September 28

Deaths

408 deaths recorded on September 28 throughout history

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Ancient 1

48 BC

Pompey

He'd been Caesar's greatest rival, then his reluctant ally through marriage, then his enemy again — and when Pompey fled to Egypt after losing at Pharsalus, he expected asylum. Egypt's boy-king Ptolemy XIII had other ideas. Pompey was stabbed to death in a rowboat, fifty feet from shore, as his wife watched from the ship. He was 57. Caesar arrived days later, saw Pompey's severed head, and reportedly wept. Rome's last credible challenge to one-man rule died in a dinghy off Alexandria, betrayed by a child-king trying to impress the winner.

Antiquity 2

135

Rabbi Akiva

The Romans executed him by tearing his flesh with iron combs — and the story goes that he recited the Shema as they did it, drawing out the final word until he died. Rabbi Akiva had been an illiterate shepherd until age 40, when he taught himself to read by watching water wear through stone. He became the most cited sage in the Mishnah. He'd backed the Bar Kokhba revolt as the fulfillment of prophecy. He was wrong about that. He was right about almost everything else.

235

Saint Pontianus

He was pope for roughly three years before the Emperor Maximinus Thrax deported him to work the mines of Sardinia — hard labor reserved for criminals, slaves, and inconvenient clergymen. Pontianus resigned the papacy there, the first pope ever to do so, making it possible for a successor to be named without the Church falling into a leadership vacuum. He died in the mines from the conditions. His body was later returned to Rome. He left behind a precedent — that a pope could step down — that the Church wouldn't use again for 800 years.

Medieval 36

782

Leoba

She crossed the Channel alone around 748 at the personal invitation of Boniface, who'd written asking for her specifically — her scholarship, he said, was better than most monks he knew. Leoba ran the monastery at Tauberbischofsheim for roughly 30 years, trained other abbesses, and was trusted enough that Boniface asked to be buried beside her. When she died in 782, she left behind a community of women scholars in the German mission territories, doing intellectual work the men around them rarely acknowledged.

876

Louis the German

He'd spent his reign turning the eastern half of Charlemagne's fragmented empire into something stable — three wars against his brothers, constant pressure from Slavic forces on the frontier, and a kingdom held together by relentless personal campaigning. Louis the German died at Frankfurt at 72, which was a nearly impossible age for a Frankish king in the 9th century. He left behind three sons who promptly began fighting over everything he'd spent his life consolidating. He'd watched his own father's empire fall apart. His sons didn't learn anything from watching him.

876

Luis el Germánico, rey de Francia Oriental (n.

Luis el Germánico, rey de Francia Oriental (n. 804).

935

Wenceslaus I

Wenceslaus I of Bohemia — the Good King Wenceslas of the Christmas carol — was murdered by his own brother Boleslav in 935. He was 28. Boleslav invited him to a religious festival, then had him killed outside the church door. The motive was political: Wenceslaus had submitted to German overlordship and Christianized his realm aggressively, which made powerful enemies close to home. He was dead within months of the arrangement. The carol written about him 900 years later got the story considerably rosier than the reality.

980

Minamoto no Hiromasa

He was a great-grandson of Emperor Saga and chose music over politics, which in Heian Japan was a genuine fork in the road. Minamoto no Hiromasa became the court's most celebrated musician — biwa and flute — and the stories told about him after his death turned increasingly magical, because his playing was remembered as being that good. He died at 62. The legend that accumulated around him says more about what Heian aristocrats valued than most official histories do.

1057

Otto III., Graf an der unteren Altmühl (Kelsgau), Markgraf im Nordgau, Graf an der unteren Naab, Herzog von Schwaben

1068

Werner I., Abt von St. Blasien

1088

Hermann von Salm, deutscher Gegenkönig

1104

Pedro I de Aragão (n.

Pedro I de Aragão (n. 1068).

1104

Pedro I

He spent most of his reign besieging things — Huesca for almost his entire adult life, among others — and died outside the walls of Huesca just months before it finally fell to his brother. Pedro I of Aragon and Navarre was a king defined by patience and proximity to warfare, personally commanding campaigns that lasted years. He didn't live to see Huesca taken. His brother Alfonso got the victory. History hands those endings out at random.

1105

Simon, Herrscher von Sizilien

1168

Konrad II.

