founding member of the band X. His songwriting and bass work bridged the gap between aggressive rock and traditional American roots music, directly influencing the development of the alternative country genre that flourished in the decades that followed.

1954

Gerardo Pelusso

Gerardo Pelusso was born in Montevideo in 1954. He'd play 15 seasons as a midfielder, winning three Uruguayan championships with Peñarol. But his real career started after he stopped playing. As a manager, he won league titles in five different countries — Uruguay, Ecuador, Colombia, Paraguay, Bolivia. Five countries. Most coaches never win one title abroad. He did it by adapting completely to each place, learning what local players needed, refusing to import a single system. He's still coaching in his seventies. The midfielder who stayed became the manager who moved.

Regis Bonvicino, poeta brasileiro (m. 2025).

1955

Sibylle Baier, cantante y actriz alemana.

1955

Hubert Baumgartner, entrenador de fútbol y futbolista austríaco.

1955

Enric Miralles, arquitecto español (f.

Enric Miralles, arquitecto español (f. 2000).

Milan Babić, político serbio (f.

Milan Babić, político serbio (f. 2006).

Chuck Strahl was born in 1957 in New Westminster, British Columbia. He became a logger before entering politics. In Parliament, he switched parties twice — from Reform to Canadian Alliance to Conservative — each time staying with the same core group as it rebranded. He served as Minister of Indian Affairs under Harper. Then came the diagnosis: lung cancer, despite never smoking. He'd spent decades breathing sawdust in the mills. He survived it, left politics in 2011, and went back to forestry consulting.

1957

Tharman Shanmugaratnam

Tharman Shanmugaratnam was born in Singapore in 1957, when the country was still two years from independence. His father was a dockworker. He won a scholarship to the London School of Economics, then Cambridge, then Harvard. He returned to Singapore and spent 25 years in government — finance minister during the 2008 crisis, then deputy prime minister. In 2023, at 66, he ran for president in what was supposed to be a ceremonial role. He won with 70% of the vote, the largest margin in Singapore's history. The presidency had always gone to establishment figures through carefully managed elections. He ran as an independent and swept every district.

1957

Raymond McCreesh

Raymond McCreesh was born in 1957 in South Armagh, Northern Ireland. Twenty-four years later, he'd be dead in the Maze Prison, 61 days into a hunger strike. He was the second IRA member to die that spring. He'd joined at 16. By 21, he was serving 14 years for attempted murder. The strike was about prison conditions — political status, the right to wear their own clothes. Margaret Thatcher refused to negotiate. Ten men died that year. McCreesh's funeral drew 10,000 people. He was 23.

1957

Sérgio Marques

Sérgio Marques was born in 1957 in Portugal, twelve years into Salazar's dictatorship. He grew up under Estado Novo — a regime that banned opposition parties, censored newspapers, and kept Portugal isolated from Europe. The dictatorship fell when he was seventeen. Within two decades, he'd become Secretary of State for European Affairs. He negotiated Portugal's integration into the EU institutions his childhood government had spent fifty years avoiding. The kid who grew up in Europe's last fascist state helped write the rules for its democratic union.

1957

Mouna Ayoub, femme d'affaires libanaise.

1957

Régis Laspalès, humoriste et comédien français.

1957

Martin Zobel

Martin Zobel was born in 1957 in Soviet-occupied Estonia. He couldn't study what he wanted — ecology was considered suspiciously Western. He studied forestry instead, smuggling ecological concepts into his thesis. After independence, he helped establish species pool theory: why some places have more plant diversity than others. Turns out it's not just soil or climate. It's what seeds can actually reach you. Estonia went from scientific backwater to biodiversity research hub. He made that happen.

1957

1958

Kevin Gray

Kevin Gray was born in 1958 and spent most of his career doing something almost no one gets to do: he became Jean Valjean. Not once. Over 1,500 times. He played the role in Les Misérables on Broadway longer than any other actor—nine years straight, eight shows a week. He'd sing "Bring Him Home" twice on Saturdays. Same prayer, same notes, same impossible high note at the end. He said he found something new in it every single time. He died at 54, still performing. The show went on that night. Someone else sang his part.

1958

Kurt Rambis

Kurt Rambis showed up to Lakers practice in 1981 wearing thick black glasses because he'd forgotten his contacts. Pat Riley told him to keep them on. The look became his trademark — 6'8", gangly, glasses fogging up during games. He wasn't supposed to play much. He started 43 games his rookie year. Four championships with the Lakers. The glasses made him recognizable in a way his stats never would have. He was born in 1958.

1958

Jeff Fisher

Jeff Fisher was born in Culver City, California, in 1958. His father was a defensive coordinator for USC. Fisher played safety there himself, then briefly for the Bears. As a coach, he went 173-165-1 across 22 seasons. That one tie — Steelers-Bengals, 2002 — was the only NFL tie in 11 years. He made one Super Bowl, lost by one yard. His career winning percentage: .512. Exactly average. For two decades.

1958

Ally Dawson, entrenador y jugador británico-escocés de fútbol (f.

Ally Dawson, entrenador y jugador británico-escocés de fútbol (f. 2021).

Renée Borges was born in 1959 in Mumbai. She studies fig wasps — insects smaller than a grain of rice that pollinate 750 species of fig trees. Each fig species has exactly one wasp species. The wasp crawls inside the fig to lay eggs and dies there. Without that death, no pollination. Without figs, 1,200 bird and mammal species lose their primary food source. She mapped how an insect most people never see holds tropical ecosystems together.

1959

Aleksei Balabanov

Aleksei Balabanov was born in Sverdlovsk, a closed Soviet city where foreigners weren't allowed. He studied translation, worked at a factory, served in the army. He didn't make his first feature until he was 35. Brother came out in 1997 — a hitman film so bleak and specific it became the defining post-Soviet movie. No Hollywood gloss. Just St. Petersburg in winter and what people became when the system collapsed. He made seven more films before dying of a heart attack at 54. Russian critics still argue whether he documented the chaos or romanticized it.

1959

Aleksei Oktyabrinovič Balabanov, cineasta y guionista soviético-ruso (f.

Aleksei Oktyabrinovič Balabanov, cineasta y guionista soviético-ruso (f. 2013).

1959

Stefan Blöcher

Stefan Blöcher was born in 1960 in Duisburg, Germany. He became one of the best penalty corner specialists in field hockey history. West Germany won Olympic gold in 1992, and Blöcher scored the winning goal in the final against Australia. He'd been practicing that exact shot for 15 years. After reunification, he was one of the first East-West combined team members. He retired with 183 international caps and a drag-flick technique that's still taught today.

1962

Michael Stenov, österreichischer Komponist und Kirchenmusiker

1962

Foster Sylvers

Foster Sylvers recorded "Misdemeanor" at age ten. It hit #22 on the Billboard Hot 100. He was the youngest member of The Sylvers, a family group that dominated '70s soul with seven siblings on stage. His voice hadn't changed yet when he became the youngest person to have a Top 40 hit as a lead vocalist. The record stood for years. He was born in Memphis in 1962, but grew up performing in Los Angeles.

