October 14
Deaths
567 deaths recorded on October 14 throughout history
Quote of the Day
“If you want total security, go to prison. There you're fed, clothed, given medical care and so on. The only thing lacking... is freedom.”
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Antipope Dioscorus
Dioscorus was pope for 22 days in 530. Then he wasn't. Boniface II was elected by a rival faction at the same time. Dioscorus died before the church could settle it. Boniface called him an antipope. Technically, nobody knows who was right. The church went with the survivor. History belongs to whoever lives longest.
Shi Yuanzhong
Shi Yuanzhong governed a Chinese province during the Tang Dynasty and was executed after a factional power struggle. Court politics in the 9th century were lethal. Governors rose and fell with emperors. He fell. The dynasty lasted another 66 years without him.
Liupram, Erzbischof von Salzburg
Liupram, Erzbischof von Salzburg
Pang Xun
Pang Xun led a rebellion of 800 soldiers who mutinied over unpaid wages in 868. Within a year, he commanded an army of 200,000. The Tang Dynasty crushed the revolt and executed him. Rebellions in medieval China grew fast and ended violently. His lasted 14 months.
Gerloc
Gerloc was a Viking princess who converted to Christianity, married a duke, and became a Frankish noblewoman. She changed her name to Adele. She traded Norse gods for a French title. Her descendants ruled Aquitaine for generations. She erased her past and built a dynasty.
Al-Aziz Billah
Al-Aziz Billah ruled the Fatimid Caliphate from Cairo for 21 years. He married a Christian woman and appointed her brothers to high positions, including one as patriarch. He built mosques and churches side by side. When he died at 41 during a military campaign, his 11-year-old son inherited an empire stretching from Tunisia to Syria. That tolerance didn't survive him.
Enrique VII, conde de Luxenburgo y duque de Baviera (n.
Enrique VII, conde de Luxenburgo y duque de Baviera (n. 1005).
Taillefer, normannischer Barde
Taillefer, normannischer Barde
Harold Godwinson
Harold Godwinson became king in January 1066. He defeated a Norwegian invasion in the north in September, then marched his exhausted army 250 miles south in four days. An arrow hit him in the eye at Hastings. Probably. The Bayeux Mix is ambiguous. Nine months as king, two battles, one of which ended England as an Anglo-Saxon nation.
Battle of Hastings: Harold Godwinson
Harold Godwinson falls at Hastings alongside his brothers Leofwine and Gyrth, ending Anglo-Saxon rule in England. William the Conqueror seizes the throne, driving a complete overhaul of English law, language, and aristocracy that transforms the nation for centuries.
Andronikos Doukas
Andronikos Doukas commanded Byzantine armies, then betrayed Emperor Romanos IV at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, retreating and leaving the emperor to be captured. The empire never recovered. He was blinded as punishment. Byzantium fell 382 years later, but Manzikert was the beginning.
Nizam al-Mulk
Nizam al-Mulk ran the Seljuk Empire for 30 years as vizier, building madrasas across Persia and writing The Book of Government — a manual on statecraft still studied today. An assassin from the Nizari Ismaili sect stabbed him on the road near Sihna. He died from the wound days later. The order that killed him bore his name: the Nizaris were fighting his power.
Humbert II, comte de Savoie (° après 1065).
Humbert II, comte de Savoie (° après 1065).
Heinrich II.
Heinrich II. von Werl, Bischof von Paderborn
Rudolf I., Graf von Valois und Vermandois, Seneschall von Frankreich
Rudolf I., Graf von Valois und Vermandois, Seneschall von Frankreich
Henri Murdac, prélat britannique (° inconnue).
Henri Murdac, prélat britannique (° inconnue).
Ludwig II., Landgraf von Thüringen
Ludwig II., Landgraf von Thüringen
Yusuf I
Yusuf I ruled the Almohad Caliphate from Morocco to Spain, commanding an empire that stretched across North Africa. He died in 1184 after falling from his horse. Empires don't end with battles sometimes. Sometimes a horse stumbles.
Alan von Auxerre, Bischof von Auxerre
Alan von Auxerre, Bischof von Auxerre
Fernando de Castilla, infanta de Castilla (n.
Fernando de Castilla, infanta de Castilla (n. 1189).
Geoffrey Fitz Peter
Geoffrey Fitz Peter served as Chief Justiciar of England under King John, essentially running the government while the king fought wars. He died in 1213, three years before John was forced to sign Magna Carta. He kept the kingdom functioning. Someone else got the credit.
Konrad von Rodank, Bischof von Brixen
Konrad von Rodank, Bischof von Brixen
Isabella
Isabella of Angoulême married King John of England when she was 12 and he was 32. She gave him five children, outlived him, then married a French count and had nine more. She lived through the Magna Carta, two kings, and three husbands. She died at about 44.
Razia Sultana
Razia Sultana ruled the Delhi Sultanate as its only female sultan, taking the throne in 1236 after her father's death. She refused to veil herself, wore men's clothing, and led armies. Nobles rebelled. She was killed after three years. No woman ruled Delhi again for 600 years.
Elger IV.
Elger IV. zu Hohenstein, erster Prior des Eisenacher Dominikanerklosters sowie Ratgeber und Vertrauter Heinrich Raspes
Hedwige de Silésie, religieuse polonaise, sainte de l'Église catholique (° 1174).
Hedwige de Silésie, religieuse polonaise, sainte de l'Église catholique (° 1174).
Kujō Yoritsugu
Kujō Yoritsugu became shogun of Japan at age six in 1244. He was a puppet, a figurehead controlled by the Hōjō regents. He held the title for eight years, then was forced to retire. He died in 1256 at 17. He'd been the most powerful person in Japan and had controlled nothing.
Waléran IV, duc de Limbourg (° 1246).
Waléran IV, duc de Limbourg (° 1246).
Johann von Flandern, Bischof von Lüttich und Metz
Johann von Flandern, Bischof von Lüttich und Metz
Blanche d'Anjou, reine d'Aragon de 1295 à 1310 (° 1280).
Blanche d'Anjou, reine d'Aragon de 1295 à 1310 (° 1280).
Edward Bruce
Edward Bruce invaded Ireland in 1315 to become its king. He was Robert the Bruce's brother. He won battles for three years. He crowned himself king. Then he lost one battle at Faughart and died. His head was sent to England. His kingdom lasted three years. Ireland forgot him.
Peter I. von Rosenberg, Landeshauptmann in Böhmen
Peter I. von Rosenberg, Landeshauptmann in Böhmen
John de Lisle, englischer Adeliger und Militär
John de Lisle, englischer Adeliger und Militär
Ibn Nubata
Ibn Nubata was the most celebrated Arab poet of the 14th century. He wrote ornate, rhetorical verse that audiences memorized and recited. His qasidas were performed in courts from Cairo to Damascus. He died at 79 after a lifetime of public performance. His poems were meant to be heard, not read.
Henry the Mild
Henry the Mild ruled Brunswick-Lüneburg for 55 years, earning his nickname by avoiding wars. He inherited at 12, ruled until 67, and kept his duchy intact through diplomacy. Mildness was a strategy. It worked longer than conquest.
Otto IV.
Otto IV. von Hoya, Bischof von Münster
Simon von Utrecht, Hamburger Schiffshauptmann aus den Niederlanden
Simon von Utrecht, Hamburger Schiffshauptmann aus den Niederlanden
Friedrich von Sparneck, Gründer des Klosters Sparneck
Friedrich von Sparneck, Gründer des Klosters Sparneck
Margarete von Bayern, Prinzessin von Bayern-München und Markgräfin von Mantua
Margarete von Bayern, Prinzessin von Bayern-München und Markgräfin von Mantua
Otto IV., Graf von Waldeck zu Landau
Otto IV., Graf von Waldeck zu Landau
Hugues des Hazards, prélat français (° 1454).
Hugues des Hazards, prélat français (° 1454).
Garcilaso de la Vega
Garcilaso de la Vega fought in battles across Europe for Charles V. He wrote love poems between campaigns. He was wounded storming a fortress in France and died three weeks later at 33. He left behind 40 sonnets that introduced Italian Renaissance style to Spanish poetry. He barely lived long enough to finish them.
Floris van Egmond, niederländischer Staatsmann und Militär
Floris van Egmond, niederländischer Staatsmann und Militär
Matthäus von Pappenheim, deutscher Humanist, Historiker, Genealoge und Domherr
Matthäus von Pappenheim, deutscher Humanist, Historiker, Genealoge und Domherr
Johann Magenbuch, deutscher Mediziner und Leibarzt
Johann Magenbuch, deutscher Mediziner und Leibarzt
Oswald Myconius
Oswald Myconius succeeded Huldrych Zwingli as chief pastor of Basel after Zwingli died in battle. He'd been a schoolteacher before becoming a reformer, teaching at schools in Zurich and Lucerne. He translated the Bible into German alongside others. He died believing he'd merely continued what Zwingli started.
Mellin de Saint-Gelais, poète français (° vers 1491).
Mellin de Saint-Gelais, poète français (° vers 1491).
Thomas Chaloner
Thomas Chaloner was sent to Spain as a diplomat, learned Spanish, and translated Erasmus's 'Praise of Folly' into English. He also wrote poetry mocking the Catholic Church. When Mary I took the throne, he fled to Europe. Elizabeth I brought him back and made him a knight. His translation outlasted both queens.
Barbara von Heppenheim genannt vom Saal, deutsche Adelige und Äbtissin
Barbara von Heppenheim genannt vom Saal, deutsche Adelige und Äbtissin
Jacques Arcadelt
Jacques Arcadelt wrote madrigals so popular that they were still being published a century after his death. His "Il bianco e dolce cigno" was the Spotify hit of the 1540s. He worked for the Pope. He died in Paris. Nobody knows where he's buried. The music survived anyway.
Konrad Heresbach, deutscher Humanist
Konrad Heresbach, deutscher Humanist
Jos Murer, Schweizer Glasmaler, Kartograf und Dramatiker
Jos Murer, Schweizer Glasmaler, Kartograf und Dramatiker
Owen Lewis, sacerdote galês (n.
Owen Lewis, sacerdote galês (n. 1533).
Amago Yoshihisa
Amago Yoshihisa fought for 30 years to restore his clan's power, lost everything, went blind, and spent his final years as a wandering monk. He'd once controlled six provinces. He died in Kyoto with nothing. His retainers remembered him for never surrendering. Stubbornness and loyalty look the same from a distance.
Henriette de Savoie-Villars, Herzogin von Mayenne
Henriette de Savoie-Villars, Herzogin von Mayenne
Martin Brenner, Fürstbischof von Seckau
Martin Brenner, Fürstbischof von Seckau
Isaac Arnauld, intendant français (° 1566).
Isaac Arnauld, intendant français (° 1566).
Gervase Clifton
Gervase Clifton was made a baron by James I and died the same year, holding his title for months. He was a Nottinghamshire landowner who got his peerage at 48. He didn't live to enjoy it. His son inherited immediately.
Samuel Daniel
Samuel Daniel wrote masques for King James I's court. He was England's Poet Laureate. He wrote a 5,000-line poem about the Wars of the Roses. He argued with Ben Jonson about poetry. Jonson won the argument. Daniel's books went out of print. Jonson's didn't. History picks its poets carefully.
Jürgen Röttger, deutscher Steinmetz und Bildhauer
Jürgen Röttger, deutscher Steinmetz und Bildhauer
Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow was Queen of Denmark and Norway for 37 years. She gave birth to seven children who survived to adulthood, including Christian IV, who became Denmark's longest-reigning monarch. She collected astronomical instruments and funded Tycho Brahe's observatory. When she died at 74, she'd outlived her husband by 19 years and watched her son rule for three decades.
François II, duc de Lorraine (° 27 février 1572).
François II, duc de Lorraine (° 27 février 1572).
Gabriello Chiabrera
Gabriello Chiabrera tried to import Greek lyric meters into Italian poetry. He wrote 60 books. He lived to eighty-five. He was called the Italian Pindar. Nobody calls him that anymore. Nobody reads him. He spent his whole life trying to make Italian sound like ancient Greek. It didn't work.
Manuel de Tavares, compositor português (n.
Manuel de Tavares, compositor português (n. c. 1585).