Konrad II. von Babenberg, Bischof von Passau und Erzbischof von Salzburg

1178

Evergis, Bischof von Paderborn

1193

Robert de Sablé, Großmeister des Templerordens

1197

Henry VI

He controlled an empire stretching from Germany to Sicily and spent most of his reign convincing various popes, princes, and Italian city-states that he should control even more. Henry VI had taken the Kingdom of Sicily by threatening to execute Richard the Lionheart — he'd captured the English king returning from crusade and ransomed him for 150,000 marks, roughly three times England's annual revenue. Richard was humiliated but alive. Henry died at 32 of dysentery in Messina, leaving behind an infant heir and an empire that immediately began fracturing.

1206

Ulrich I. von Wettin, deutscher Adliger

1213

Gertrude of Merania

She was Queen of Hungary and Duchess of Croatia, married to King Andrew II at 13, and murdered by Hungarian nobles who resented her influence over the court — specifically her habit of gifting royal lands to her German relatives. Gertrude of Merania was stabbed in 1213 while the king was away on campaign. She was around 28. The assassination triggered a purge, a political crisis, and Andrew II's eventual signing of the Golden Bull of 1222, Hungary's answer to Magna Carta. Her death rewrote Hungarian constitutional history.

1213

Gertrude of Merania

Gertrude of Merania was Queen of Hungary and deeply unpopular — seen as favoring German courtiers over Hungarian nobles in her husband King Andrew II's court. In September 1213, while Andrew was away on campaign, a group of Hungarian magnates ambushed and killed her. She was 28. The assassination set off years of political instability, and her daughter was later canonized as Saint Elizabeth of Hungary. The queen who was killed for her influence raised a saint.

1225

Nikolaus II., Herr von Gadebusch

1261

Konrad von Hochstaden, Erzbischof von Köln

1330

Elizabeth of Bohemia

She was the daughter of Rudolf I of Habsburg, married to Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, and spent most of her life being traded between dynasties like a diplomatic instrument. Elizabeth of Bohemia outlived two husbands and saw her son John of Bohemia grow into a king who'd die at Crécy fighting for France despite being blind. She died in 1330, her own story largely absorbed into the men around her. But John's chivalric stubbornness — riding into battle sightless — is the detail everyone remembers, and it started in her bloodline.

1349

Katharina von Habsburg, Herrin von Coucy, Gräfin von Hardegg und Burggräfin von Magdeburg

1354

François Prévôt, Bischof von Lausanne

1366

Gerhard II.

Gerhard II. von Schauenburg, Bischof von Minden

1373

Guillaume Sudre, prélat français (° inconnue).

1381

Taddea Visconti, Herzogin von Bayern

1396

Heinrich II.

Heinrich II. von Montfaucon, Herr von Orbe, Echallens, Oron, Palézieux und Montagny-le-Corbe

1403

Cymburgis of Masovia

She was described by contemporaries as unusually strong — physically, visibly strong — in an era when that wasn't a compliment for a duchess. Cymburgis of Masovia married Ernest of Austria in 1412 and produced twelve children, several of whom became rulers across Central Europe. Her grandson was Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I. She died at around 35, her body worn out by childbearing and a Habsburg dynasty she'd helped anchor. The empire remembered the men. She'd built the bloodline.

1429

Cymburgis of Masovia

Cymburgis of Masovia had unusually strong hands — strong enough that contemporary sources claimed she could bend horseshoes and crack cherry pits with her fingers. It sounds like myth, but the physical trait reportedly passed down: her grandson Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I was said to share her exceptional strength. She was Duchess of Austria, mother to a dynasty that would shape Central Europe for generations. She died at 35. The Habsburgs remembered her for centuries. So did anyone who tried to shake her hand.

1433

Olivier de Châtillon, Graf von Penthièvre, Vizegraf von Limoges, Herr von Avesnes, Landrecies etc.

1433

Přemysl I., Herzog von Troppau und Leobschütz

1487

Keckhans von Gemmingen, kurpfälzischer Adeliger und Heerführer

1500s 11

1501

Jean Cordier, niederländischer Sänger

1529

Adolf Clarenbach, deutscher protestantischer Reformator und Märtyrer

1538

Alfonso Manrique de Lara y Solís, inquisidor, bispo e cardeal espanhol (n.

Alfonso Manrique de Lara y Solís, inquisidor, bispo e cardeal espanhol (n. 1471).

1543

Georg von Kunheim der Ältere, preußischer Verwaltungsbeamter und politischer Berater von Herzog Albrecht von Preußen

1567

Hans Staininger, maire de Braunau am Inn, connu pour sa barbe (° 1508).

1574

Guidobaldo II.