1962

Andres Siim

Andres Siim was born in Soviet-occupied Estonia in 1962, when designing buildings meant navigating censors and material shortages. He studied at the Estonian Academy of Arts during perestroika, graduated into independence, and became one of the architects who rebuilt Tallinn's identity. His firm designed the Estonian National Museum — a massive glass structure that extends from an old Soviet airfield runway, literally building forward from the occupation's concrete. The museum won the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture. He turned a symbol of Soviet military power into a space for Estonian memory.

1962

John Lanchester

John Lanchester was born in Hamburg in 1962. His father worked for a bank. His mother claimed to be ten years younger than she was. She'd invented an entire fake biography — different birthplace, different age, different past. Lanchester didn't learn the truth until she was dying. He was 45. The lie had lasted his entire life. He wrote a memoir about it called *Family Romance*. Then he wrote novels about finance, surveillance, and what people hide. Turns out growing up inside one big lie makes you very good at seeing through others.

1962

Philippe Richard, artiste français.

1962

Birgit Fischer

Birgit Fischer was born in 1962 in East Germany. She won her first Olympic gold medal at 18. Then she won seven more. Over six Olympics. Across 24 years. She competed in 1980, then every Games through 2004. She had two kids in between. She won medals in both kayak and canoe sprint. She's the youngest and oldest Olympic canoeing champion ever. And the only woman to win Olympic medals in five different decades. She retired at 42 with eight golds and four silvers.

Doug Stahl

Doug Stahl was born in 1963 and became one of the most decorated high school wrestlers in Pennsylvania history. He won four consecutive state championships at Norwin High School — a feat so rare the state had only seen it twice before. His senior year record was 44-0. He went undefeated for three straight seasons. College coaches from every major program showed up to watch him compete. He chose Clarion University, where he won two NCAA Division I championships. After graduation, he coached at his old high school. His wrestlers won 11 state titles under him. The kid who couldn't be beaten spent his career teaching others how to win.

1963

Joseph E. Duncan III

Joseph E. Duncan III was born in 1963 in Tacoma, Washington. He was first arrested for sexual assault at 16. Released. Arrested again at 17. Released again. Over three decades, he moved through the system 11 times — parole, probation, release. In 2005, he murdered a family of four in Idaho to kidnap two children. He'd been blogging about his urges for months. Police had the URL. He died in prison in 2021, brain cancer.

1963

Joseph E. Duncan III, asesino en serie estadounidense (f.

Joseph E. Duncan III, asesino en serie estadounidense (f. 2021).

1964

Michel Bechet, luxemburgischer Fußballspieler

1964

Achim Berg, deutscher Manager

1964

Andreas H. Bitesnich, österreichischer Musiker, Akt-, Porträt- und Reisefotograf

1964

Don Majkowski

Don Majkowski was born in 1964. He spent most of his career as a backup. Then in 1989, Brett Favre's predecessor threw for 4,318 yards and 27 touchdowns for the Packers. He made the Pro Bowl. Sports Illustrated put him on the cover with the headline "The Majik Man." The next year he tore a rotator cuff in the first game. He never started a full season again. Favre replaced him in 1992. Majkowski's entire prime was one season.

Veronica Webb

Veronica Webb became the first Black woman to land a major cosmetics contract when Revlon signed her in 1992. She was 27. The deal was worth millions and changed what mainstream beauty advertising looked like. Before that, she'd already walked for Chanel and Versace, appeared in *Vogue*, worked with Herb Ritts and Irving Penn. But the Revlon contract was different. It meant a Black woman's face would be in every drugstore in America, on every television during prime time, selling makeup to everyone. She didn't just break through. She made it impossible to close the door behind her.

1965

Susanna Rahkamo, ex-patinadora artística finlandesa.

1965

جان-لوك فورنيه، عالم برديات فرنسي.

1965

Carrot Top

Carrot Top was born Scott Thompson in 1965. His prop comedy seemed destined for Vegas novelty acts and college tours. Instead he turned it into a 30-year residency at the Luxor. Same show, same city, different props every night. He's estimated to own over 10,000 custom props in a warehouse. The muscle came later — he started lifting weights to handle the physical demands of throwing chairs and smashing watermelons eight shows a week. The guy everyone thought would fade after his AT&T commercials ended up outlasting the phone company.

1965

Brian Baker

Brian Baker shaped the sound of American punk by co-founding Minor Threat and later anchoring the melodic intensity of Bad Religion. His versatile guitar work bridged the gap between the raw aggression of early hardcore and the polished, anthemic style that defined 1990s skate punk, influencing generations of musicians who sought to balance speed with technical precision.

1965

Brian Baker, guitarrista y bajista estadounidense, de las bandas Minor Threat y Bad Religion.

1966

Paul Ottosson, schwedischer Tontechniker

1966

Alexis Denisof

Alexis Denisof was born in Salisbury, Maryland, in 1966. He spent three years training at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. Most American actors don't do that. It shows. He played Wesley Wyndam-Pryce across two Joss Whedon series—first as comic relief on "Buffy," then as something darker on "Angel." Same character, five seasons apart, completely different person. The British accent was fake the whole time. He's married to Alyson Hannigan, who played Willow on "Buffy." They met on set. Whedon had a habit of casting people who could handle his dialogue at speed without losing the emotion underneath.

1966

Sam Phillips

Sam Phillips was born Samantha Phillips in 1966. She became Playboy's Playmate of the Month in May 1993, then pivoted to acting—horror films, mostly. She played a vampire in *Phantasm II*. A stripper in *The Dallas Connection*. A news anchor in *Demolition Man*. But her real career was voice work: she voiced Sailor Jupiter in the English dub of *Sailor Moon*, one of the most-watched anime series in America. Millions of kids heard her voice every afternoon after school. They had no idea she'd posed for Playboy.

1966

Samson Kitur

1966

Andrew Feldman

Andrew Feldman was born in 1966 into a family that ran a successful bathroom fittings business. He met David Cameron at Oxford. They became close friends. Twenty years later, when Cameron became Prime Minister, Feldman became Conservative Party co-chairman despite never holding elected office. He was given a life peerage specifically for the role. Critics called it cronyism. Defenders said he'd raised £80 million for the party and understood modern campaigning. He left politics after Cameron resigned in 2016. The peerage stayed. He was 50 and had spent exactly six years in government, all appointed.

1967

Nick Leeson, corredor de valores, especulador, banquero, broker, entrenador de fútbol y escritor británico.

1967

Gabriele Mehl, remera alemana.

1967

Jenny Byrne, joueuse de tennis australienne.

1967

Ed Balls

Ed Balls was born in Norwich in 1967. He'd become Shadow Chancellor, the man who'd run Britain's economy if Labour won in 2015. They didn't. He lost his own seat that night — on live television, cameras catching the exact moment he realized. Five years later he was on Strictly Come Dancing doing the tango. His campaign dance to "Gangnam Style" had gone viral during the election. Twitter made Ed Balls Day a thing — every April 28th, people just tweet his name. He'd been Gordon Brown's chief economic adviser during the 2008 crash. Now he's a morning TV presenter. British politics does this to people.