Shōkadō Shōjō, japanischer Maler
Shōkadō Shōjō, japanischer Maler
Daniel Beckher der Ältere, deutscher Mediziner
Daniel Beckher der Ältere, deutscher Mediziner
Francesco I. d’Este, Herzog von Reggio, Modena
Francesco I. d’Este, Herzog von Reggio, Modena
Thomas Harrison
Thomas Harrison signed Charles I's death warrant in 1649 and helped establish the Commonwealth. He was a major general in Cromwell's New Model Army. When the monarchy was restored in 1660, he was arrested, tried, and convicted of regicide. He was hanged, drawn, and quartered on October 13th. He refused to apologize. He told the court he'd do it again. They killed him slowly for that.
Antonio Cesti
Antonio Cesti wrote 15 operas and became chapel master to Emperor Leopold I in Vienna. His opera Il pomo d'oro premiered in 1668 with 24 scene changes, flying chariots, and a budget that nearly bankrupted the imperial treasury. He died in Florence a year later. The score alone runs 400 pages.
Domenico Fiasella, italienischer Maler
Domenico Fiasella, italienischer Maler
Pierre Borel, botaniste français (° vers 1620).
Pierre Borel, botaniste français (° vers 1620).
Diego Osorio de Escobar, spanischer Bischof der katholischen Kirche und Vizekönig von Neuspanien
Diego Osorio de Escobar, spanischer Bischof der katholischen Kirche und Vizekönig von Neuspanien
Francis Glisson, britischer Arzt
Francis Glisson, britischer Arzt
Sari Süleyman Pacha, Grand Vizir de l’Empire ottoman (° vers 1627).
Sari Süleyman Pacha, Grand Vizir de l’Empire ottoman (° vers 1627).
Joachim von Sandrart, peintre et graveur allemand (° 12 mai 1606).
Joachim von Sandrart, peintre et graveur allemand (° 12 mai 1606).
Adolf Johann I., schwedischer Reichsmarschall, Herzog von Stegeborg und Pfalz-Kleeburg
Adolf Johann I., schwedischer Reichsmarschall, Herzog von Stegeborg und Pfalz-Kleeburg
Mohamed Bey El Mouradi (محمد باي المرادي), bey de Tunis (° inconnue).
Mohamed Bey El Mouradi (محمد باي المرادي), bey de Tunis (° inconnue).
Claude Bourdelin, französischer Chemiker und Apotheker
Claude Bourdelin, französischer Chemiker und Apotheker
Friedrich von Kospoth, kursächsischer Geheimer Rat und Oberaufseher der Grafschaft Mansfeld
Friedrich von Kospoth, kursächsischer Geheimer Rat und Oberaufseher der Grafschaft Mansfeld
Franz Anton, Graf von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
Franz Anton, Graf von Hohenzollern-Haigerloch
Thomas Kingo
Thomas Kingo wrote hymns for the Danish church that are still sung 300 years later. He was also the Bishop of Funen and a poet who wrote drinking songs and love ballads. The same pen, different audiences. His morning hymn 'Far, World, Farewell' is sung at Danish funerals. Sacred and profane weren't opposites to him.
Lee Seo-woo, koreanischer Philosoph, Dichter und Politiker
Lee Seo-woo, koreanischer Philosoph, Dichter und Politiker
Wilhelm, Fürst von Anhalt-Harzgerode
Wilhelm, Fürst von Anhalt-Harzgerode
Tewoflos
Emperor Tewoflos met a violent end at the hands of his political rivals, abruptly terminating his brief three-year reign. His assassination plunged the Solomonic dynasty into a period of intense instability, as competing factions scrambled to fill the power vacuum left by his sudden removal from the throne.
Arnold Houbraken, niederländischer Maler und Kunstschriftsteller
Arnold Houbraken, niederländischer Maler und Kunstschriftsteller
Jean de Palaprat, dramaturge français (° mai 1650).
Jean de Palaprat, dramaturge français (° mai 1650).
Johann Ferdinand Adam von Pernau, ornithologue autrichien (° 7 novembre 1660).
Johann Ferdinand Adam von Pernau, ornithologue autrichien (° 7 novembre 1660).
Bogislaw Bodo von Flemming, brandenburgischer Generalleutnant
Bogislaw Bodo von Flemming, brandenburgischer Generalleutnant
Pietro Pariati, italienischer Dichter und Librettist
Pietro Pariati, italienischer Dichter und Librettist
Cardin Lebret, homme politique français (° 16 octobre 1675).
Cardin Lebret, homme politique français (° 16 octobre 1675).
Olivier-François Sauvage, écrivain français (° v.
Olivier-François Sauvage, écrivain français (° v. 1665).
David Erskine, 9.
David Erskine, 9. Earl of Buchan, schottischer Adeliger und Politiker
Domenico Alberti, venezianischer Sänger und Komponist
Domenico Alberti, venezianischer Sänger und Komponist
Franz de Trenck, militaire autrichien (° 1er janvier 1711).
Franz de Trenck, militaire autrichien (° 1er janvier 1711).
James Francis Edward Keith
James Francis Edward Keith fled Scotland after the failed Jacobite rising, joined the Spanish army, then the Russian army, then the Prussian army under Frederick the Great. He fought in 50 battles across 40 years, switching sides and languages as needed. A cannonball killed him at 62 during the Seven Years' War. Mercenaries don't retire. They just stop.
Wilhelmine de Bayreuth, princesse prussienne et margravine de Bayreuth (° 3 juillet 1709).
Wilhelmine de Bayreuth, princesse prussienne et margravine de Bayreuth (° 3 juillet 1709).
Hieronymus Pez, österreichischer Benediktinermönch, Philologe und Historiker
Hieronymus Pez, österreichischer Benediktinermönch, Philologe und Historiker
Alexander David, herzoglicher braunschweigischer Hof- und Kammeragent und kaiserlicher Faktor
Alexander David, herzoglicher braunschweigischer Hof- und Kammeragent und kaiserlicher Faktor
Ernst von Apfaltern, österreichischer Jesuit und Philosoph
Ernst von Apfaltern, österreichischer Jesuit und Philosoph
Francesco Corradini, italienischer Komponist
Francesco Corradini, italienischer Komponist
František Brixi, compositeur tchèque (° 2 janvier 1732).
František Brixi, compositeur tchèque (° 2 janvier 1732).
Tobias Schramm, deutscher Instrumenten- und Orgelbauer
Tobias Schramm, deutscher Instrumenten- und Orgelbauer
Amédée François Frézier, explorateur français (° 4 juillet 1682).
Amédée François Frézier, explorateur français (° 4 juillet 1682).
Johann Georg Fischer, deutscher Orgelbauer
Johann Georg Fischer, deutscher Orgelbauer
Auguste-Marie Poullain-Duparc, homme de loi français (° 7 septembre 1703).
Auguste-Marie Poullain-Duparc, homme de loi français (° 7 septembre 1703).
William Hooper, Delegierter von North Carolina im Kontinentalkongress
William Hooper, Delegierter von North Carolina im Kontinentalkongress
Sophie Charlotte Ackermann
Sophie Charlotte Ackermann was Germany's first great actress at a time when acting was considered disreputable. She performed for 50 years, mostly playing tragic heroines. She managed her own theater company and trained dozens of actors. She died at 78, still performing. Her daughter and granddaughter became famous actresses too. She built a dynasty.
Sophie Charlotte Ackermann, deutsche Schauspielerin
Sophie Charlotte Ackermann, deutsche Schauspielerin
Johann Wendler, deutscher Buchhändler, Verleger und Stifter
Johann Wendler, deutscher Buchhändler, Verleger und Stifter
Pierre-Charles-Louis Baudin, homme politique français (° 18 décembre 1748).
Pierre-Charles-Louis Baudin, homme politique français (° 18 décembre 1748).
Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, philosophe français (° 18 janvier 1743).
Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin, philosophe français (° 18 janvier 1743).
Jacques Gamelin, französischer Maler, Zeichner, Kupferstecher und Radierer des Frühklassizismus
Jacques Gamelin, französischer Maler, Zeichner, Kupferstecher und Radierer des Frühklassizismus
Aimé Argand, físico y químico suizo (n.
Aimé Argand, físico y químico suizo (n. 1750).
Hercule III, duc de Modène (° 22 novembre 1727).
Hercule III, duc de Modène (° 22 novembre 1727).
Joseph Higonet, militaire français (° 11 décembre 1771).
Joseph Higonet, militaire français (° 11 décembre 1771).
Christian Ludwig August von Arnswaldt, kurfürstlich-braunschweig-lüneburgischer Politiker
Christian Ludwig August von Arnswaldt, kurfürstlich-braunschweig-lüneburgischer Politiker
John Philpot Curran, avocat irlandais (° 24 juillet 1750).
John Philpot Curran, avocat irlandais (° 24 juillet 1750).
Fjodor Uschakow, russischer Admiral
Fjodor Uschakow, russischer Admiral
André-Daniel Laffon de Ladebat, financier français (° 30 novembre 1746).
André-Daniel Laffon de Ladebat, financier français (° 30 novembre 1746).
Jean-Louis Pons
Jean-Louis Pons discovered 37 comets between 1801 and 1827 — more than anyone in history until the 20th century. He started as a caretaker at the Marseille Observatory, sweeping floors. He had no formal education. He just kept looking up.
Henri François Marie Charpentier, militaire français (° 23 juin 1769).
Henri François Marie Charpentier, militaire français (° 23 juin 1769).
Heinrich Meyer, Schweizer Maler und Kunstschriftsteller
Heinrich Meyer, Schweizer Maler und Kunstschriftsteller
Vincenz August Wagner, österreichischer Jurist und Hochschullehrer
Vincenz August Wagner, österreichischer Jurist und Hochschullehrer
José María Benavente, militar chileno (n.
José María Benavente, militar chileno (n. 1785).
Santos Ladrón de Cegama, militar español (n.
Santos Ladrón de Cegama, militar español (n. 1754).
Jean Le Marois, militaire et homme politique français (° 17 mars 1777).
Jean Le Marois, militaire et homme politique français (° 17 mars 1777).
Luigi Frezza, prélat italien (° 27 mai 1783).
Luigi Frezza, prélat italien (° 27 mai 1783).
Maximilian Emanuel von Lerchenfeld, deutscher Politiker
Maximilian Emanuel von Lerchenfeld, deutscher Politiker
Jan Baptiste de Jonghe, flämisch-belgischer Maler
Jan Baptiste de Jonghe, flämisch-belgischer Maler
Paul Thiébault, militar francés (n.
Paul Thiébault, militar francés (n. 1769).
Caroline Branchu, chanteuse française (° 2 novembre 1780).
Caroline Branchu, chanteuse française (° 2 novembre 1780).
Ludwig von Jenichen, preußischer Generalleutnant
Ludwig von Jenichen, preußischer Generalleutnant
Johann Kaspar Mertz, compositor y guitarrista austríaco (n.
Johann Kaspar Mertz, compositor y guitarrista austríaco (n. 1806).
Johan Christian Dahl, peintre norvégien (° 24 février 1788).
Johan Christian Dahl, peintre norvégien (° 24 février 1788).
Alfred Tonnellé, écrivain français (° 5 décembre 1831).
Alfred Tonnellé, écrivain français (° 5 décembre 1831).
Friedrich Rudolf Hasse, deutscher Theologe
Friedrich Rudolf Hasse, deutscher Theologe
Cyprian Romberg, deutscher Cellist
Cyprian Romberg, deutscher Cellist
W. O. von Horn, deutscher Schriftsteller
W. O. von Horn, deutscher Schriftsteller
Karl Twesten, deutscher Politiker und Jurist
Karl Twesten, deutscher Politiker und Jurist
Albert de Prusse, prince et militaire prussien (° 4 octobre 1809).
Albert de Prusse, prince et militaire prussien (° 4 octobre 1809).
Francis Ormand Jonathan Smith, US-amerikanischer Politiker
Francis Ormand Jonathan Smith, US-amerikanischer Politiker
Antoine Elwart, französischer Komponist, Musikpädagoge und -wissenschaftler
Antoine Elwart, französischer Komponist, Musikpädagoge und -wissenschaftler
Karl Anton Eckert, deutscher Komponist
Karl Anton Eckert, deutscher Komponist
Ferdinand Kürnberger, écrivain autrichien (° 3 juillet 1821).
Ferdinand Kürnberger, écrivain autrichien (° 3 juillet 1821).
Victorio
Victorio led Apache warriors against U.S. and Mexican forces for three years, raiding across the border, vanishing into the mountains. He fought to keep his people on their ancestral land. Mexican soldiers ambushed him at Tres Castillos, killing him and 78 warriors. He was 55. His sister Lozen survived and kept fighting. The war didn't end with him.
Casimir Davaine, médecin français (° 19 mars 1812).
Casimir Davaine, médecin français (° 19 mars 1812).
Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel, homme politique français (° 29 octobre 1805).
Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel, homme politique français (° 29 octobre 1805).
Aimé Raphaël Villedieu de Torcy, homme politique français (° 16 mars 1826).
Aimé Raphaël Villedieu de Torcy, homme politique français (° 16 mars 1826).
Ramón Allende, político y médico cirujano chileno (n.
Ramón Allende, político y médico cirujano chileno (n. 1845).
Frédéric, landgrave de Hesse-Cassel (° 26 novembre 1820).
Frédéric, landgrave de Hesse-Cassel (° 26 novembre 1820).
Heinrich Wilhelm Neumann, deutscher Psychiater
Heinrich Wilhelm Neumann, deutscher Psychiater
Thomas Davidson, paléontologue britannique (° 17 mai 1817).
Thomas Davidson, paléontologue britannique (° 17 mai 1817).
Augustin Feyen-Perrin, peintre français (° 12 avril 1826).
Augustin Feyen-Perrin, peintre français (° 12 avril 1826).
Julius Jolly, deutscher Politiker
Julius Jolly, deutscher Politiker
Louis Chaumontel, homme politique et avocat français (° 2 octobre 1828).
Louis Chaumontel, homme politique et avocat français (° 2 octobre 1828).
Peter Nicolai Arbo, norwegischer Maler
Peter Nicolai Arbo, norwegischer Maler
Camille Margaine, homme politique français (° 4 septembre 1829).
Camille Margaine, homme politique français (° 4 septembre 1829).
Robert Kingsford, footballeur anglais (° 23 décembre 1849).
Robert Kingsford, footballeur anglais (° 23 décembre 1849).
Italo Campanini, italienischer Opernsänger
Italo Campanini, italienischer Opernsänger
Hermann Manz, deutscher Verleger, Buch- und Kunsthändler
Hermann Manz, deutscher Verleger, Buch- und Kunsthändler
Anatole Guindey, homme politique français (° 16 janvier 1834).
Anatole Guindey, homme politique français (° 16 janvier 1834).
Manuel Rojas, revolucionario venezolano-puertorriqueño (n.
Manuel Rojas, revolucionario venezolano-puertorriqueño (n. 1831).
Ernst-Arved Senft, Schweizer evangelischer Geistlicher und Bischof der Evangelischen Brüder-Unität
Ernst-Arved Senft, Schweizer evangelischer Geistlicher und Bischof der Evangelischen Brüder-Unität
Titus Dunka, militar e ingeniero rumano (n.
Titus Dunka, militar e ingeniero rumano (n. 1845).
John Thomas, fotógrafo británico (n.
John Thomas, fotógrafo británico (n. 1838).
Paul Christoph Hennings, botánico alemán (n.
Paul Christoph Hennings, botánico alemán (n. 1841).
Gottfred Matthison-Hansen, dänischer Komponist
Gottfred Matthison-Hansen, dänischer Komponist
John Prentiss Poe, magistrat américain (° 22 août 1836).
John Prentiss Poe, magistrat américain (° 22 août 1836).
Rudolf Lindau, deutscher Schriftsteller und Diplomat
Rudolf Lindau, deutscher Schriftsteller und Diplomat
John Marshall Harlan
John Marshall Harlan was the sole dissenter in Plessy v. Ferguson, writing in 1896 that "our Constitution is color-blind." The other eight justices upheld segregation. His dissent was ignored for 58 years. Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 finally adopted his reasoning. He died in 1911, never knowing he'd been right. His words outlasted the majority opinion by decades.
Hans Schmid, Schweizer Flugpionier
Hans Schmid, Schweizer Flugpionier
Norbert Hanrieder, österreichischer Mundartdichter
Norbert Hanrieder, österreichischer Mundartdichter
Ferdinand Rüegg, Bischof von St. Gallen
Ferdinand Rüegg, Bischof von St. Gallen
Alfonso Caparroso Santamaría, militar y revolucionario mexicano (n.
Alfonso Caparroso Santamaría, militar y revolucionario mexicano (n. 1877).
Manuel de Melo Cardoso Barata, político brasileiro (n.
Manuel de Melo Cardoso Barata, político brasileiro (n. 1841).
Henry Bocage, dramaturge français (° 1835).
Henry Bocage, dramaturge français (° 1835).
Robert von Diessbach, Schweizer Jurist, Heimatforscher und Tierschützer
Robert von Diessbach, Schweizer Jurist, Heimatforscher und Tierschützer
Mohamed Gherainia, militaire algérien (° 5 juillet 1891).
Mohamed Gherainia, militaire algérien (° 5 juillet 1891).
Ludwig Strakosch, österreichischer Opernsänger
Ludwig Strakosch, österreichischer Opernsänger
Simon Hugh Holmes, homme politique canadien (° 30 juillet 1831).
Simon Hugh Holmes, homme politique canadien (° 30 juillet 1831).
Georges Veillat, haut fonctionnaire français (° 1er juin 1862).
Georges Veillat, haut fonctionnaire français (° 1er juin 1862).
Ángel Villoldo, músico y compositor de tango argentino (n.
Ángel Villoldo, músico y compositor de tango argentino (n. 1861).
George Elbridge Whiting, US-amerikanischer Komponist und Organist
George Elbridge Whiting, US-amerikanischer Komponist und Organist
Marcellus Emants
Marcellus Emants wrote novels about miserable marriages and existential dread decades before it was fashionable. Dutch critics ignored him. He moved to Switzerland, kept writing, died in 1923 at 75. Twenty years later, existentialism became the dominant literary movement. He'd been early. Nobody noticed.
Helen Smith Woodruff, US-amerikanische Schriftstellerin
Helen Smith Woodruff, US-amerikanische Schriftstellerin
Samuel M. Ralston, político estadunidense (n.
Samuel M. Ralston, político estadunidense (n. 1857).
Eugen Sandow, Begründer des modernen Bodybuildings
Eugen Sandow, Begründer des modernen Bodybuildings
Eero Erkko, finnischer Journalist und Politiker
Eero Erkko, finnischer Journalist und Politiker
Heinrich XXIV., Fürst Reuß zu Greiz
Heinrich XXIV., Fürst Reuß zu Greiz
Henri Berger
Henri Berger composed 'Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī,' which became Hawaii's state anthem. He arrived from Germany in 1872 to lead the Royal Hawaiian Band under King Kalākaua. He spent 43 years in Honolulu, blending European marches with Hawaiian melodies. What he left was a sound that became a nation's voice.
Irene Alba, actriz española (n.
Irene Alba, actriz española (n. 1873).
Samuel van Houten
Samuel van Houten wrote the law that banned child labor in the Netherlands. Children under 12 could no longer work in factories. It passed in 1874. He was a liberal politician who believed the state should protect the vulnerable. The law was called the Van Houten Act. It's still taught in Dutch schools. One law, 150 years later, still carries his name.
Mabel Loomis Todd, escritora estadounidense (n.
Mabel Loomis Todd, escritora estadounidense (n. 1856).
Napoléon Louis Joseph Jérôme Bonaparte, militaire français (° 16 juillet 1864).
Napoléon Louis Joseph Jérôme Bonaparte, militaire français (° 16 juillet 1864).
Mikhaïl Matiouchine (Михаил Васильевич Матюшин), peintre russe (° 1861).
Mikhaïl Matiouchine (Михаил Васильевич Матюшин), peintre russe (° 1861).
Marie Lang, österreichische Frauenrechtlerin
Marie Lang, österreichische Frauenrechtlerin
Leonid Sobinow, russischer Opernsänger
Leonid Sobinow, russischer Opernsänger
John W. Glenister, éditeur de pulps magazines et de comics américain (° 11 janvier 1874).
John W. Glenister, éditeur de pulps magazines et de comics américain (° 11 janvier 1874).
John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt, etnólogo y antropólogo iroqués (n.
John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt, etnólogo y antropólogo iroqués (n. 1859).
Mysterious Billy Smith (Amos M. Smith dit), boxeur canadien (° 15 mai 1871).
Mysterious Billy Smith (Amos M. Smith dit), boxeur canadien (° 15 mai 1871).
Robert de La Vaissière, écrivain français (° 20 mars 1880).
Robert de La Vaissière, écrivain français (° 20 mars 1880).
Victor Judet, homme politique français (° 30 avril 1871).
Victor Judet, homme politique français (° 30 avril 1871).
Friedrich Simon Archenhold, deutscher Astronom
Friedrich Simon Archenhold, deutscher Astronom
Polaire, französische Chansonnière und Schauspielerin
Polaire, französische Chansonnière und Schauspielerin
Diana Karenne, actrice ukrainienne (° 1888).
Diana Karenne, actrice ukrainienne (° 1888).
Arthur Holitscher, Schriftsteller
Arthur Holitscher, Schriftsteller
Hjalmar Söderberg, écrivain suédois (° 2 juillet 1869).
Hjalmar Söderberg, écrivain suédois (° 2 juillet 1869).
Noboru Yamaguchi
Noboru Yamaguchi founded the Yamaguchi-gumi, Japan's largest yakuza syndicate, in 1915. He ran it until his death in 1942. The organization still exists, 80 years later, with over 8,000 members. He built a criminal empire that outlasted the empire he lived under.
Johann Niemann
Johann Niemann was the deputy commandant of Sobibór extermination camp. He killed thousands. On October 14, 1943, prisoners lured him into a storage shed and killed him with an axe. His death triggered the Sobibór uprising. 300 prisoners escaped. Half survived the war. He was murdered by the people he was murdering.
Thomas James « Jimmy » Matthews, joueur de cricket australien (° 3 avril 1884).
Thomas James « Jimmy » Matthews, joueur de cricket australien (° 3 avril 1884).
Sobibór uprising: Rudolf Beckmann
Three German officers died during the Sobibór uprising when Jewish prisoners launched a desperate revolt against their captors. Rudolf Beckmann, Siegfried Graetschus, and Johann Niemann fell in the fighting that killed over fifty SS men and guards before escaping prisoners fled into the forest. This violent breach shattered the camp's illusion of total control and proved organized resistance could strike back at the machinery of extermination.
Siegfried Graetschus
Siegfried Graetschus was an SS officer at Sobibór death camp. He was killed during the prisoner uprising in October 1943. An inmate stabbed him to death with an axe. He was 27. The uprising succeeded. 300 prisoners escaped. Half survived the war. His death helped make that possible.
Ioseb Iremashvili, político y escritor soviético (n.
Ioseb Iremashvili, político y escritor soviético (n. 1878).
Ludwig Frankenthal, deutscher Chirurg
Ludwig Frankenthal, deutscher Chirurg
Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel commanded the Afrika Korps against British forces across North Africa and earned a reputation for fighting by the rules — not executing prisoners, following the Geneva Convention, treating opponents as professionals rather than enemies. That reputation, largely accurate, made him useful to the postwar West German military as a model of honorable soldiering. He was implicated in the July 20 plot to kill Hitler. The Nazis gave him a choice: a public trial for treason, or suicide and a state funeral. He chose the funeral, on October 14, 1944.
Karl Hayd, österreichischer Maler und Grafiker
Karl Hayd, österreichischer Maler und Grafiker
Jean Charles-Brun, félibre français (° 29 décembre 1870).
Jean Charles-Brun, félibre français (° 29 décembre 1870).
André Liminana, footballeur français (° 25 mai 1899).
André Liminana, footballeur français (° 25 mai 1899).
Dale Fuller, actriz estadounidense (n.
Dale Fuller, actriz estadounidense (n. 1885).
Fritz Leiber, acteur américain (° 31 janvier 1882).
Fritz Leiber, acteur américain (° 31 janvier 1882).
Karl Adrian, österreichischer Heimatforscher
Karl Adrian, österreichischer Heimatforscher
Aaro Pajari, militar finlandés (n.
Aaro Pajari, militar finlandés (n. 1897).
António Maria da Silva, portugiesischer Ministerpräsident
António Maria da Silva, portugiesischer Ministerpräsident
Hermann Graf von Attems-Heiligenkreuz, österreichischer Politiker
Hermann Graf von Attems-Heiligenkreuz, österreichischer Politiker
Émile Sarrade
Émile Sarrade secured his place in Olympic history by winning a gold medal in tug of war at the 1900 Paris Games. Beyond his strength on the rope, he helped define the early amateur era of French rugby as a formidable forward. His death in 1953 closed the chapter on a generation of multi-sport athletes who dominated the turn-of-the-century international stage.