Guidobaldo II. della Rovere, Herzog von Urbino

1582

George Buchanan

George Buchanan tutored the young Mary Queen of Scots in Latin — and then spent the rest of his life writing vicious attacks on her reputation. He became one of the most learned men in 16th-century Europe, capable of writing Latin verse that scholars still study, and he used that gift to produce a history of Scotland so hostile to Mary that it shaped how she was perceived for centuries. He also tutored the future James VI. James later called him the greatest teacher he ever had and the man he feared most.

1595

Johann Kerkring, Lübecker Ratsherr

1596

Margaret Stanley

She was the granddaughter of Mary Tudor, Henry VIII's younger sister, which made her inconveniently close to the English throne her entire life. Margaret Stanley spent decades as a person the crown watched nervously — her son Ferdinando was briefly considered a Catholic succession candidate. She outlived that son, outlived multiple investigations into her family's loyalties, and died in 1596 at 56 having never quite been arrested. What she left behind: a family that repeatedly terrified Elizabeth I without ever quite crossing the line.

1596

Margaret Clifford

Margaret Clifford was the granddaughter of Mary Tudor — Henry VIII's sister, not his daughter — which put her close enough to the English throne to make Elizabeth I nervous for most of her life. Born in 1540, she spent years under royal suspicion, her movements monitored, her household scrutinized. She dabbled in alchemy and astrology, which didn't help. She died in 1596 having never been formally charged with anything, which was itself a kind of achievement.

1597

Hendrick van den Broeck, flämischer Maler und Kupferstecher

1600s 20

1601

Aert Mytens, flämischer Maler

1607

Heinrich Maius, deutscher evangelischer Theologe

1608

Henri de Joyeuse, französischer Kapuziner, Heerführer und Marschall von Frankreich

1612

Ernst Soner, médecin, naturopathe et socinianiste allemand (° décembre 1572).

1613

Ernst, Markgraf von Brandenburg

1618

Joshua Sylvester

Joshua Sylvester spent years translating the French Protestant epic *La Sepmaine* by Guillaume de Saluste Du Bartas into English, a massive verse work about the creation of the world. The translation circulated widely and Milton almost certainly read it. Whether it influenced *Paradise Lost* is a question literary scholars still argue about with more passion than the evidence strictly supports. Sylvester died in 1618 on a voyage to Middelburg. He left behind a book that may have helped create a greater one.

1620

Sidonia von Borcke, pommersche Adelige, Opfer der Hexenverfolgungen

1623

Johann Georg, Fürst von Hohenzollern-Hechingen

1626

François de Bonne de Lesdiguières, chef protestant du Dauphiné, maréchal de France, dernier connétable de France et c…

François de Bonne de Lesdiguières, chef protestant du Dauphiné, maréchal de France, dernier connétable de France et chevalier de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit (° 1er avril 1543).

1652

Jan Asselijn, niederländischer Landschafts- und Historienmaler

1657

Emilia Secunda Antwerpiana von Oranien-Nassau, Pfalzgräfin von Zweibrücken-Landsberg

1663

Jakym Somko, Hetman der linksufrigen Ukraine

1670

Alexander Morus, französisch-schottischer evangelischer Geistlicher und Hochschullehrer

1673

Herman Fleming, schwedischer Politiker

1676

Anne-Marie Antigo, religieuse catalane (° 19 janvier 1602).

1678

Maurizio Cazzati, italienischer Komponist

1687

Francesco della Torre, italienischer Steinmetzmeister

1687

Francis Turretin

Francis Turretin wrote *Institutes of Elenctic Theology* in the 1670s — three volumes of Reformed scholastic theology so precisely argued that Princeton Seminary used them as the standard theological textbook for over 150 years after his death. Born in Geneva to an Italian Protestant exile family, he spent his life defending Calvinist orthodoxy against what he saw as dangerous softening from within. He died in 1687. His textbook outlasted the institution that trained him, the language he wrote in, and most of the arguments he was responding to.

1694

Gabriel Mouton

He spent his life as a parish priest in Lyon, never holding a university chair, never winning royal patronage. But Gabriel Mouton's 1670 proposal — a universal measurement system based on the length of one arc-minute of Earth's meridian — laid the exact conceptual groundwork the French Academy would later build into the metric system. A church vicar quietly drafting the blueprint for how the modern world measures everything.

1697

Christian Flor, deutscher Komponist und Organist

1700s 14

1702

Robert Spencer

He served both Charles II and James II, then smoothly switched allegiance to William of Orange — and managed to make each king think he was their most essential advisor. Robert Spencer, the 2nd Earl of Sunderland, was the consummate political survivor of Restoration England, converting to Catholicism under James II and back to Protestantism under William III without apparently breaking a sweat. His contemporaries despised and needed him simultaneously. He died in 1702 having outlasted nearly every rival. The man who served every king by never truly belonging to any of them.