1967

Andi Niessner, deutscher Filmregisseur

1967

Jonathan Freedland

Jonathan Freedland was born in 1967 in London, the son of a rabbi and a teacher. He joined The Guardian at 24 as Washington correspondent during Clinton's first term. He's been there ever since — columnist, leader writer, Saturday feature anchor. But here's what matters: he writes novels under the name Sam Bourne. Political thrillers. They've sold millions. And nobody knew for years. He kept his newspaper work and his fiction completely separate, different names, different publishers, different audiences. The Guardian's most prominent political voice was moonlighting as a bestselling thriller writer. He only went public about the pseudonym in 2006, after four novels. His colleagues had no idea.

1968

Lesley Boone

Lesley Boone was born in Los Angeles on February 25, 1968. She'd spend most of her career playing supporting roles — the best friend, the coworker, the voice of reason. She appeared in over 50 TV shows: ER, The West Wing, Grey's Anatomy. She was Marlene on Ed for four seasons, the diner waitress everyone confided in. Character actors like Boone are why ensemble shows work. They make the leads look good and the world feel real. You remember the scene but forget who delivered the line that made it land.

1968

James Blackwell, jugador estadounidense de baloncesto.

1968

Sandrine Kiberlain

Sandrine Kiberlain was born in Paris in 1968. Her mother was a costume designer. Her father was a theater director. She grew up backstage. She started acting at 14 and never stopped. By 30, she'd won two César Awards — France's Oscars. She plays women who are complicated, not likable. Difficult mothers. Unfaithful wives. Women who don't apologize. French cinema loves beautiful women who smile. Kiberlain built a career on the opposite.

Evridiki Theokleous was born in Limassol in 1968. She represented Cyprus at Eurovision four times — more than any other Cypriot artist. Never won. Came closest in 1992 with "Teriazoume," finishing eleventh. She kept going back: 1994, 2007, 2008. Each time Cyprus hoped. Each time she didn't place. But she became the voice of Cypriot pop anyway, the one who kept showing up when everyone else had given up on winning. Sometimes representation matters more than the trophy.

1968

Oumou Sangaré

Oumou Sangaré was born in Bamako in 1968. Her mother was a singer who'd fled an arranged marriage. Sangaré started performing at five to help support them. By twenty-one, she'd released an album about women's rights that sold 200,000 copies in West Africa. No marketing budget. Just cassette vendors. She sang in Wassoulou style — a sound traditionally performed only by men. Mali's government tried to ban her songs about polygamy and forced marriage. She kept singing them.

1968

Danny Crnkovich

Danny Crnkovich played 109 games for the Canterbury Bulldogs across nine seasons. He was a prop forward who debuted in 1987, the same year Canterbury won the premiership — though he didn't play in the grand final. His best season came in 1990: 19 games, consistent selection, part of a forward pack that reached the finals. He never made State of Origin. Never played for Australia. But he was exactly the kind of player every premiership team needs — reliable, durable, willing to do the work nobody notices. He retired in 1995. Born March 12, 1968, in Sydney.

1969

Paul Trimboli

Paul Trimboli was born in 1969 in Melbourne. He played 31 games for Fitzroy in the VFL between 1987 and 1990. The Lions were struggling — they'd finish last or second-to-last three of those four years. He kicked 18 goals as a forward-midfielder. Then Fitzroy delisted him. He moved to Prahran in the VFA and won their best and fairest in 1991. The team that cut him merged with Brisbane six years later and ceased to exist. He'd already moved on.

Chris Barnes was born in Topeka, Kansas, in 1970. He'd win 19 Professional Bowlers Association titles. That puts him in the top 20 all-time. But here's what set him apart: he won Player of the Year three times, and he did it in three different decades—the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. Nobody else in bowling has done that. The sport changed around him—lane conditions, ball technology, scoring patterns—and he kept winning anyway. After competing, he moved to the broadcast booth. Now he explains the game he dominated to people watching at home.

1970

Beatriz Rico, actriz y bailarina española.

1970

Ian James Walker, marinero británico.

1970

Dave Harris

Dave Harris was born in 1971 in Evanston, Illinois. He'd write songs that became hits for other artists — Shawn Colvin, Edwin McCain, Sister Hazel. But most people know his voice from morning radio. He co-hosts "The Dave Ryan Show" on KDWB in Minneapolis. Twenty-plus years on air in the same market. Same station. Same morning slot. In an industry where talent churns every two years, he stayed put. Radio lifers are rarer than hit songwriters.

Sean O'Haire

Sean O'Haire was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina, in 1971. Six-foot-six, 270 pounds, built like a comic book character. He started as a kickboxer, then moved to professional wrestling where he invented the Seanton Bomb — a backflip off the top rope while his opponent was lying flat. Physics said it shouldn't work. He did it anyway. Later he fought in mixed martial arts, winning three straight. Then he left wrestling entirely, opened a hair salon in South Carolina. He died in 2014 at 43. Nobody saw that pivot coming either.

1971

Morten Wieghorst, entrenador de fútbol y futbolista danés.

1971

Antonio Pinilla, futbolista español.

1971

Nova Peris, jugadora de hockey sobre césped, velocista y política australiana.

1971

Sean O'Haire, luchador y artista marcial mixto estadounidense (f.

Sean O'Haire, luchador y artista marcial mixto estadounidense (f. 2014).

1971

Andrea Navarra, piloto de rally italiano.

1971

Manuel Fernández Ginés, ciclista de ruta español.

1971

Christien Anholt, actor británico.

1972

Jason Byrne

Jason Byrne was born in Dublin in 1972. He started doing stand-up at 19 because he couldn't hold down a job — kept getting fired for making his coworkers laugh instead of work. His first gig paid £15. He spent £20 on beer afterward. For years he was known as "the comedian's comedian" — the one other comics would watch on their nights off. He's been nominated for the Perrier Award five times and never won. He doesn't write his sets down. He walks on stage and improvises for 90 minutes. Every show is different. He's done over 5,000 performances and claims he's never told the same joke twice.

1972

Jaak Mae

Jaak Mae was born in Soviet-occupied Estonia when the country didn't officially exist. He learned to ski in forests that belonged to Moscow. By the time he competed in his first Olympics in 1994, Estonia had been independent for three years. He carried a flag most people had never seen before. He finished 64th in the 15km cross-country. But he finished. And he did it representing a country that had been erased from maps for half a century.

Normann Stadler

Normann Stadler won Ironman Hawaii twice. Both times by destroying the bike leg. In 2004, he rode so hard he had a fifteen-minute lead off the bike. Then cramped spectacularly on the run and nearly lost it all. Two years later, he did it again — same strategy, same risk, same win. His bike splits were so fast other pros accused him of drafting. He wasn't. He was just willing to ride at a pace that would either win or make him collapse. Usually both. He was born in Germany in 1973, started as a swimmer, switched to triathlon because it had more suffering per hour.

1973

Anson Mount

Anson Mount was born in White Bluff, Tennessee, in 1973. His mother was a professional golfer. His father wrote the questions for Jeopardy! Mount grew up on a ranch, then studied nonviolent social change at Sewanee. He played a Confederate soldier in Hell on Wheels for five seasons. Then CBS cast him as Captain Pike in Star Trek: Discovery. The fans loved him so much they got him his own show. Pike was supposed to be a one-season guest role. Now he's the first character to lead two different Star Trek series.