Kyuichi Tokuda
Kyuichi Tokuda rebuilt Japan's Communist Party from prison. He served five years under the Peace Preservation Law. He was arrested again in 1945. After the war, he won a seat in parliament. Then the Americans banned him during the Red Purge. He fled to China. He died in Beijing, still writing pamphlets. Japan never let him back.
Noëlle Roger, femme de lettres suisse (° 25 septembre 1874).
Noëlle Roger, femme de lettres suisse (° 25 septembre 1874).
Émile Sarrade, jogador de rugby e competidor de cabo de guerra francês (n.
Émile Sarrade, jogador de rugby e competidor de cabo de guerra francês (n. 1877).
Henry Marx, französischer Schriftsteller
Henry Marx, französischer Schriftsteller
Charles Frey, homme politique français (° 26 février 1888).
Charles Frey, homme politique français (° 26 février 1888).
Jules Richard, mathématicien français (° 12 août 1862).
Jules Richard, mathématicien français (° 12 août 1862).
Benno Georg Eduard Wilhelm Joachim von Arent, deutscher Architekt
Benno Georg Eduard Wilhelm Joachim von Arent, deutscher Architekt
Jehanne d'Alcy, actrice française, veuve de Georges Méliès (° 20 mars 1865).
Jehanne d'Alcy, actrice française, veuve de Georges Méliès (° 20 mars 1865).
Owen Davis, scénariste américain (° 29 janvier 1874).
Owen Davis, scénariste américain (° 29 janvier 1874).
Raymond Renefer (Jean-Constant-Raymond Fontanet dit), dessinateur et peintre français (° 2 juin 1879).
Raymond Renefer (Jean-Constant-Raymond Fontanet dit), dessinateur et peintre français (° 2 juin 1879).
Natanael Berg, schwedischer Komponist
Natanael Berg, schwedischer Komponist
Douglas Mawson
Douglas Mawson led an Antarctic expedition in 1912 that killed his two companions. He survived alone for a month, walking 100 miles back to base while suffering from starvation and vitamin A poisoning. His skin fell off in sheets. He made it. He led another expedition in 1929 and claimed 42% of Antarctica for Australia. He died in 1958. The territory is still called Mawson Coast.
James A. Cobb, abogado, juez y activista por los derechos civiles estadounidense (n.
James A. Cobb, abogado, juez y activista por los derechos civiles estadounidense (n. 1876).
Nikolay Zabolotsky
Nikolay Zabolotsky spent six years in a Siberian labor camp for writing poems the state didn't like. He translated Georgian verse to survive. He came back and wrote about nature, horses, the sky. Nothing political. Nothing dangerous. He died of a heart attack at 55. His poems are still taught in Russian schools, carefully.
Karl Scharrer, österreichischer Agrikulturchemiker
Karl Scharrer, österreichischer Agrikulturchemiker
Jack Davey
Jack Davey hosted Australian radio quiz shows for 25 years. His program *Pick a Box* drew audiences of two million in a country of eight million people. He gave away thousands of pounds in prizes every week. He died of a heart attack at 52 while still on air. A quarter of Australia listened to him.
Alcide Delmont, homme politique français (° 2 octobre 1874).
Alcide Delmont, homme politique français (° 2 octobre 1874).
Phetsarath Rattanavongsa, prince et homme politique laotien (° 19 janvier 1890).
Phetsarath Rattanavongsa, prince et homme politique laotien (° 19 janvier 1890).
Heinz Meyer, deutscher Politiker
Heinz Meyer, deutscher Politiker
Errol Flynn
Errol Flynn died in Vancouver at 50, getting up from a couch to meet a buyer for his yacht. Massive heart attack. The coroner said his body resembled that of a 75-year-old. He'd drunk and drugged his way through two decades of stardom. His last words: "I've had a hell of a lot of fun and I've enjoyed every minute of it." The autopsy confirmed that.
Abram Ioffe
Abram Ioffe discovered the photoelectric effect in semiconductors. He trained an entire generation of Soviet physicists. His students won three Nobel Prizes. He won none. Stalin's government accused him of cosmopolitanism in 1950. He lost his position. He died ten years later. His students remembered. The state didn't.
Sigurd Hoel, écrivain norvégien (° 14 décembre 1890).
Sigurd Hoel, écrivain norvégien (° 14 décembre 1890).
Jean Nabert, philosophe français (° 27 juin 1881).
Jean Nabert, philosophe français (° 27 juin 1881).
Paul Ramadier
Paul Ramadier was France's first prime minister under the Fourth Republic. He lasted 11 months. He expelled Communist ministers from his government, breaking the postwar coalition. France would have 21 prime ministers in the next 12 years. He set the pattern: short terms, impossible coalitions, constant collapse.
Harriet Shaw Weaver
Harriet Shaw Weaver bankrolled James Joyce for over 20 years, funding 'Ulysses' and 'Finnegans Wake' with her inheritance. She gave him tens of thousands of pounds. She never married, never sought recognition. Joyce dedicated 'Ulysses' to her. She made modernism possible with her checkbook.
Jacques Majorelle, peintre français (° 7 mars 1886).
Jacques Majorelle, peintre français (° 7 mars 1886).
Mauricio Cravotto, arquitecto uruguayo (n.
Mauricio Cravotto, arquitecto uruguayo (n. 1893).
Pedro Coronado Arrascue, educador peruano (n.
Pedro Coronado Arrascue, educador peruano (n. 1917).
Horst Platen, deutscher Komponist, Dirigent und Theaterintendant, sowie Sendeleiter des NORAG-Nebensenders Hannover
Horst Platen, deutscher Komponist, Dirigent und Theaterintendant, sowie Sendeleiter des NORAG-Nebensenders Hannover
Carlos Lillo, chilenischer Boxer
Carlos Lillo, chilenischer Boxer
Jane Stick, chanteuse et comédienne française (° 10 avril 1890)
Jane Stick, chanteuse et comédienne française (° 10 avril 1890)
« Bienvenida » (Manuel Mejías y Rapela dit), matador espagnol (° 1er septembre 1884).
« Bienvenida » (Manuel Mejías y Rapela dit), matador espagnol (° 1er septembre 1884).
William Hogenson
William Hogenson won a silver medal in the 4x400 meter relay at the 1904 Olympics. He ran for the Chicago Athletic Association. He was 20. He never competed in another Olympics. He became a lawyer and lived to 81. The medal sat in a drawer for 60 years. Most Olympic medals do.
Burt Balaban, réalisateur américain (° 6 mars 1922).
Burt Balaban, réalisateur américain (° 6 mars 1922).
Randall Jarrell
Randall Jarrell wrote poetry about bomber crews, translated Chekhov, taught at women's colleges. He was hit by a car on a dark highway in 1965, walking alone at dusk. The death was ruled accidental. His friends suspected suicide. He was 51, depressed, recently hospitalized. The car settled what the poems couldn't.
Tina Pérez, militante comunista española (n.
Tina Pérez, militante comunista española (n. 1929).
Vicente Rojo Lluch, general español (n.
Vicente Rojo Lluch, general español (n. 1894).
Antonin Berval (Antonin Pasteur dit), acteur français (° 12 décembre 1891).
Antonin Berval (Antonin Pasteur dit), acteur français (° 12 décembre 1891).
Arthur Folwell
Arthur Folwell played rugby league in England, moved to Australia, played there, then coached and administered the sport for decades. He crossed hemispheres for a game. Rugby league was his entire life, on three continents. He died at 62, still in the sport.
George Carstairs
George Carstairs played rugby league in Australia in the 1920s, then lived another 46 years in obscurity. He was a forward in an era before television, before fame. He played, retired, and disappeared. Most athletes do.
Federico de Onís, profesor, filólogo, crítico literario e hispanista español (n.
Federico de Onís, profesor, filólogo, crítico literario e hispanista español (n. 1885).
Marcel Aymé
Marcel Aymé wrote a story about a man who could walk through walls. The man got stuck halfway through one. The story became famous. Aymé wrote twenty novels. He collaborated with Vichy France during the war. He was never punished. He kept writing. The wall story is all anyone remembers.
Claire Sainte-Soline (Nelly Fouillet dite), femme de lettres française jurée du prix Femina (° 18 septembre 1891).
Claire Sainte-Soline (Nelly Fouillet dite), femme de lettres française jurée du prix Femina (° 18 septembre 1891).
Bert Gunther, niederländischer Ruderer
Bert Gunther, niederländischer Ruderer
Haguroyama Masaji
Haguroyama Masaji won 7 sumo championships and retired as yokozuna in 1953. He holds the record for most consecutive wins without a loss — 69 matches over two years. Nobody's come close since. He was 5'9" and 260 pounds, small for sumo. He just didn't lose.
Achille-Armand Fould, homme politique français (° 19 septembre 1890).
Achille-Armand Fould, homme politique français (° 19 septembre 1890).
Hans Mühlenfeld, deutscher Botschafter
Hans Mühlenfeld, deutscher Botschafter
August Sang
August Sang translated The Waste Land into Estonian while Soviet censors were banning Eliot. He smuggled modernism into a language under siege, wrote his own poems in secret. He died in 1969 at 55, having spent 25 years translating writers his government called decadent. His Estonia never got to thank him.
Jeanne Burgues-Brun, poétesse et romancière française (° 10 février 1886).
Jeanne Burgues-Brun, poétesse et romancière française (° 10 février 1886).
Mavis Wheeler
Mavis Wheeler shot her lover in 1932 with a revolver she'd borrowed from a friend. She said it was an accident. The jury believed her. She modeled for Augustus John and Jacob Epstein, lived in Chelsea, drank too much. She painted watercolors nobody wanted. She died alone at 62. The gun was never returned.
Maria Elisabeth Ammann, deutsche Wohlfahrtspflegerin
Maria Elisabeth Ammann, deutsche Wohlfahrtspflegerin
Paula Shay, actriz, escritora y artista estadounidense (n.
Paula Shay, actriz, escritora y artista estadounidense (n. 1893).
Joseph Kaminski, aus der Ukraine gebürtiger polnisch-israelischer Komponist und Violinist
Joseph Kaminski, aus der Ukraine gebürtiger polnisch-israelischer Komponist und Violinist
Georges Brunschvig, abogado suizo (n.
Georges Brunschvig, abogado suizo (n. 1908).
Ahmed Hamdi
Ahmed Hamdi designed the tunnel under the Suez Canal that still bears his name. He was an Egyptian engineer and general. He was killed on the first day of the Yom Kippur War in 1973, inspecting the front lines. He was 44. The tunnel he built is still the main crossing point under the canal. Millions of people use it without knowing his name.
Edmund A. Chester
Edmund Chester built CBS's Latin American network during World War II, broadcasting U.S. propaganda across the hemisphere. He hired reporters in 18 countries and launched 'La Cadena de las Américas.' After the war, he wrote about broadcasting and diplomacy. He turned radio into foreign policy.
Edith Evans
Edith Evans was made a Dame at 58 and kept acting for 30 more years. She played Lady Bracknell in 'The Importance of Being Earnest' so definitively that her reading of 'A handbag?' became the standard. She never married. She said the stage was enough. She did 150 films and plays. It was.
سليمان النابلسي، سياسي ورئيس وزارء أردني
سليمان النابلسي، سياسي ورئيس وزارء أردني
Alexander Chwylja, sowjetischer Schauspieler
Alexander Chwylja, sowjetischer Schauspieler
Bing Crosby
Bing Crosby sold 500 million records. The number is so large it's hard to process. 'White Christmas' alone sold fifty million — the best-selling single in history for most of the twentieth century. He was the dominant popular entertainer of the 1930s and 40s, simultaneously a radio star, recording artist, and film actor. He won an Academy Award for Going My Way in 1944. He died of a heart attack on a golf course near Madrid in October 1977, having just finished a round and told his partners it was a great game.
Bolesław Filipiak, cardinal polonais (° 1er septembre 1901).
Bolesław Filipiak, cardinal polonais (° 1er septembre 1901).
Vladimir Mikhaïlovitch Miassichtchev (Владимир Михайлович Мясищев), ingénieur russe (° 11 octobre 1902).
Vladimir Mikhaïlovitch Miassichtchev (Владимир Михайлович Мясищев), ingénieur russe (° 11 octobre 1902).
Onorato Damen, homme politique italien (° 4 décembre 1893).
Onorato Damen, homme politique italien (° 4 décembre 1893).
Arthur Mendel, US-amerikanischer Chordirigent, Musikwissenschaftler und -pädagoge
Arthur Mendel, US-amerikanischer Chordirigent, Musikwissenschaftler und -pädagoge
Louis Guilloux, écrivain français (° 15 janvier 1899).
Louis Guilloux, écrivain français (° 15 janvier 1899).