1702

Robert Spencer, estadista británico (n.

Robert Spencer, estadista británico (n. 1640).

1704

Jacob Henning, deutscher evangelischer Theologe

1724

Joaquín de Churriguera, spanischer Bildhauer und Architekt

1725

Wolf Dietrich von Beichlingen, Großkanzler und Oberhofmarschall des Kurfürsten von Kursachsen

1742

Jean Baptiste Massillon

He preached at Louis XIV's funeral — and made the entire French court weep, including people who'd spent decades pretending not to feel anything. Jean Baptiste Massillon was famous enough that Voltaire memorized his sermons. Born in 1663, he rose to become Bishop of Clermont and one of the most celebrated orators of his era. He died in 1742, leaving behind 'Petit Carême,' a collection of Lenten sermons still studied in French literature courses today.

1747

Philipp Ludwig von Sinzendorf, Bischof von Raab und Fürstbischof von Breslau

1749

Christian von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Fürst von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen

1765

Giampietro Zanotti, italienischer Maler, Radierer, Dichter und Kunsthistoriker

1767

Friedrich Carl zu Stolberg-Gedern, Fürst von Gedern

1781

William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein

William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, served as British Secretary of State and ambassador to four different European courts — Spain, Turin, Paris, and The Hague. He was at the center of British diplomacy during the years leading to the American Revolution, handling negotiations in an era where one wrong letter could start a war. He died in 1781, leaving behind a career built entirely on being in the room where things were decided.

1789

Thomas Day, englischer Schriftsteller

1797

Gunning Bedford, US-amerikanischer Politiker

1797

Samuel Luther von Geret, deutscher Theologe, Jurist und Politiker

1800s 40

1805

Christoph Franz von Buseck

Christoph Franz von Buseck became Prince-Bishop of Bamberg in 1795 — one of the last, as it turned out. The secularization of German ecclesiastical territories under Napoleonic pressure abolished his position in 1802, ending nearly 800 years of the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg as an independent entity. Born in 1724, he spent three years as the ruler of an institution that had existed since 1007 and watched it dissolve on schedule. He died three years after losing the only job he'd ever held.

1806

August von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg, Prinz aus der Linie Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg

1807

Johann Friedrich August Kinderling, deutscher Philologe und Pfarrer

1810

John Archer, US-amerikanischer Politiker

1815

Nicolas Desmarest, französischer Geologe

1825

Barbara Krafft, österreichische Malerin

1829

Nikolay Raevsky

Nikolay Raevsky held the line at the Battle of Saltanovka in 1812 with a story so dramatic that Tolstoy put it in 'War and Peace' — reportedly leading his own sons into a charge to rally his troops. Historians still argue about whether it happened exactly that way. What's certain: he defended the Smolensk road long enough for Bagration's army to escape, and Napoleon later called him one of Russia's finest generals. He died in 1829. He left behind a moment that became myth before he was even buried.

1835

Benjamin Ames, US-amerikanischer Politiker

1838

Cay Wilhelm von Ahlefeldt, Propst des Damenstifts Kloster Preetz

1839

William Dunlap, US-amerikanischer Maler und Schriftsteller

1840

Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret, französischer Politiker und Schriftsteller

1841

Johann Georg von Dillis, deutscher Maler

1843

Reinhold Bernhard Jachmann, deutscher Theologe und Pädagoge

1844

Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy

He'd been one of Peter the Great's most trusted operatives — running spy networks, negotiating in Constantinople, surviving the kind of court intrigue that killed most of his contemporaries. Pyotr Tolstoy was sent to the Tower of the Peter and Paul Fortress at age 82 by Peter II, exiled to the Solovetsky Monastery on a frozen island in the White Sea. He died there two years later. A career built on outlasting everyone around him ended on an island in the Arctic. He left behind a surname his great-great-nephew would make immortal.

1844

George FitzRoy, 4.

George FitzRoy, 4. Duke of Grafton, britischer Politiker

1845

William James Müller, pintor británico (n.

William James Müller, pintor británico (n. 1812).

1847

Ferdinando Visconti militaire italien, géographe, cartographe et spécialiste de la géodésie sicilien (° 3 janvier 1772).

1849

John Ward, peintre britannique (° 28 décembre 1798).