1973

Justin Jeffre

Justin Jeffre was the fourth member of 98 Degrees. Not the lead singer. Not the frontman. The guy who filled out the harmonies. The group sold 10 million albums. "The Hardest Thing" went triple platinum. He made enough money to retire at 30. Instead he ran for mayor of Cincinnati. Twice. Lost both times. Now he's a political activist and environmental consultant. The guy who sang backup on "I Do (Cherish You)" spends his days lobbying city councils about renewable energy and campaign finance reform.

Louise Wischermann, atriz brasileira.

1974

Kevin Skinner

Kevin Skinner won America's Got Talent in 2009 singing with a borrowed guitar. He'd driven a chicken truck in Kentucky for years. Before that, he'd quit music entirely after his father died. The audition almost didn't happen — his wife convinced him to try one more time. He walked out in work boots and a flannel shirt. The judges expected comedy. He sang "If Tomorrow Never Comes" and the room went silent. A million-dollar prize to a man who'd been hauling poultry three months earlier. He recorded one album, then went back to Kentucky and mostly disappeared. Sometimes the dream is enough.

1974

Dominic Raab

Dominic Raab was born in Buckinghamshire to a Jewish Czech father who'd fled the Nazis at age six. His father died of cancer when Raab was twelve. He studied law at Oxford, then worked as a Foreign Office lawyer during the Iraq War. He helped draft Britain's detention policy at Guantanamo Bay. Years later, as Brexit Secretary, he admitted he "hadn't quite understood" how crucial the Dover-Calais crossing was for UK trade. He'd been in the job four months. He became Deputy Prime Minister in 2021. Two years later he resigned over bullying allegations — civil servants said he created a "culture of fear." He called the complaints a "witch-hunt.

1974

Freddy Fernández, entrenador de fútbol y futbolista costarricense.

1974

Divya Bharti

Divya Bharti was born in Mumbai in 1974. She dropped out of school at 14 to act. By 16, she was the highest-paid actress in Hindi cinema. She signed 14 films in a single year. Producers paid her more than established stars twice her age. She worked 16-hour days, sometimes shooting three films simultaneously. Directors loved her energy — she'd nail scenes in one take. She married a producer in secret. Seven months later, at 19, she fell from her fifth-floor apartment window. She'd completed five of those 14 films. They all became hits.

Dmitri Suur

Dmitri Suur was born in Tallinn in 1975, when Estonia was still part of the Soviet Union. He'd play for the Soviet national team as a teenager. Then the USSR collapsed. Estonia became independent in 1991. Suddenly he wasn't Russian anymore — he was Estonian. He represented Estonia in international competition, including the 2002 Olympics. One country when he learned to skate, another when he competed. He didn't move. The borders did.

Nandini Mitra, deutsche Moderatorin

1975

Patrik Müller, Schweizer Journalist

1976

Seiji Honda, futbolista japonés.

1976

Rashida Jones

Rashida Jones was born in Los Angeles in 1976 to Quincy Jones and Peggy Lipton. She went to Harvard intending to become a lawyer. Instead she wrote a musical satire about her roommate's obsession with Tupac. That roommate was Conan O'Brien's future wife. The show got her noticed. She graduated and moved straight into comedy writing. Then acting. She's written for "Toy Story 4" and starred in "Parks and Recreation." Her parents' first date was illegal in 31 states.

1977

Josh Wolff

Josh Wolff was born in Stone Mountain, Georgia, in 1977. He played striker for the US national team during an era when American forwards rarely scored in World Cups. He did — against Mexico, in 2002. Played 52 caps total, scored eight goals. After retiring, he coached Austin FC from their first season. They made the playoffs in year two. Most MLS expansion teams take five years to do that.

1977

Sarah Jezebel Deva

Sarah Jezebel Deva defined the operatic soprano aesthetic within extreme metal, lending her haunting, versatile vocals to Cradle of Filth during their most commercially successful era. Her work with Angtoria and Mystic Circle expanded the genre’s atmospheric range, proving that classical vocal techniques could smoothly anchor the aggressive, symphonic soundscapes of gothic black metal.

Jennifer Ferrin

Jennifer Ferrin was born in Lawrenceville, Georgia. She'd end up playing half the cast of "As the World Turns" — not sequentially, three different characters over seven years. Soap operas do that sometimes when an actor's good enough. She moved between daytime drama and serious theater, Lincoln Center one month, CBS the next. Most actors pick a lane. She worked both. Her stage credits include Broadway debuts most TV actors never get. Her TV work includes long arcs most stage actors can't sustain. She made neither choice look like compromise.

1980

Youssouf Hadji o Youssef Hadji, futbolista marroquí.

1980

Antonio Burks

Antonio Burks was born in Memphis in 1980. He played point guard at Memphis State, averaged 17 points his senior year, went undrafted. He spent eight seasons overseas — Italy, Greece, Turkey, Israel. Made more money than most NBA benchwarmers. Won three league championships in three different countries. Never played a single NBA game. Never stopped being introduced at Memphis alumni events as "one of the greatest Tigers ever." The NBA draft misses more than it hits.

1980

Christy Knowings

Christy Knowings was born in 1980. You don't know her name, but you've seen her work. She's built a career as a character actress—the kind who shows up in procedurals, plays the witness or the lawyer or the concerned neighbor, then disappears. It's steady work. It's anonymous work. She's appeared in over 50 television shows across two decades. Law & Order, NCIS, Grey's Anatomy. Different character each time. The industry calls them "day players." They're the reason TV feels populated by actual people instead of just stars. She's never been nominated for anything. She's probably worked more days on set than half the actors with Emmys.

Park Ji-Sung

Park Ji-sung was born in Seoul in 1981 with a hole in his heart. Doctors said he couldn't play sports. He played anyway. At 22, he had surgery to fix it. Two years later, he was starting for Manchester United. He became the first Asian player to win the Champions League. And he did it again. And again. Sir Alex Ferguson called him one of the most important players he ever coached. The kid who couldn't play sports ran more than anyone else on the pitch.

1981

Shahid Kapoor

Shahid Kapoor was born in New Delhi on February 25, 1981. His parents divorced when he was three. He grew up shuttling between his father's film sets and his mother's dance academy. At fifteen, he was a backup dancer in Bollywood music videos — the guy in the back row nobody notices. He danced behind the stars for years. Then he became one. His first lead role flopped. His second flopped. His third made him famous. Twenty years later, he's done forty films. The backup dancer never left — he still choreographs his own scenes.

1981

Pacome Assi, französischer Kickboxer

1981

Maik Wagefeld, deutscher Fußballspieler

1981

Viet Nguyen

Viet Nguyen was born conjoined to his brother Duc in 1981, joined at the chest and sharing a liver. Vietnamese doctors said separation was impossible. Their family moved to Ho Chi Minh City, where the twins learned to walk in sync, play soccer, and ride a bicycle built for their unusual balance. At six, they were flown to Tokyo. Surgeons separated them in a 16-hour operation. Viet lived 26 more years as an individual. His brother Duc is still alive. They spent more time apart than together.