Oscar Alemán, guitarrista y compositor argentino (n.
Oscar Alemán, guitarrista y compositor argentino (n. 1909).
Mary O'Hara, femme de lettres américaine (° 10 juillet 1885).
Mary O'Hara, femme de lettres américaine (° 10 juillet 1885).
Jean-François Adam (Jean François Albert Hermant Abraham-Adam dit), acteur français (° 14 février 1938).
Jean-François Adam (Jean François Albert Hermant Abraham-Adam dit), acteur français (° 14 février 1938).
Elsa Scholten, deutsche Schauspielerin
Elsa Scholten, deutsche Schauspielerin
Otto von Porat, boxeur norvégien (° 29 septembre 1903).
Otto von Porat, boxeur norvégien (° 29 septembre 1903).
Víctor Ruiz Iriarte, escritor español (n.
Víctor Ruiz Iriarte, escritor español (n. 1912).
Edward Flynn, boxeur américain (° 25 octobre 1909).
Edward Flynn, boxeur américain (° 25 octobre 1909).
Louis Rougier
Louis Rougier attended meetings of the Vienna Circle in the 1930s, then went home to France and wrote that logical positivism was too rigid. He argued for philosophical pluralism. He negotiated secretly with Churchill in 1940 on behalf of Vichy France. The talks failed. His reputation never recovered. His books stayed in print anyway.
Gerhard Kreyssig, deutscher Politiker
Gerhard Kreyssig, deutscher Politiker
Marcel Waline, universitaire et académicien français ès sciences morales et politiques (° 1er octobre 1900).
Marcel Waline, universitaire et académicien français ès sciences morales et politiques (° 1er octobre 1900).
Willard Price
Willard Price wrote 14 'Adventure' novels featuring Hal and Roger Hunt, brothers who captured wild animals for zoos. He'd actually worked as a naturalist and traveled to 148 countries. The books sold millions, teaching kids about wildlife through fiction. He made conservation an adventure story.
Johannes O.
Johannes O. was a Dutch doctor who poisoned five patients with morphine. He was convicted in 1961 and sentenced to 18 years. He served 12. He was released, moved to a small town, and lived quietly for 20 years. His full name was never published to protect his family. He died in obscurity. The anonymity was the point.
Jesús de la Rosa Luque, cantante español, de la banda Triana (n.
Jesús de la Rosa Luque, cantante español, de la banda Triana (n. 1948).
Paul Fix, acteur et scénariste américain (° 13 mars 1901).
Paul Fix, acteur et scénariste américain (° 13 mars 1901).
Richard Attlesey, US-amerikanischer Hürdenläufer
Richard Attlesey, US-amerikanischer Hürdenläufer
Martin Ryle
Martin Ryle built radio telescopes that could see farther into space than optical telescopes. He mapped radio sources across the sky in the 1950s. His surveys found quasars. He shared the Nobel in Physics in 1974 — the first astronomer to win it. He opposed the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. He thought broadcasting Earth's location was dangerous. He died in 1984. We're still broadcasting.
Harry Friedauer, deutscher Schauspieler und Operettensänger
Harry Friedauer, deutscher Schauspieler und Operettensänger
Emil Gilels
Emil Gilels had hands so powerful he could make a Steinway sound like thunder. He was the first Soviet artist allowed to tour America during the Cold War. He played Carnegie Hall in 1955. The audience stood for 20 minutes. He recorded the Beethoven sonatas but died before finishing. Twenty-seven of thirty-two.
Bilal Xhaferr Xhaferri, albanischer Schriftsteller und Publizist
Bilal Xhaferr Xhaferri, albanischer Schriftsteller und Publizist
Takahiko Yamanouchi
Takahiko Yamanouchi studied cosmic rays at 3,000 meters altitude in the Japanese Alps during the 1930s. He measured muon decay rates and helped prove Einstein's time dilation experimentally. After the war, he rebuilt Japanese physics from scratch, training hundreds of graduate students. He published his last paper on elementary particles at age 82, two years before his death.
Keenan Wynn
Keenan Wynn appeared in over 200 films. His father was Ed Wynn. His son is Ned Wynn. Three generations of actors. Keenan was in Dr. Strangelove, Nashville, The Absent-Minded Professor. He worked until he died at seventy. He's in everything you've seen. You don't remember his name.
Walter « Spec » O'Donnell, acteur américain (° 9 avril 1911).
Walter « Spec » O'Donnell, acteur américain (° 9 avril 1911).
Claude Bruaire, philosophe français (° 1932).
Claude Bruaire, philosophe français (° 1932).
Barbara Kostrzewska, Sängerin und Musikpädagogin
Barbara Kostrzewska, Sängerin und Musikpädagogin
Rodolfo Halffter, compositor español–mexicano (n.
Rodolfo Halffter, compositor español–mexicano (n. 1900).
Robert Lennuier, physicien français (° 13 décembre 1914).
Robert Lennuier, physicien français (° 13 décembre 1914).
Emmy Loose, österreichische Opernsängerin
Emmy Loose, österreichische Opernsängerin
René Vietto, coureur cycliste français (° 17 février 1914).
René Vietto, coureur cycliste français (° 17 février 1914).
Henri Debluë, écrivain et auteur dramatique suisse (° 3 septembre 1924).
Henri Debluë, écrivain et auteur dramatique suisse (° 3 septembre 1924).
Dov Sadan (דב סדן), homme politique israélien (° 21 février 1902).
Dov Sadan (דב סדן), homme politique israélien (° 21 février 1902).
Michael Carmine
Michael Carmine played the lead in 'The Tombs,' a forgotten 1984 action film. He was in 'Kiss of the Spider Woman' the next year. He died of a drug overdose at 30. His IMDb page lists six credits. He's remembered mostly for dying young in an era when that happened often.
Hans Körnig, deutscher Graphiker und Maler
Hans Körnig, deutscher Graphiker und Maler
Lucy Doraine, ungarischer Stummfilmstar
Lucy Doraine, ungarischer Stummfilmstar
Robert Blot, französischer Geiger, Dirigent und Musikpädagoge
Robert Blot, französischer Geiger, Dirigent und Musikpädagoge
Martin Broszat, historien allemand (° 14 août 1926).
Martin Broszat, historien allemand (° 14 août 1926).
René Petit, footballeur français (° 8 octobre 1899).
René Petit, footballeur français (° 8 octobre 1899).
Daniel Guilet, französisch-amerikanischer Geiger und Musikpädagoge
Daniel Guilet, französisch-amerikanischer Geiger und Musikpädagoge
Armin Dassler, deutscher Unternehmer und Sportschuhfabrikant
Armin Dassler, deutscher Unternehmer und Sportschuhfabrikant
Leonard Bernstein
Leonard Bernstein smoked three packs of Camels a day for decades. He conducted with such physical intensity that he'd lose pounds during performances. A heart attack killed him at 72, five days after he announced his retirement. He left 73 recordings with the New York Philharmonic and West Side Story, which he wrote in six weeks.
John Newmark, musicien canadien (° 12 juin 1904).
John Newmark, musicien canadien (° 12 juin 1904).
Walter Maurice Elsasser, physicien allemand (° 20 mars 1904).
Walter Maurice Elsasser, physicien allemand (° 20 mars 1904).
Edmond Bertreux, peintre français (° 22 octobre 1911).
Edmond Bertreux, peintre français (° 22 octobre 1911).
Gianni Dova, italienischer Maler
Gianni Dova, italienischer Maler
José María Muñoz, periodista deportivo y relator argentino (n.
José María Muñoz, periodista deportivo y relator argentino (n. 1924).
Rigoberto Lozada, révolutionnaire colombien (° 1928).
Rigoberto Lozada, révolutionnaire colombien (° 1928).
Paolo Mantovani, chef d'entreprise italien (° 9 avril 1930).
Paolo Mantovani, chef d'entreprise italien (° 9 avril 1930).
François Guy Malary, homme politique haïtien (° 10 juin 1943).
François Guy Malary, homme politique haïtien (° 10 juin 1943).
Yves Gibeau, écrivain français (° 3 janvier 1916).
Yves Gibeau, écrivain français (° 3 janvier 1916).
Edith Pargeter, romancière anglaise (° 28 septembre 1913).
Edith Pargeter, romancière anglaise (° 28 septembre 1913).
Véronique Moest, actrice française (° 21 octobre 1964).
Véronique Moest, actrice française (° 21 octobre 1964).
Laura La Plante, actrice américaine (° 1er novembre 1904).
Laura La Plante, actrice américaine (° 1er novembre 1904).
Jean Grimaldi, producteur de spectacles canadien (° 7 octobre 1898).
Jean Grimaldi, producteur de spectacles canadien (° 7 octobre 1898).
Harold Robbins
Harold Robbins claimed he was an orphan who made millions on Wall Street before turning 20. All lies. He was born Francis Kane in Hell's Kitchen, worked as a grocery clerk, and invented his entire biography. His 23 novels sold 750 million copies anyway. The Carpetbaggers alone moved 6 million in its first week.
François-Charles, duc d'Harcourt (° 12 juillet 1902).
François-Charles, duc d'Harcourt (° 12 juillet 1902).
Jacqueline Delubac, actrice française, troisième épouse de Sacha Guitry (° 27 mai 1907).
Jacqueline Delubac, actrice française, troisième épouse de Sacha Guitry (° 27 mai 1907).
Hy Averback, director, productor y actor radiofónico, televisivo y cinematográfico estadounidense (n.
Hy Averback, director, productor y actor radiofónico, televisivo y cinematográfico estadounidense (n. 1920).
José Hernández Díaz, historiador de arte y político español (n.
José Hernández Díaz, historiador de arte y político español (n. 1906).
Adolf Althoff, deutscher Artist, Dompteur und Zirkusdirektor
Adolf Althoff, deutscher Artist, Dompteur und Zirkusdirektor
Cleveland Amory
Cleveland Amory wrote bestselling books about high society, then spent his fortune creating an animal sanctuary in Texas. He rescued 1,500 animals. He bought 3,300 acres. He wrote a book about his cat. The cat book sold better than the society books. He left everything to the animals.
Frankie Yankovic
Frankie Yankovic won the first-ever Grammy for Best Polka Recording in 1986 at age 71. He'd been called 'America's Polka King' for decades, playing accordion at Slovenian halls and state fairs. He made 200 albums. He proved you could build a career on a genre most people considered a joke.
Julius Nyerere
Julius Nyerere translated Shakespeare's Julius Caesar and The Merchant of Venice into Swahili while leading Tanzania for 24 years. He forced millions into collective villages in the name of African socialism, wrecking the economy. He stepped down voluntarily in 1985 — nearly unheard of for an African leader then. He left a unified nation and grinding poverty.
Manfred Wolter, deutscher Autor und Regisseur
Manfred Wolter, deutscher Autor und Regisseur
Rudolf Schenda, deutsch-schweizerischer Volkskundler und Erzählforscher
Rudolf Schenda, deutsch-schweizerischer Volkskundler und Erzählforscher
William T. Hurtz, réalisateur américain (° 7 avril 1919).
William T. Hurtz, réalisateur américain (° 7 avril 1919).
Tony Roper
Tony Roper died during a truck race at Texas Motor Speedway. Lap 53. His truck hit the wall. Basilar skull fracture. He was 35. NASCAR mandated head-and-neck restraints after that. Dale Earnhardt died the same way four months later. Then the rule became non-negotiable. Roper had won rookie of the year. Earnhardt was the greatest ever. Same injury killed them both.
Art Coulter
Art Coulter captained the Rangers to their 1940 Stanley Cup. They wouldn't win another for 54 years. He played defense like a bodyguard. Retired after the championship. Joined the Coast Guard during the war. Came back and coached junior hockey. Lived to 91. Saw the Rangers finally win again in 1994. Said he'd stopped believing it would happen.
Willam Christensen, danseur, chorégraphe et maître de ballet américain (° 27 août 1902).
Willam Christensen, danseur, chorégraphe et maître de ballet américain (° 27 août 1902).
Martial Taugourdeau, homme politique français (° 14 décembre 1926).
Martial Taugourdeau, homme politique français (° 14 décembre 1926).
Erika Mitterer, österreichische Schriftstellerin
Erika Mitterer, österreichische Schriftstellerin
Edgard Derouet, affichiste français (° 26 octobre 1910).
Edgard Derouet, affichiste français (° 26 octobre 1910).
David Kellogg Lewis, filósofo estadounidense (n.
David Kellogg Lewis, filósofo estadounidense (n. 1941).