Maria Kanellis

Maria Kanellis was born in Ottawa, Illinois. She answered a WWE casting call in 2004 — one of 7,000 women who tried out for their Diva Search reality show. She didn't win. WWE hired her anyway. She became a ring announcer, then a wrestler, then moved to TNA where she wrestled while seven months pregnant. Her husband Mike Bennett worked the same circuit. They'd cut promos on each other between matches. In 2017, they formed a stable called The Kingdom. She was the first woman to manage and wrestle simultaneously in Ring of Honor. She's still performing. The casting call rejection launched a 20-year career.

1982

Omar García Harfuch, policía y político mexicano.

1982

Han Ga-in, actriz surcoreana.

1982

Rocco Placentino, ex-futebolista canadense.

1982

Han Ga-in

Han Ga-in was born in 1982 and became one of South Korea's highest-paid actresses by playing characters who die tragically. Her breakout role in "Lovers in Paris" paid her $3,000 per episode. Five years later she commanded $30,000. She married actor Yeon Jung-hoon in 2005 after meeting on set, and they're still together — rare in Korean entertainment. She stepped back from acting in 2014 to focus on family. Her last major role was in "Moon Embracing the Sun," which hit 46% viewership. In South Korea, that's Super Bowl numbers.

1982

Flavia Pennetta

Flavia Pennetta was born in Brindisi, Italy, in 1982. She turned pro at 16. Spent 14 years grinding through the tour. Never won a Grand Slam. Never made a final. Then, at 33, she won the 2015 US Open. Beat her best friend, Roberta Vinci, in an all-Italian final. First Italian woman to win a major in the Open Era. She announced her retirement in the post-match interview. Walked away at the peak.

1982

Bert McCracken

Bert McCracken was born in Provo, Utah, in 1982. Mormon family. Strict household. He left at 17. Homelessness, heroin, group homes. His girlfriend died of a drug overdose while he was in rehab. He wrote about her in "Blue and Yellow," the song that got The Used signed. The label heard the demo and offered a contract within days. He was 19. The Used sold 900,000 copies of their debut album. He's been sober since 2012. The raw voice that made him famous came from screaming through withdrawal.

1982

Anton Volchenkov

Anton Volchenkov was born in Moscow in 1982. He'd become one of the NHL's most feared shot blockers — the kind of defenseman who'd throw his body in front of 100-mph slap shots without flinching. In his peak season with Ottawa, he blocked 283 shots. That's more than three per game. His teammates called him "A-Train." He broke his foot twice, his hand, his nose, lost teeth. He kept blocking shots. The math was simple: better him than the goalie. Better a broken bone than a goal. He played 13 NHL seasons. His body remembers every single shot.

Tara Wilson was born in Vancouver in 1982. She'd appear in *Supernatural*, *Smallville*, and dozens of other shows filmed in Vancouver — the city that doubles for everywhere else on TV. But her real claim to attention came from marrying Chris Noth in 2012. He played Mr. Big on *Sex and the City*. She was 30 years his junior. The tabloids had a field day. They had two sons. In 2021, multiple women accused Noth of sexual assault. Wilson stayed silent publicly. She'd built a career in an industry where being someone's wife often erases being someone.

Eduardo da Silva was born in Rio, but Croatia made him a star. He played for Arsenal when a tackle shattered his left fibula and dislocated his ankle — bone broke through skin on live TV. Doctors said he'd never play professionally again. He was back in ten months. Croatia gave him citizenship in 2002 specifically to play for their national team. He'd never lived there. He scored 29 goals for them anyway.

1983

Steven Lewington

Steven Lewington was born in Reading, England, in 1983. He'd go on to become DJ Gabriel in WWE's ECW brand, where he lasted exactly 13 matches before being released. But that's not why he matters. After WWE, he returned to the UK independent circuit and became one of the most respected technical wrestlers in Europe — the kind of performer other wrestlers study. He won the British Heavyweight Championship twice. He trained at the Hammerlock school, same place that produced William Regal. The guy WWE barely used became the guy WWE should have kept.

Lovefoxxx

Lovefoxxx — real name Luísa Matsushita — was born in Campinas, Brazil, in 1984. She'd never sung professionally when she joined CSS at 21. The band formed after meeting on an indie music forum. Their first show was in a São Paulo basement. Two years later, their song "Music Is My Hot Hot Sex" was in an iPod commercial. She performed barefoot, in homemade outfits, screaming lyrics about partying and breaking things. Critics called it disposable. It soundtracked a decade.

João Pereira

João Pereira was born in Lisbon in 1984. He'd play 420 games for Sporting CP and Valencia, win three Portuguese titles, make it to a World Cup. But what nobody saw coming: he'd become the youngest manager in Sporting's 118-year history at 40, taking over in 2024. The job lasted nine games. He won four, lost four, drew one. Sporting fired him after 33 days. Then they won the league under his replacement. He's back coaching youth teams now, which is where he started before someone decided to skip every step in between.

1984

Craig Mackail-Smith

Craig Mackail-Smith was born in Watford, England, in 1984, but he played for Scotland. His grandmother was Scottish — that's how FIFA eligibility works. He didn't score his first professional goal until he was 22. Then he couldn't stop. He scored 62 goals in three seasons at Peterborough, got them promoted twice. Brighton paid £2.5 million for him. He made his Scotland debut at 27, eight years after turning professional. Sometimes it just takes longer.

1985

Nauzet Alemán, futbolista español.

1985

Carlos Santos de Jesus, futbolista brasileño.

1985

Joakim Noah

Joakim Noah was born in New York City to a tennis champion father and a Swedish model mother. He grew up in Paris speaking French, moved back to the States for high school, and couldn't make varsity his freshman year. Four years later, he was the starting center at Florida, winning back-to-back NCAA championships. He played defense like a point guard trapped in a seven-footer's body—sprinting, diving, screaming at teammates to rotate. The Bulls made him an All-Star. He won Defensive Player of the Year in 2014, the same season he finished fourth in MVP voting. A center. Fourth in MVP voting. For defense.

1985

Benji Marshall

Benji Marshall was born in Whakatāne, New Zealand, in 1985. His parents are Māori and Samoan. At 19, playing for the Wests Tigers, he threw a pass that's still called impossible. Behind-the-back, at full speed, through two defenders, for a try in the 2005 NRL Grand Final. They won. That single play changed how the game was coached. Suddenly every kid in the backyard was trying the flick pass. He played rugby league for 19 years, then switched to rugby union at 35 and made the All Blacks. Most players pick one code and stick with it their whole career. He mastered both.

James Starks was born in Niagara Falls, New York, in 1986. He played running back for the Green Bay Packers. His best season was the one that shouldn't have happened. He'd been on injured reserve most of his rookie year. The Packers activated him for the playoffs as the sixth seed. He rushed for 123 yards in the divisional round. Then 101 in the NFC Championship. Then 52 more in Super Bowl XLV. Three playoff wins, all on the road, all with a guy who'd barely played. The Packers won it all. He was 24.

1986

Damián Steinert, futbolista argentino.

1986

Danny Saucedo

Danny Saucedo was born in Stockholm to a Swedish mother and a Bolivian father who'd fled the Pinochet regime. He was 14 when he auditioned for a Swedish talent show, made it to the finals, and lost. He kept performing. At 20, he joined E.M.D., a boy band that sold 500,000 albums in a country of 9 million people. When they split, he went solo and became bigger. He's competed in Melodifestivalen—Sweden's Eurovision qualifier—seven times. He's never won. He keeps coming back.

1986

Justin Berfield

Justin Berfield was born in Agoura Hills, California, in 1986. He started acting at five. By nine, he was a series regular on "The WB." At thirteen, he landed Reese on "Malcolm in the Middle" — the dim-witted middle brother who tortured Malcolm for seven seasons. The show ran 151 episodes. He made enough money that he retired from acting at 24. He became a producer instead. Now he runs Virgin Produced, Richard Branson's film and TV company. Most child actors go broke or disappear. He went the other direction.

Jameela Jamil

Jameela Jamil was born in London in 1986. She spent her teens mostly bedridden — a car accident at 17 broke her back, damaged her spine, left her unable to walk for a year. She taught herself to walk again. At 22, with no broadcasting experience, she became the first solo female presenter of BBC Radio 1's chart show. She'd never planned on entertainment. The accident changed everything. She's said she wouldn't have pushed herself into anything public if her body hadn't already forced her to rebuild from zero.

Eva Avila won Canadian Idol at 19. She was the youngest winner in the show's history. Her debut single went platinum in six weeks. She sang in English and Spanish, the first bilingual winner the show had crowned. Her parents had emigrated from Peru. She'd grown up in Gatineau, singing in both languages at home. The album that followed her win sold over 100,000 copies. Then Canadian Idol ended. The entire star-making machine that had launched her disappeared within three years.

1987

Justin Abdelkader

Justin Abdelkader was born in Muskegon, Michigan, in 1987. His father was a factory worker at Johnson Controls. His mother cleaned houses. He played for the Detroit Red Wings for thirteen seasons straight — same team, same city, same locker. Never traded, never waived, never bought out. In an era when NHL careers average 5.5 years and players change teams constantly, he stayed. He wasn't flashy. He averaged twelve goals a season. But he played 739 games for one franchise. In modern hockey, loyalty like that doesn't exist anymore.

1987

Mevlüt Erdinç

Mevlüt Erdinç was born in Saint-Claude, France, to Turkish parents. He played for France at youth level — under-18, under-19, under-21. Scored goals. Got called up to the senior squad. Then switched to Turkey. FIFA rules let you change if you haven't played a competitive senior match. He'd only played friendlies for France. Turkey needed strikers. He made his debut for them in 2010, scored twice against Estonia. Played in Euro 2016. France, the country that developed him, watched him score against them in a friendly. He chose ancestry over birthplace. FIFA's loophole made it legal.

1987

Andrew Poje

Andrew Poje was born in Timmins, Ontario, on February 25, 1987. He'd spend the next two decades skating with Kaitlyn Weaver in ice dance. They trained in Detroit under Marina Zoueva, the same coach who guided Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir. Poje and Weaver won three world medals and competed at two Olympics. But they never quite broke through to gold. At the 2018 PyeongChang Games, their final competition together, they finished seventh. They'd been partners for sixteen years. In ice dance, that's basically a marriage.

1987

Adrián López Rodríguez

Adrián López was born in January 1987 in Dénia, a small coastal town in Spain. He started at Valencia's academy at 14, moved up fast, then got loaned out five times before he turned 23. Most players quit. He didn't. Atlético Madrid bought him in 2011. Two years later, he scored in the Copa del Rey final to beat Real Madrid 2-1 in extra time — ending a 14-year trophy drought. That goal came in the 98th minute. He'd been on the pitch for six minutes.

Sören Ludolph was born in 1988 in what was still East Germany. Within two years, the country he was born in ceased to exist. He grew up running in unified Germany, became one of Europe's top 800-meter specialists. In 2016, he ran 1:44.99 — just under the Olympic standard. He'd qualified by hundredths of a second. At Rio, he made the semifinals. Not bad for someone whose birth certificate lists a nation that dissolved before he could walk.

Gerald McCoy was born in Oklahoma City in 1988 and became one of the most disruptive defensive tackles of his generation. Six Pro Bowls. Nine seasons with Tampa Bay where he averaged 54 tackles and 6 sacks per year from the interior — numbers most edge rushers would celebrate. But here's what separated him: he played defensive tackle at 295 pounds. Most guys at that position carry 320, 330. McCoy was faster. He'd beat offensive linemen with speed, not just power. Changed how teams thought about the position. You didn't have to be massive to dominate the trenches. You had to be quick.

1988

Tom Marshall

Tom Marshall was born in 1988 in England. He takes black-and-white photos from history and adds color to them. But not guessing — researching. He'll spend days tracking down the exact shade of a soldier's uniform or the paint color of a specific building in 1943. He cross-references military records, manufacturer specifications, survivor testimonies. The result: you see a Victorian street scene and your brain doesn't register it as "history." It registers as Tuesday. That's the point. Color closes a century of distance in seconds. Makes the past feel like it just happened, because it did — just not to us.

1988

Audrey Sedano, illustratrice, dessinatrice de bande dessinée et éditrice française.

1988

Claudia Faniello, cantante maltesa.

1988

Zou Kai, gimnasta china.

1988

Jimmy Monaghan

Jimmy Monaghan was born in 1988. He'd grow up to write songs that sound like they're being whispered in empty churches. Music for Dead Birds — the name came from a dream about playing piano to birds that had flown into windows. He performs alone mostly, just voice and piano, in small venues where you can hear people breathing. His lyrics read like poetry that accidentally became music. He's based between New York and Ireland, playing 200+ shows a year in living rooms and art galleries. The intimacy isn't a choice. It's the only way the songs work.

1988

Luca Di Matteo

Luca Di Matteo was born in Rome in 1988. He played as a midfielder for lower-tier Italian clubs—Cisco Roma, Latina, Aversa Normanna. Never made Serie A. His career peaked in Serie C, Italy's third division, where most players work second jobs. He retired at 29. You've never heard of him. Neither have most Italians. But he played professionally for eleven years, which means he beat odds most footballers never do. For every Messi, there are ten thousand Di Matteos—good enough to play, not quite good enough to be remembered.

1989

Kana Hanazawa

Kana Hanazawa was born in Tokyo in 1989. She started voice acting at fourteen. Her breakthrough came at nineteen, voicing Nadeko Sengoku in Bakemonogatari — a character whose whisper-soft delivery became instantly recognizable across anime. She's since voiced over 300 characters. But here's the thing: in Japan's voice acting industry, actors rarely cross into mainstream pop culture. Hanazawa did. She's sold out solo concerts at Nippon Budokan. Her singles chart on Billboard Japan. She's appeared in fashion magazines that typically ignore voice actors entirely. In an industry where most performers stay behind the microphone, she became the face that proved voice acting could be stardom.

Jimmer Fredette scored 52 points in a single college game. Then 49. Then 43. His senior year at BYU, he averaged 28.9 points per game — highest in the nation. He won every major player of the year award. Sacramento drafted him tenth overall. He lasted three NBA seasons. Couldn't defend, couldn't create his own shot against longer, faster players. Now he plays in China, where he's a superstar. Born March 25, 1989, in upstate New York.