Seymour Rexite, polnisch-US-amerikanischer Schauspieler und Sänger in jiddischer Sprache
Seymour Rexite, polnisch-US-amerikanischer Schauspieler und Sänger in jiddischer Sprache
Norbert Schultze
Norbert Schultze composed "Lili Marleen," the song German and Allied soldiers both sang during World War II. Rommel loved it. Eisenhower's troops sang it. It was the war's unofficial anthem. Schultze wrote it in 1938. He lived to ninety, hearing his song at every WWII memorial. He never wrote another hit.
Keizō Hino, japanischer Schriftsteller
Keizō Hino, japanischer Schriftsteller
Dolores Marimón Navarro, política anarquista española (n.
Dolores Marimón Navarro, política anarquista española (n. 1915).
Mohammed Basri, político marroquí (n.
Mohammed Basri, político marroquí (n. 1927).
Mokhtar Ould Daddah, mauretanischer Politiker
Mokhtar Ould Daddah, mauretanischer Politiker
Léon Schwartzenberg, médecin et homme politique français (° 2 décembre 1923).
Léon Schwartzenberg, médecin et homme politique français (° 2 décembre 1923).
Heinz Quermann, deutscher Fernsehunterhalter in der DDR
Heinz Quermann, deutscher Fernsehunterhalter in der DDR
Patrick Dalzel-Job
Patrick Dalzel-Job spoke seven languages, survived 30 Arctic convoys, and inspired Ian Fleming's James Bond after they worked together in Naval Intelligence. He refused the DSC medal because the citation described an operation he considered a failure. He spent his later years in the Scottish Highlands translating Norse sagas. Fleming took the competence and charm, left behind the integrity and modesty.
François Béranger, chanteur français (° 28 août 1937).
François Béranger, chanteur français (° 28 août 1937).
Javier Portales, actor y comediante argentino (n.
Javier Portales, actor y comediante argentino (n. 1937).
Gérard Mendel, psychiatre français (° 1930).
Gérard Mendel, psychiatre français (° 1930).
Ted Blakey
Ted Blakey spent 79 years crossing boundaries most Americans never noticed. He was a historian who documented Black business communities in the Jim Crow South, an activist who organized boycotts, and a businessman who proved his own case studies. He died in 2004, leaving archives that showed what thrived despite everything designed to destroy it.
Juan Francisco Fresno, arzobispo y cardenal chileno (n.
Juan Francisco Fresno, arzobispo y cardenal chileno (n. 1914).
Alberto Alén Pérez, violonchelista y musicólogo cubano (n.
Alberto Alén Pérez, violonchelista y musicólogo cubano (n. 1948).
Peter Adelaar, judoka neerlandés (n.
Peter Adelaar, judoka neerlandés (n. 1947).
Vlassis Bonatsos
Vlassis Bonatsos was Greece's biggest TV comedian for twenty years. He died of a heart attack at fifty-five while swimming. The entire country mourned. They replayed his shows for weeks. He made Greeks laugh through economic collapse and political chaos. They needed him. He was gone anyway.
Claude Marti, publicitaire et conseiller en communication politique français (° 10 novembre 1926).
Claude Marti, publicitaire et conseiller en communication politique français (° 10 novembre 1926).
Winifred Mary Curtis, botánica australiana (n.
Winifred Mary Curtis, botánica australiana (n. 1905)
Edmund Bacon, US-amerikanischer Architekt und Städtebauer
Edmund Bacon, US-amerikanischer Architekt und Städtebauer
Herbert Hufnagl, österreichischer Journalist und Kolumnist
Herbert Hufnagl, österreichischer Journalist und Kolumnist
Oleg Lundstrem (Олег Леонидович Лундстрем), musicien russe (° 2 avril 1916).
Oleg Lundstrem (Олег Леонидович Лундстрем), musicien russe (° 2 avril 1916).
Jody Dobrowski
Jody Dobrowski was beaten to death on Clapham Common by two men who targeted him for being gay. He was 24. The murder led to increased hate crime legislation in the UK. His killers got life sentences. His name became a law.
Klaas Runia
Klaas Runia edited a Dutch Christian newspaper for 20 years. He wrote theology books and taught at a seminary. He was a Calvinist who believed in predestination and divine sovereignty. He wrote 30 books. Almost none have been translated into English. He shaped Dutch Reformed theology for a generation. Outside the Netherlands, nobody's heard of him.
Chun Wei Cheung
Chun Wei Cheung rowed for the Netherlands at the 1996 Olympics. He finished 11th. He was a software engineer who rowed in his spare time. He died of a heart attack at 34 while playing tennis. He'd been retired from competitive rowing for six years. Athletes die young too. The training doesn't protect you forever.
Chun Wei Cheung, rameur néerlandais (° 15 avril 1972).
Chun Wei Cheung, rameur néerlandais (° 15 avril 1972).
Gerry Studds
Gerry Studds was censured by the House in 1983 for a relationship with a 17-year-old male page. He turned his back during the vote. Then Massachusetts re-elected him five more times. He served 12 years after the scandal, never apologizing. Voters decided what mattered.
Nancy Lynn
Nancy Lynn was piloting a Cirrus SR22 in 2006 when she reported smoke in the cockpit over Kentucky. She deployed the aircraft's built-in parachute system, designed to lower the entire plane safely. The parachute failed to fully deploy. She crashed and died. She was 50. The parachute system had saved 30 lives before her flight. It didn't save hers.
Maurice Grosse
Maurice Grosse investigated the Enfield Poltergeist case in 1977, recording furniture moving and children levitating in a North London council house. He'd turned to paranormal research after his daughter died in a motorcycle accident. He spent 30 years chasing proof of an afterlife. He never found certainty, just compelling recordings.
Freddy Fender
Freddy Fender served three years in Angola Prison for marijuana possession in 1960. He was deported to Mexico after release despite being born in Texas. He came back, changed his name from Baldemar Huerta, and recorded "Before the Next Teardrop Falls" in English and Spanish simultaneously. It hit number one on both country and pop charts in 1975.
Jared Anderson
Jared Anderson defined the crushing, technical precision of modern death metal through his work with Morbid Angel and Hate Eternal. His death at age 30 silenced a formidable bassist and vocalist who helped push the genre toward its most extreme, complex boundaries during the early 2000s.
Alfred Hans Zoller, deutscher Komponist, Jazzpianist, Kantor und Organist
Alfred Hans Zoller, deutscher Komponist, Jazzpianist, Kantor und Organist
Pranas Vaičekonis, litauischer Kirchenrechtler, Priester und Professor
Pranas Vaičekonis, litauischer Kirchenrechtler, Priester und Professor
Fritz Manasse, deutscher Jurist
Fritz Manasse, deutscher Jurist
Henry Ingberg, haut fonctionnaire belge (° 16 juillet 1945).
Henry Ingberg, haut fonctionnaire belge (° 16 juillet 1945).
Philippe Malaud, diplomate et homme politique français (° 2 octobre 1925).
Philippe Malaud, diplomate et homme politique français (° 2 octobre 1925).
Jeanlouis Cornuz, écrivain suisse (° 17 février 1922).
Jeanlouis Cornuz, écrivain suisse (° 17 février 1922).
Big Moe
Big Moe popularized chopped and screwed music in Houston. He slowed down beats until they sounded underwater. He was 350 pounds. He had a heart attack at thirty-three. His voice was so deep and slow it sounded like the music itself. He died the same way he rapped: too slow, too soon.
Big Moe, US-amerikanischer Rapper
Big Moe, US-amerikanischer Rapper
André Maréchal, físico francés (n.
André Maréchal, físico francés (n. 1916).
Raymond Pellegrin, actor francés (n.
Raymond Pellegrin, actor francés (n. 1925).
Frances Rich, actriz y escultora estadounidense (n.
Frances Rich, actriz y escultora estadounidense (n. 1910).
Sigrid Valdis, actriz estadounidense (n.
Sigrid Valdis, actriz estadounidense (n. 1935).
Raymond Pellegrin
Raymond Pellegrin appeared in over 100 French films, usually playing tough guys, criminals, and soldiers. He was in "The Wages of Fear," one of the greatest thrillers ever made. He worked steadily for 50 years. He never became a star. French cinema has room for character actors who work forever without fame. He was one of them.
Robert Furman
Robert Furman was a military intelligence officer who tracked Nazi atomic research during WWII, leading the Alsos Mission that seized uranium and scientists before the Soviets could. He helped ensure America's nuclear monopoly lasted just long enough. Then it didn't.
Kazys Petkevičius
Kazys Petkevičius played basketball for the Soviet Union and won a silver medal at the 1952 Olympics. He was Lithuanian, but Lithuania didn't exist as an independent country. He played for the USSR. After retiring, he coached for 40 years. He died at 82. Lithuania was independent again by then. He never got to play for his own country.
Barrington J. Bayley, escritor británico (n.
Barrington J. Bayley, escritor británico (n. 1937).
Florence Brunet, actrice française (° 1er avril 1959).
Florence Brunet, actrice française (° 1er avril 1959).
Pat Moss, piloto de rally inglesa (n.
Pat Moss, piloto de rally inglesa (n. 1934).
Richard Cooey
Richard Cooey was executed in Ohio in 2008 for murdering two women in 1986. He argued that he was too obese for lethal injection to work properly, claiming his weight would make it cruel and unusual punishment. He weighed 267 pounds. The courts rejected his appeal. The execution took 20 minutes, twice as long as usual. His lawyers had been right about the veins.
Terry Fox, US-amerikanischer Aktionskünstler, Maler und Bildhauer
Terry Fox, US-amerikanischer Aktionskünstler, Maler und Bildhauer
Bruce Wasserstein, financier américain (° 25 décembre 1947).
Bruce Wasserstein, financier américain (° 25 décembre 1947).
Simone Frost, deutsche Schauspielerin
Simone Frost, deutsche Schauspielerin
Francis Muguet, chercheur français (° 30 avril 1955).
Francis Muguet, chercheur français (° 30 avril 1955).
Lou Albano
Lou Albano managed wrestlers for 20 years, screaming at ringside with rubber bands in his beard. He claimed the rubber bands represented every tag team he'd managed to championship gold. He had 19 rubber bands. Then he appeared in Cyndi Lauper's "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" video as her father. MTV made him more famous than wrestling ever did.
Martyn Sanderson
Martyn Sanderson played Gríma Wormtongue in Lord of the Rings, but he was New Zealand's most prolific stage actor for 40 years before that. He performed Shakespeare, directed plays, founded theater companies. He died at 71, having appeared in over 100 productions. One film role made him globally recognizable. Fifty years on stage didn't.
Collin Wilcox
Collin Wilcox played Mayella Ewell in "To Kill a Mockingbird," the white woman who falsely accuses a Black man of rape. She was 29, playing 19. She acted for 40 more years, but every obituary led with Mayella. One role in one film defined her entire career. She spent four decades trying to escape it. She never did.
Orfila Bardesio, uruguayische Dichterin
Orfila Bardesio, uruguayische Dichterin
Hermann Scheer, homme politique allemand (° 29 avril 1944).
Hermann Scheer, homme politique allemand (° 29 avril 1944).
Simon MacCorkindale
Simon MacCorkindale starred in "Manimal," a show about a man who could transform into animals. It lasted eight episodes. He spent the rest of his career trying to be taken seriously. He moved to England, did theater, produced films. He died of cancer at 58. His obituaries all mentioned "Manimal." You can't escape your worst decision.
Constance Reid, US-amerikanische Autorin und Mathematikhistorikerin
Constance Reid, US-amerikanische Autorin und Mathematikhistorikerin
Thomas Fuchsberger, deutscher Musiker und Autor
Thomas Fuchsberger, deutscher Musiker und Autor
Benoit Mandelbrot
Benoit Mandelbrot discovered fractals—patterns that repeat at every scale, from coastlines to galaxies. He coined the term in 1975. Mathematicians dismissed his work as pictures, not proof. Then computers visualized his equations. Suddenly geometry had infinite detail. He was right.
Benno Artmann, deutscher Mathematiker
Benno Artmann, deutscher Mathematiker
Tadeusz Styczeń, polnischer Theologe
Tadeusz Styczeń, polnischer Theologe
Larry Siegfried, basketteur américain (° 22 mai 1939).
Larry Siegfried, basketteur américain (° 22 mai 1939).
Carla Del Poggio, actrice italienne, veuve du réalisateur Alberto Lattuada (° 2 décembre 1925).
Carla Del Poggio, actrice italienne, veuve du réalisateur Alberto Lattuada (° 2 décembre 1925).