1990

Alejandra Andreu

Alejandra Andreu won Miss International at 18. She'd been modeling for less than two years. The pageant was in Macau — her first time in Asia. Spain hadn't won the title in 34 years. She beat 63 contestants, including favorites from Venezuela and the Philippines. After her reign, she walked for Barcelona Fashion Week and became the face of a jewelry brand in Madrid. But she never moved to the global circuit. She stayed in Spain, worked steadily, and disappeared from international headlines within three years. Most beauty queens chase fame. She just went home.

1990

Jefferson Alves Oliveira

Jefferson Alves Oliveira was born in São Paulo in 1990. He never made it past Brazil's lower divisions. He played for six clubs in eight years, mostly in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C. His career peaked at Ferroviária, where he scored twice in seventeen appearances. He retired at 28 to coach youth teams. You've never heard of him. Neither has anyone outside São Paulo state. Most professional footballers end up here—not at the World Cup, not in Europe, but teaching teenagers how to trap a ball in a municipal league. That's what a football career actually looks like.

1990

Rafael Romo, futbolista venezolano.

1990

Quentin Serron, jugador belga de baloncesto.

1990

Kylie Palmer, nadadora australiana.

1990

Marianna Zachariadi

Marianna Zachariadi was born in Athens in 1990. She competed for Greece in pole vault at the European Under-23 Championships. She cleared 4.20 meters at her peak. In 2013, at 23, she died in a training accident when her pole snapped mid-vault. She fell from 15 feet onto concrete. Greek athletics suspended pole vault training nationwide for six months after. Her coaches had warned about equipment funding cuts for two years. She'd been using the same pole for 18 months.

1990

Félix Peña

Félix Peña was born in 1990 in Villa Riva, Dominican Republic. He didn't sign with a major league team until he was 19 — old for Dominican prospects. The Angels gave him $10,000. He bounced between the minors and majors for seven years before throwing a combined no-hitter in 2019. He got the final three outs after Ty Buttrey started. Two months later, he threw a complete game no-hitter by himself. Nobody expected either one.

Gerran Howell

Gerran Howell was born in Cardiff in 1991. At nine, he landed the lead in "Young Dracula," a British kids' show that ran for five seasons. He played the vampire prince who just wanted to be normal. The show became a cult hit across Europe. Then he disappeared from acting for nearly a decade. No explanation, no goodbye roles, just gone. He came back in 2019 for "Cursed," Netflix's Arthurian series. Between those projects? He'd been studying, traveling, living a life that wasn't scheduled by production calls. Most child actors can't stop. He did.

Dominika Kaňáková was born in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia, just two years before the country split in two. She turned pro at 16 and peaked at world No. 186 in singles. Her best result came at the 2011 French Open qualifying rounds. She won three ITF titles in her career, all on clay. By 23, chronic injuries forced her retirement. She now coaches in Brno, working with junior players who weren't alive when Czechoslovakia still existed.

1992

Joakim Nordström

Joakim Nordström was born in Stockholm in 1992. He'd win two Stanley Cups with two different teams — Chicago in 2015, Boston in 2019 — before turning 27. That's rare. What's rarer: he was a seventh-round pick, 90th overall. The NHL drafts seven rounds. Most seventh-rounders never play a single game. Nordström played over 500. He became the kind of player coaches love and fans barely notice — defensive forward, penalty kill specialist, the guy who makes everyone else better. In 2019, he had more Stanley Cup rings than career goals in the playoffs. Four rings, three goals.

Jorge Soler defected from Cuba by boat in 2011. He was 19. The Chicago Cubs signed him for $30 million without ever seeing him play in person — just grainy YouTube videos and scout reports whispered through back channels. He made his major league debut three years later. In 2021, playing for Atlanta, he became the first player in World Series history to lead off Game 1 with a home run. The boat trip took three attempts. On the third, he made it to Haiti, then the Dominican Republic, then free agency. Cuba's loss became baseball's gain, but he paid for it with eight years away from his family.

1992

Max Aaron

Max Aaron was born in Scottsdale, Arizona, in 1992. He could land a quad salchow at 15. By 2013, he was the first American man in 13 years to land two clean quads in a single competition. He won the U.S. National Championship that year. Then his back gave out. Three herniated discs. He kept skating through it, kept landing quads, kept competing. He retired at 26. His body couldn't do what his mind still wanted. He coaches now. The quad salchow he landed as a teenager is still one of the hardest jumps in the sport.

Lukáš Sedlák

Lukáš Sedlák was born in Česká Třebová, a railway town of 16,000 in the Czech Republic. He was drafted 158th overall by Columbus in 2011. That's sixth round — the round where most picks never play a single NHL game. He made it anyway. Spent parts of seven seasons with the Blue Jackets, then moved to the KHL. In 2023, he signed with Sparta Prague, the same team where Jaromír Jágr played as a teenager. Sedlák now centers their top line in a league his country invented. Sixth-round picks aren't supposed to have decade-long careers. Most don't survive their first training camp.

1993

Erick Fedde

Erick Fedde was born in Las Vegas in 1993, drafted by the Nationals in 2014, and spent six years bouncing between Triple-A and the majors with a 5.41 ERA. Washington gave up on him. He went to Korea. With the NC Dinos in 2024, he posted a 2.00 ERA across 180 innings. The White Sox signed him that winter for $15 million. He went 20-9 with a 3.11 ERA, made the All-Star team, and got traded to the Cardinals mid-season. Sometimes you don't figure it out at home.

Eugenie Bouchard

Eugenie Bouchard was born in Montreal in 1994, the same week Nancy Kerrigan was attacked. She'd reach the Wimbledon final at 20 — the first Canadian woman to make a Grand Slam singles final. Then she won six matches total over the next three years. Injuries, yes, but also lawsuits: she sued the USTA after slipping in a locker room shower, settled for undisclosed millions. Now she makes more from Instagram than tennis prize money.

Viktoriya Tomova was born in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, in 1995. She didn't turn pro until she was 17 — late by tennis standards. She spent years grinding through ITF tournaments, sometimes playing three matches in a day to earn a few hundred dollars. At 23, she was still ranked outside the top 200. Then something clicked. She won six ITF titles in two years. By 28, she'd cracked the top 50 and beaten multiple top-20 players. Bulgaria hasn't produced many elite tennis players since the 1990s. She's their highest-ranked woman in over a decade.

1995

Mario Hezonja

Isabelle Fuhrman

Isabelle Fuhrman was born in Washington, D.C., in 1997. At 10, she auditioned for a role that required her to play a 33-year-old woman pretending to be a child. She got it. Orphan became a cult horror film, and she became the kid who could make adults genuinely uncomfortable. She wore dentures and platform shoes to look younger while acting older. The role required her to understand manipulation before she'd finished elementary school.

Ismaïla Sarr, futbolista senegalés.

1998

2000

Lara Mechnig, liechtensteinische Synchronschwimmerin

2001

Mads Bidstrup, futbolista danés.

2001

Vernon Carey Jr.

Vernon Carey Jr. was born in Fort Lauderdale in 2001. His father played in the NFL for nine seasons. By eighth grade, Vernon was 6'9" and 270 pounds. Duke offered him a scholarship when he was 14. He took it. Played one season at Duke, averaged 17.8 points and 8.8 rebounds, won ACC Rookie of the Year. The Hornets drafted him 32nd overall in 2020. He was 19. Now he's bouncing between the NBA and the G League, still figuring out if size and skill are enough when everyone else is fast.

2001

Igor Jesus, futbolista brasileño.

2001

Khellven, futbolista brasileño.

2002

Maghnes Akliouche, futbolista francés.

2002

Filip Stanković, futbolista serbio.

2003

Brandin Podziemski

Brandin Podziemski was born in Milwaukee in 2003 to a Polish father and a Korean mother. He was cut from his high school varsity team as a sophomore. Two years later he was a McDonald's All-American nominee. He played one season at Illinois, transferred to Santa Clara, and averaged 19.9 points per game. The Warriors drafted him 19th overall in 2023. He started 28 games as a rookie. The kid they cut is now guarding Stephen Curry in practice.

2003

Carlota Salote Mafileʻo Pilolevu Tukuʻaho, aristócrata («princesa») tongana, miembro de la «familia real» de la isla Tonga.

Births

Wichard von Pohlheim, 40.

Wichard von Pohlheim, religioso y político alemán, 40.º obispo de Passau.

Infanta Branca of Portugal

Wenceslaus I

Wenceslao I, aristócrata («duque de Luxemburgo») luxemburgués (f.

Ludwig von Meißen, Fürstbischof von Halberstadt und Bamberg, Kurfürst-Erzbischof von Mainz und Erzbischof von Magdeburg

Ludwig von Meißen, religioso y aristócrata alemán, príncipe-obispo de Halberstadt y Bamberg, elector-arzobispo de Mag…

Xuande, aristócrata y militar («emperador») chino, quinto regente de la dinastía Ming; reinó entre 1425 y 1435 (f.

Xuande

Rennyo, maestro budista japonés.

Rennyo, japanischer buddhistischer Lehrmeister

Edward Plantagenet

Francesco di Saluzzo, aristócrata («marqués») italiano (f.

Alfonso de Ávalos, aristócrata italiano («príncipe» y «señor de Isquia y Prócida»).

Domenico Giunti, arquitecto, pintor e ingeniero italiano (f.

Giovanni Antonio Delfini, franciscano y teólogo italiano (f.

Otón de Waldburg, cardenal y obispo católico alemán (f.

Othon Truchsess de Waldbourg, théologien catholique allemand, cardinal-évêque de Palestrina († 2 avril 1573).

Gerald FitzGerald, aristócrata («11.º conde de Kildare») irlandés (f.

Gerald FitzGerald, 11e comte de Kildare († 16 novembre 1585).

Henry Howard

Henry Howard, aristócrata («1.º conde de Northampton») y cortesano inglés (f.

Sharaf Khan Bidlisi

Sharaf Jan Bidlisi, escritor, historiador, poeta y político kurdo iraní, autor del Sharafnama (libro de historia de l…

Daniel Sudermann, teólogo y escritor de himnos alemán.

Magdalena de Lippe, aristócrata («landgravina de Hesse-Darmstadt») y política alemana (f.

Edward Talbot, aristócrata («8.º conde de Shrewsbury»), político inglés (f.

Pieter van den Broecke, marin et marchand de tissu néerlandais († 1er décembre 1640).

Johannes Ardüser, Schweizer Mathematiker und Festungsingenieur

Johannes Ardüser, matemático e ingeniero de fortalezas suizo.

Friedrich Spee

Antonio da Virgoletta, misionero italiano (f.

Jean-Philippe de Saxe-Altenbourg, prince allemand de la maison de Wettin, duc de Saxe-Altenbourg († 1er avril 1639).

Gregorio Preti, pintor italiano (f.

Agostino Beltrano, pintor italiano.

Mattia Preti, pintor italiano (f.

Christian Luis de Brunswick, aristócrata («duque de Brunswick-Lüneburg») alemán (f.

Christian-Louis de Brunswick-Lunebourg, duc de Brunswick-Lunebourg († 15 mars 1665).

Giulio Broggio, arquitecto y maestro de obras de origen italiano o suizo.

Giulio Broggio, italienischer oder Schweizer Architekt und Baumeister

Claire-Clémence de Maillé, princesse de Condé († 16 avril 1694).

Francisco Erdmann, aristócrata («duque de Sajonia-Lauenburgo») y mariscal de campo imperial alemán (f.

François-Erdmann de Saxe-Lauenbourg, prince de la maison d'Ascanie († 30 juillet 1666).

Valeriano de Nassau-Usingen, aristócrata alemán (f.

Christian-François Paullini, théologien, médecin et auteur polymathe allemand († 10 juin 1712).

Ahmed II

Erdmute Sofía de Sajonia, aristócrata («princesa» y «margravina de Brandeburgo-Bayreuth»), escritora de himnos, ensay…

Erdmuthe Sophie von Sachsen, Markgräfin von Brandenburg-Bayreuth, Kirchenlieddichterin, Schriftstellerin und Historik…

Quirinus Kuhlmann, poeta y místico religioso alemán (f.

Quirinus Kuhlmann, deutscher Schriftsteller und Mystiker

Johann Philipp Krieger

André Brue, négociant et explorateur français († 20 mai 1738).

Carel de Moor, retratista neerlandés.

Béat Jacques II de Zurlauben, militaire suisse au service du royaume de France († 21 septembre 1704).

Jean-Baptiste Goiffon, médecin († 30 septembre 1730).

Anne Lennard, aristócrata («condesa de Sussex») británica.

Pierre Antoine Motteux

Peter Anthony Motteux

François de Valbelle-Tourves, homme d'Église français († 17 novembre 1727).

François-Xavier d'Entrecolles, père jésuite qui étudia et révéla en 1712 la composition et les secrets de fabrication…

Jean Louis de La Bourdonnaye, évêque français de Léon († 22 février 1745).

Gottlieb Wernsdorf el Viejo, teólogo e historiador luterano alemán.

Gottlieb Wernsdorf der Ältere, deutscher lutherischer Theologe und Historiker

Maria Margarethe Kirch

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling, jurista, erudito, historiador, abogado y filósofo alemán (f.

Johann Erhard Straßburger, deutscher Architekt des Barocks und Gothaischer Oberlandbaumeister

María Leonor de Hesse-Rotenburg, aristócrata («princesa») alemana (f.

William Tailer, englischer Kolonialbeamter und Gouverneur der Province of Massachusetts Bay

Philipp Hyazint von Lobkowicz, aristócrata checo (f.

Edelberto dalla Nave, arquitecto italiano (f.

Giovanni Battista Morgagni

Jakob Benzelius, religioso y teólogo sueco (f.

Matthias Bernhard Braun, böhmischer Bildhauer

Matthias Bernhard Braun, escultor bohemio.

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, escritor y aventurero alemán (f.

Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz

Jean-Philippe-René de La Bléterie, historien et traducteur français († 1er juin 1772).

Claude François du Verdier de La Sorinière, écrivain français d'origine angevine († 28 janvier 1784).

Panfilo Antonio Mazzara, obispo católico italiano (f.