Laura Pollán, femme politique cubaine (° 13 février 1948).
Laura Pollán, femme politique cubaine (° 13 février 1948).
Gunilla von Post, aristocrate suédoise (° 10 juillet 1932).
Gunilla von Post, aristocrate suédoise (° 10 juillet 1932).
Leon Cakoff, crítico de cinema sírio (n.
Leon Cakoff, crítico de cinema sírio (n. 1948).
Ashawna Hailey
Ashawna Hailey wrote code that made databases talk to each other, then used her money to fund scholarships for women in computer science. She died in 2011. The students she supported now outnumber the lines of code she wrote, which is exactly the exponential growth she would've wanted.
Jorge Martínez Busch, almirante chileno (n.
Jorge Martínez Busch, almirante chileno (n. 1936).
Reg Alcock
Reg Alcock served as a Canadian Cabinet minister and pushed for modernizing government technology. He championed digital record-keeping when most politicians still preferred paper. He died of a heart attack at 63 while still in office. His emails are archived. His paper trail is minimal. He would've appreciated the irony.
Michael Asher, US-amerikanischer Konzeptkünstler
Michael Asher, US-amerikanischer Konzeptkünstler
Kyle Bennett
Kyle Bennett won three BMX world championships and was training for the 2012 Olympics when he crashed during practice. He hit his head. He died three days later at 33. He'd spent his entire life on a bike. It killed him in a parking lot in Texas, not on a track, not in competition. Just practice.
Larry Sloan
Larry Sloan co-founded Price Stern Sloan, the publisher behind Mad Libs. He turned a car game into a franchise that's sold 110 million copies. He also published Serendipity books and Wee Sing albums. He built a company on things parents bought to keep kids quiet. That market never shrinks.
Kyle Bennett, cycliste de BMX américain (° 25 septembre 1979).
Kyle Bennett, cycliste de BMX américain (° 25 septembre 1979).
Arlen Specter
Arlen Specter switched parties after 29 years as a Republican senator, becoming a Democrat to survive a primary challenge. He lost anyway. His vote passed Obamacare. Party loyalty is currency until it isn't. He spent it when it mattered.
James R. Grover
James R. Grover Jr. served in Congress for 12 years representing Long Island. He was a Republican who supported civil rights and environmental protection. He lost his seat in 1974 during the post-Watergate Democratic wave. He was 55. He practiced law for 38 more years. The political career was a brief detour. The law practice was his life.
José Luis Ortiz Araya, periodista y narrador costarricense (n.
José Luis Ortiz Araya, periodista y narrador costarricense (n. 1930).
Marc Swayze
Marc Swayze drew the first Mary Marvel comic in 1942, co-creating one of the first female superheroes. He left comics after a few years, became a commercial artist, painted portraits. He died at 99, having outlived the Golden Age by 60 years. Mary Marvel is still being published. He'd stopped drawing her in 1945.
Gart Westerhout
Gart Westerhout mapped the Milky Way's spiral structure using radio telescopes, revealing our galaxy's shape from inside it. He directed the U.S. Naval Observatory, tracking stars for navigation. Astronomy and navigation: both about knowing where you are in the dark.
Dody Weston Thompson
Dody Weston Thompson was married to photographer Brett Weston and learned photography from Edward Weston, her father-in-law. She photographed for 70 years, mostly landscapes and still lifes. Her work was exhibited alongside the Westons, but she was always introduced as someone's wife or daughter-in-law. She outlived them both. Her photos hang in museums now, finally under her own name.
Max Fatchen
Max Fatchen wrote children's books and newspaper columns for 50 years, all from Adelaide. He never left Australia, never chased fame, just wrote about cricket and kids and everyday life. He died at 92, having published his last book at 88. His readers were local. His books are still in print.
John Clive
John Clive voiced John Lennon in Yellow Submarine, then spent 40 years as a character actor in British TV. He appeared in Doctor Who, wrote novels, narrated audiobooks. He died at 79, having worked steadily his entire life. One animated Beatles film gave him immortality. Everything else gave him a living.
Max Cahner
Max Cahner was born in Germany, raised in Catalonia, and spent his life promoting Catalan language and culture. He was a historian and politician who served in the Catalan government. He wrote books on Catalan literature and fought for Catalan independence. He died at 77. Catalonia still isn't independent. The fight outlasted him.
Kōichi Iijima
Kōichi Iijima wrote 114 books of poetry in his lifetime. He won the H-Prize, Japan's highest literary honor. He also wrote children's books and essays. He died at 83. Most of his work has never been translated into English. He's one of Japan's most celebrated poets, and you've probably never heard of him.
Frank Moore
Frank Moore painted with his mouth. Cerebral palsy left him unable to use his hands. He held brushes in his teeth, created massive canvases about disability and AIDS and desire. He died at 66, having spent 40 years redefining what a painter could be. His work hangs in museums. His technique is still considered impossible.
Bruno Metsu
Bruno Metsu coached Senegal to the quarterfinals of the 2002 World Cup, the greatest achievement in African football history. Senegal beat France in the opening game. France was the defending champion. Metsu became a hero in Senegal. He coached five more national teams but never replicated that success. He died of cancer at 59. One tournament defined everything.
Wally Bell
Wally Bell umpired in Major League Baseball for 21 years. He worked the 2006 World Series and the 2013 All-Star Game. He called balls and strikes for 3,000 games. He died of a heart attack at 48, four months after the All-Star Game. He collapsed at his home in Ohio. Umpires are invisible until they're gone.
Émile Boutin, historien français (° 1er novembre 1919).
Émile Boutin, historien français (° 1er novembre 1919).
Toni Catany (Antoni Catany y Jaume dit), photographe espagnol (° 15 août 1942).
Toni Catany (Antoni Catany y Jaume dit), photographe espagnol (° 15 août 1942).
Käty van der Mije-Nicolau
Käty van der Mije-Nicolau was born in Romania, moved to the Netherlands, and became a chess master. She competed in women's chess championships for 30 years. She never won a world title, never became a grandmaster. She taught chess to children and wrote books on chess tactics. She died at 73. Her students remember her. The chess world doesn't.
José Borello, futbolista argentino (n.
José Borello, futbolista argentino (n. 1929).
Bob Elliott
Bob Elliott served as mayor of Fredericton, New Brunswick, for 18 years. He was mayor longer than most people stay in one job. He focused on infrastructure: roads, water systems, sewage treatment. Boring stuff. Necessary stuff. He died at 86. The roads he paved are still there. Nobody remembers who paved them.
Isaiah "Ikey" Owens
Isaiah "Ikey" Owens defined the experimental sound of The Mars Volta, blending jazz-fusion sensibilities with aggressive progressive rock. His sudden death in Mexico while touring with Jack White silenced a restless, genre-defying talent who pushed keyboard synthesis into new, chaotic territories. He remains a primary influence for modern musicians seeking to bridge electronic textures and improvisational rock.
Miguel Ángel Marín, político español (n.
Miguel Ángel Marín, político español (n. 1939).
Marcello Argilli, italienischer Rechtsanwalt, Journalist, Schriftsteller, Kinderbuchautor und Comicautor
Marcello Argilli, italienischer Rechtsanwalt, Journalist, Schriftsteller, Kinderbuchautor und Comicautor
Encke
Encke was a racehorse born in America, trained in England, and died after five years of racing. Horses don't live long in the racing world. Encke won one Group 1 race and earned £380,000. Then he was retired to stud. He died of colic at age five before he could produce any offspring. His racing career outlasted his breeding career.
A. H. Halsey
A. H. Halsey spent 60 years studying British social mobility, documenting how class shaped opportunity. Born in 1923, he was a sociologist at Oxford who proved what everyone suspected — Britain's class system was alive and well. He died in 2014. He'd spent his career measuring inequality with data the elite couldn't dismiss. The numbers didn't lie. The system didn't change. Evidence and change are different things.
Leonard Liggio
Leonard Liggio taught libertarian history and theory for 50 years, arguing for free markets and against state power. He advised think tanks, published journals, mentored activists. Ideological movements need intellectuals who'll do the boring work: editing, organizing, teaching. He did it.
Elizabeth Peña
Elizabeth Peña played the mom in 'Lone Star,' the wife in 'La Bamba,' and the voice of Mirage in 'The Incredibles.' She worked for 40 years, 70 films, always the supporting role. She died at 55 of alcohol-related illness. You've seen her face a hundred times and might not remember her name. That's most acting careers.
Mathieu Kérékou
Mathieu Kérékou took power in Benin in a 1972 coup and declared the country Marxist-Leninist. He ruled for 19 years, then lost the 1991 election. He won again in 1996 and served two more terms. He was a devout Christian who'd converted while in power. He died at 82 from heart problems. He'd ruled Benin for 30 years total.
Marie Moscovici, französische Psychoanalytikerin, Holocaustüberlebende
Marie Moscovici, französische Psychoanalytikerin, Holocaustüberlebende
Josef Wolfsegger, österreichischer Politiker
Josef Wolfsegger, österreichischer Politiker
Radhakrishna Hariram Tahiliani
Radhakrishna Tahiliani became Chief of Naval Staff of India in 1984. He commanded the fleet during a period of modernization, bringing in new submarines and carriers. He was 85 when he died, decades after leaving the sea.
Nurlan Balgimbayev
Nurlan Balgimbayev ran Kazakhstan's oil industry before becoming Prime Minister in 1997. He lasted 14 months. The job crushed him between Moscow's old guard and Western oil companies fighting over Caspian reserves worth billions. He resigned, went back to energy consulting, and died at 67. Kazakhstan is now one of the world's top 15 oil producers.
Margaret Keyes
Margaret Keyes was 97 when she died, having spent seven decades studying textiles. She catalogued fabrics nobody else thought worth saving—quilts, coverlets, everyday cloth. Her archive preserved what people actually wore, not just what museums collected.
José Lello, homme politique portugais (° 18 mai 1944).
José Lello, homme politique portugais (° 18 mai 1944).
Orival Pessini, ator e humorista brasileiro (n.
Orival Pessini, ator e humorista brasileiro (n. 1944).
Song Yeong, écrivain sud-coréen (° 15 mars 1940).
Song Yeong, écrivain sud-coréen (° 15 mars 1940).
Duška Sifnios, danseuse yougoslave puis macédonienne (° 15 octobre 1933).
Duška Sifnios, danseuse yougoslave puis macédonienne (° 15 octobre 1933).
Thom Jones, écrivain américain (° 26 janvier 1945).
Thom Jones, écrivain américain (° 26 janvier 1945).
Pierre Étaix, acteur, clown, réalisateur et dramaturge français (° 23 novembre 1928).
Pierre Étaix, acteur, clown, réalisateur et dramaturge français (° 23 novembre 1928).
Kathryn Adams Doty, actrice américaine (° 15 juillet 1932).
Kathryn Adams Doty, actrice américaine (° 15 juillet 1932).
Helen Kelly
Helen Kelly led New Zealand's trade union movement for six years, fighting for worker safety until she was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer. She kept organizing from her hospital bed. She died at 52, still pushing for asbestos regulation.
Lazhar Bououni, juriste, professeur d'université, diplomate et homme politique tunisien (° 2 avril 1948).
Lazhar Bououni, juriste, professeur d'université, diplomate et homme politique tunisien (° 2 avril 1948).
Wolfgang Bötsch, homme politique allemand (° 8 septembre 1938).
Wolfgang Bötsch, homme politique allemand (° 8 septembre 1938).
Daniel Webb, joueur de baseball américain (° 18 août 1989).
Daniel Webb, joueur de baseball américain (° 18 août 1989).
Daniel Webb
Daniel Webb pitched in the majors for three seasons, posting a 4.95 ERA across 96 games. He was 28 when he died in an ATV accident in Kentucky. He'd been out of baseball for two years, trying to make it back to the minors. He never made it. The comeback ended in a field, not a stadium.
Richard Wilbur, poète américain (° 1er mars 1921).
Richard Wilbur, poète américain (° 1er mars 1921).
Yambo Ouologuem, écrivain malien (° 22 août 1940).
Yambo Ouologuem, écrivain malien (° 22 août 1940).
Roger de Lageneste, pilote de rallyes français (° 30 décembre 1929).
Roger de Lageneste, pilote de rallyes français (° 30 décembre 1929).
Mel Ramos, pintor estadounidense (n.
Mel Ramos, pintor estadounidense (n. 1935).
Wolfgang Krueger, deutscher Politiker
Wolfgang Krueger, deutscher Politiker
Enrique Baliño Pavón (90), baloncestista uruguayo (n.
Enrique Baliño Pavón (90), baloncestista uruguayo (n. 1928).
Eduardo Arroyo, pintor español (n.
Eduardo Arroyo, pintor español (n. 1937).
Patrick Baumann, dirigente de baloncesto suizo (n.
Patrick Baumann, dirigente de baloncesto suizo (n. 1967).
Milena Dravić (78), actriz y directora de cine serbia (n.
Milena Dravić (78), actriz y directora de cine serbia (n. 1940).
Javier Gnecco, actor y odontólogo colombiano (n.
Javier Gnecco, actor y odontólogo colombiano (n. 1938).
Anke Fuchs, deutsche Politikerin
Anke Fuchs, deutsche Politikerin
Danny Grant, kanadischer Eishockeyspieler und -trainer
Danny Grant, kanadischer Eishockeyspieler und -trainer
Sulli
Sulli left the K-pop group f(x) in 2015 after years of online harassment. She kept acting and posting unfiltered photos on social media—radical in an industry built on perfection. She spoke openly about mental health. She was found dead at 25. The industry hasn't changed.
Harold Bloom
Harold Bloom read everything. He claimed to have memorized Paradise Lost, could recite Hart Crane by heart, taught at Yale for 50 years. He championed the Western canon against multiculturalism, called it the best humanity had made. He wrote 40 books. Critics said he was elitist. He said he was right. His students kept reading what he assigned.
Ryszard Zaorski, acteur polonais de théâtre, de cinéma et de télévision.
Ryszard Zaorski, acteur polonais de théâtre, de cinéma et de télévision. (° 27 mars 1928).
Germán Bannen, arquitecto y urbanista chileno (n.
Germán Bannen, arquitecto y urbanista chileno (n. 1928).
Patricio Bisso, actor argentino (n.
Patricio Bisso, actor argentino (n. 1957).
Carlos Torres Manzo, político mexicano (n.
Carlos Torres Manzo, político mexicano (n. 1923).
Mike Brockman, US-amerikanischer Unternehmer und Automobilrennfahrer
Mike Brockman, US-amerikanischer Unternehmer und Automobilrennfahrer
William Keir Carr, militar y aviador canadiense (n.
William Keir Carr, militar y aviador canadiense (n. 1923).
Españeta, utillero de fútbol español (n.
Españeta, utillero de fútbol español (n. 1938).
Fred Dean, jugador de fútbol americano estadounidense (n.
Fred Dean, jugador de fútbol americano estadounidense (n. 1952).
Herbert Kretzmer, südafrikanischer Liedtexter
Herbert Kretzmer, südafrikanischer Liedtexter
Rhonda Fleming, actriz de cine y televisión estadounidense (n.
Rhonda Fleming, actriz de cine y televisión estadounidense (n. 1923).
Kuniwo Nakamura, político palauano, Presidente de Palaos entre 1993 y 2001 (n.
Kuniwo Nakamura, político palauano, Presidente de Palaos entre 1993 y 2001 (n. 1943).
Raúl Portal, periodista y conductor de radio y televisión argentino (n.
Raúl Portal, periodista y conductor de radio y televisión argentino (n. 1939).
Horacio Salas, escritor, poeta, ensayista e historiador argentino (n.
Horacio Salas, escritor, poeta, ensayista e historiador argentino (n. 1938).
Mahmoud Yassine, actor egipcio (n.
Mahmoud Yassine, actor egipcio (n. 1941).
سيف مرزوق الشملان، مؤرخ وإذاعي كويتي.
سيف مرزوق الشملان، مؤرخ وإذاعي كويتي.
خالد الصديق، مخرج سينمائي وكاتب سيناريو كويتي.
خالد الصديق، مخرج سينمائي وكاتب سيناريو كويتي.
Raymond Setlakwe, avocat, entrepreneur et homme politique canadien (° 3 juillet 1928).
Raymond Setlakwe, avocat, entrepreneur et homme politique canadien (° 3 juillet 1928).
Susagna Arasanz, femme politique andorrane, ministre des finances (° 1960).
Susagna Arasanz, femme politique andorrane, ministre des finances (° 1960).
Lee Wan-koo
Lee Wan-koo served as South Korea's Prime Minister for exactly 70 days before resigning over a corruption scandal. He'd been accused of taking bribes years earlier. The allegations resurfaced. He stepped down, was investigated, and died of a heart attack six years later at 71.
Mariana Nicolesco, soprano rumana (n.
Mariana Nicolesco, soprano rumana (n. 1948).
Alexandros Nikolaidis, deportista griego de taekwondo (n.
Alexandros Nikolaidis, deportista griego de taekwondo (n. 1979).
César Nombela, científico español (n.
César Nombela, científico español (n. 1946).
Raymond Argentin, französischer Kanute
Raymond Argentin, französischer Kanute
Yoshiki Hiki, japanischer Ruderer und Chirurg
Yoshiki Hiki, japanischer Ruderer und Chirurg
Ted White, actor estadounidense (n.
Ted White, actor estadounidense (n. 1926).
Kay Parker, actriz pornográfica y consejera espiritual británica (n.
Kay Parker, actriz pornográfica y consejera espiritual británica (n. 1944).
Lola Daviet, jeune fille assassinée (° 18 juillet 2010).
Lola Daviet, jeune fille assassinée (° 18 juillet 2010).
Robbie Coltrane
Robbie Coltrane was a bouncer, then an art student, then a comedian who took his stage name from a jazz saxophonist. He played Hagrid in eight Harry Potter films, filmed while fighting osteoarthritis so severe he needed a wheelchair between takes. He never told the producers how much pain he was in. The kids never knew.
Roberto Vencato, italienischer Regattasegler
Roberto Vencato, italienischer Regattasegler
Ralf Wolter, deutscher Schauspieler
Ralf Wolter, deutscher Schauspieler
Stanislav Kropilák, baloncestista eslovaco (n.
Stanislav Kropilák, baloncestista eslovaco (n. 1955).
Carlos Leresche, auteur-compositeur franco-suisse (° 28 octobre 1935).
Carlos Leresche, auteur-compositeur franco-suisse (° 28 octobre 1935).
Hédy Attouch, mathématicien fran��ais (° 16 février 1949).
Hédy Attouch, mathématicien fran��ais (° 16 février 1949).
Gastón Ugalde, artista plástico boliviano (n.
Gastón Ugalde, artista plástico boliviano (n. 1944).
Dariush Mehrjui, director, guionista, productor y montador cinematográfico iraní (n.
Dariush Mehrjui, director, guionista, productor y montador cinematográfico iraní (n. 1939).
Piper Laurie, actriz estadounidense (n.
Piper Laurie, actriz estadounidense (n. 1932).
Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller, historiador alemán (n.
Bernd-Ulrich Hergemöller, historiador alemán (n. 1950).
Carlos Defeo, actor argentino (n.
Carlos Defeo, actor argentino (n. 1965).
María Casal Wismer, médica, fisióloga, ginecóloga y profesora universitaria suiza (n.
María Casal Wismer, médica, fisióloga, ginecóloga y profesora universitaria suiza (n. 1929).
María Alejandra Bruzual, yoqueta venezolana (n.
María Alejandra Bruzual, yoqueta venezolana (n. 1980).
Andrew Bean, golfista estadounidense (n.
Andrew Bean, golfista estadounidense (n. 1953).
Rosetta Cutolo, mafieuse italienne (° 1er janvier 1937).
Rosetta Cutolo, mafieuse italienne (° 1er janvier 1937).
René Serge Larouche, homme politique canadien (° 27 février 1944).
René Serge Larouche, homme politique canadien (° 27 février 1944).
Guy Latraverse, producteur de télévision, promoteur de musique et homme d'affaires canadien (° 5 juillet 1939).
Guy Latraverse, producteur de télévision, promoteur de musique et homme d'affaires canadien (° 5 juillet 1939).
Gonzalo Gómez Sáenz-López, futbolista español (n.
Gonzalo Gómez Sáenz-López, futbolista español (n. 1990).
Stefan Jakobielski, historiador, arqueólogo, filólogo y epigrafista polaco (n.
Stefan Jakobielski, historiador, arqueólogo, filólogo y epigrafista polaco (n. 1937).
Jaime Cano, futbolista español (n.
Jaime Cano, futbolista español (n. 1946).
Rafik Ben Salah, écrivain tunisien et suisse (° 31 mars 1948).
Rafik Ben Salah, écrivain tunisien et suisse (° 31 mars 1948).
Philip Zimbardo
Philip Zimbardo randomly assigned college students to be prisoners or guards in a fake jail in 1971. The experiment was supposed to last two weeks. He stopped it after six days because the guards had become sadistic and the prisoners were breaking down. He spent 50 years defending and reanalyzing what happened in that Stanford basement.
Janet Nelson
Janet Nelson spent decades studying Charlemagne's court records, translating Latin charters that most historians skipped. She found women ruling estates, negotiating treaties, commanding armies. She died in 2024, having rewritten early medieval history by reading what was always there.
Tina Kaidanow
Tina Kaidanow served as U.S. Ambassador to Kosovo and held senior State Department posts for 30 years. She helped shape American policy in the Balkans after the Yugoslav Wars. She worked on some of the messiest diplomatic problems of the post-Cold War era. She died at 59.
Maxym Petrenko, deportista ucraniano (n.
Maxym Petrenko, deportista ucraniano (n. 1978).
Lorenzo Pepe, sindicalista y político argentino (n.
Lorenzo Pepe, sindicalista y político argentino (n. 1931).
Teresa Nowak, atleta olímpica polaca (n.
Teresa Nowak, atleta olímpica polaca (n. 1942).
Rieko Nakagawa, écrivaine et parolière japonaise (° 29 septembre 1935).
Rieko Nakagawa, écrivaine et parolière japonaise (° 29 septembre 1935).
Umberto Grano, pilote automobile italien (° 13 avril 1940).
Umberto Grano, pilote automobile italien (° 13 avril 1940).
Keizō Murase, costumier, cascadeur, sculpteur, modéliste et réalisateur de cinéma japonais (° 5 octobre 1933).
Keizō Murase, costumier, cascadeur, sculpteur, modéliste et réalisateur de cinéma japonais (° 5 octobre 1933).
Richard Conroy, homme d'affaires et politique irlandais (° 12 septembre 1933).
Richard Conroy, homme d'affaires et politique irlandais (° 12 septembre 1933).
Andrei Filotti, ingénieur hydroénergéticien roumain (° 27 octobre 1930).
Andrei Filotti, ingénieur hydroénergéticien roumain (° 27 octobre 1930).
Thomas J. Donohue
Thomas Donohue ran the U.S. Chamber of Commerce for 21 years, longer than anyone in its history. He turned it from a sleepy trade group into a lobbying force that spent over $1.6 billion influencing policy. He died in 2024. The organization he built still outspends every other lobbying group in America.
Barbara Owen, organiste américaine (° 25 janvier 1933).
Barbara Owen, organiste américaine (° 25 janvier 1933).
Roberta Alexander, artiste lyrique américaine (° 3 mars 1949).
Roberta Alexander, artiste lyrique américaine (° 3 mars 1949).
Chosen Few, producteur et disc jockey néerlandais (° 5 février 1972).
Chosen Few, producteur et disc jockey néerlandais (° 5 février 1972).
Drexel Gomez, ecclésiastique anglican bahaméen (° 24 janvier 1937).
Drexel Gomez, ecclésiastique anglican bahaméen (° 24 janvier 1937).
Daniel Hoeffel, homme politique français (° 23 janvier 1929).
Daniel Hoeffel, homme politique français (° 23 janvier 1929).
Penelope Milford, actrice américaine (° 23 mars 1948).
Penelope Milford, actrice américaine (° 23 mars 1948).
Nasser Taghvai, director de cine y guionista iraní (n.
Nasser Taghvai, director de cine y guionista iraní (n. 1941).
Aleksandr Ditiatin, gimnasta artístico ruso (n.
Aleksandr Ditiatin, gimnasta artístico ruso (n. 1957).
D'Angelo, cantante, compositor, músico y productor discográfico estadounidense (n.
D'Angelo, cantante, compositor, músico y productor discográfico estadounidense (n. 1974).
Sepp Schramm, deutscher Eishockeytorwart
Sepp Schramm, deutscher Eishockeytorwart
Nancy Chodorow, US-amerikanische Soziologin, Psychoanalytikerin und Feministin
Nancy Chodorow, US-amerikanische Soziologin, Psychoanalytikerin und Feministin
Luc Ayang, homme d'État camerounais (° 1947).
Luc Ayang, homme d'État camerounais (° 1947).