1850

Johann Philipp Krebs, deutscher Altphilologe

1852

Jehu Jones, US-amerikanischer Pastor

1859

Philipp Spitta, deutscher Theologe und Dichter

1859

Carl Ritter

He never took a field trip. Carl Ritter spent decades mapping the entire physical world from his desk in Berlin, cross-referencing thousands of texts without ever conducting serious fieldwork. His 19-volume work on geography took 40 years and still wasn't finished when he died. But here's the strange part: he and Alexander von Humboldt, the era's great explorer-geographer, died the same year, 1859 — as if the two competing visions of how to understand Earth bowed out together.

1861

Amanz Kaspar Affolter, Schweizer Jurist und Politiker

1863

José Venancio López Requena, guatemaltekischer Politiker

1869

Guglielmo Libri, italienischer Mathematiker und Bücherdieb

1873

Émile Gaboriau

He invented the detective novel as a commercial genre, almost entirely. Before Conan Doyle, before Christie, Émile Gaboriau was writing serialized mystery fiction featuring Monsieur Lecoq — a detective who used physical evidence and psychological inference to solve crimes at a time when fiction barely imagined such a character. He died at 40, having written 11 novels in about a decade. Doyle read him carefully and admitted it. The genre that launched a thousand franchises started with a French journalist racing a deadline.

1875

Atanasio Cruz Aguirre, político uruguayo (n.

Atanasio Cruz Aguirre, político uruguayo (n. 1801).

1879

John Wise, US-amerikanischer Ballonfahrer

1882

Amunda Kolderup

She made her operatic debut at 19 in Christiania — now Oslo — and spent her career performing across Scandinavian stages in an era when a Norwegian soprano reaching international attention required extraordinary circumstances that rarely materialized. Amunda Kolderup sang for 36 years and died at 36, which collapses a lifetime of work into a span that barely registers. She left behind reviews in Norwegian newspapers that describe a voice her audiences clearly didn't expect. Nobody preserved recordings. Just the words of people who heard her.

1888

Carl Giesecke, deutscher Orgelbauer

1889

François-Antoine Bossuet, peintre belge (° 21 août 1798).

1890

Ludwig zu Bentheim und Steinfurt, Fürst zu Bentheim und Steinfurt

1891

Rudolph Garrigue, deutsch-amerikanischer Buchhändler und Versicherungsvorstand

1891

Ida zu Schaumburg-Lippe, deutsche Adelige

1891

Herman Melville

He died with $25 in his bank account, virtually unknown, the manuscript of 'Billy Budd' unfinished in a tin breadbox on his desk. Herman Melville had published 'Moby-Dick' in 1851 to dismal reviews and poor sales — 'So much trash,' wrote one critic — and spent his final decades as a customs inspector in New York Harbor, 19 years of it, checking cargo. The novel now considered one of the greatest in the English language earned him roughly $556 in royalties during his lifetime. The breadbox survived. So did Billy Budd.

1892

Konrad Adolf Hallenstein, deutscher Schauspieler

1893

Annie Feray Mutrie

She painted flowers with a botanical precision that made galleries take notice and botanists uncomfortable — too beautiful to be strictly scientific, too accurate to be dismissed as decoration. Annie Feray Mutrie exhibited at the Royal Academy for years alongside her sister Martha, and critics consistently noted both sisters in the same breath, which was either a compliment or a failure to see them separately. She left behind canvases that hang in collections across Britain, flowers still blooming in oil paint, 130 years past her last brushstroke.

1895

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur was a chemist, not a physician — a distinction his critics used against him repeatedly. He didn't have a medical degree, yet he overturned the prevailing theory that disease arose spontaneously from corrupted air or tissue. His germ theory required doctors to acknowledge that they themselves were spreading fatal infections on unwashed hands and unsterilized instruments. The medical establishment resisted. He created vaccines for chicken cholera, anthrax, and rabies anyway. In 1885, he saved a nine-year-old boy named Joseph Meister who had been mauled by a rabid dog. The boy lived. Pasteur hadn't tested the rabies vaccine on humans before. He had no choice.

1898

Tan Sitong, chinesischer Politiker und Reformer

1899

Giovanni Segantini

He hauled his paints to 9,000 feet to get the light right. Giovanni Segantini was obsessed with Alpine luminosity — the way snow holds color at altitude — and climbed to the Engadin mountains in Switzerland to finish his triptych 'Life, Nature, Death.' He didn't make it. He died on the mountain in September 1899, at 41, with the final panel unfinished. What he left behind were canvases so vibrant they still look lit from inside.

1900s 133

1901

Emil Goetze, deutscher Tenor

1902

John Marks Moore

He served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives from North Carolina, lost his re-election bid, returned to law, and died at 49 with a career that looked modest by any measure. John Marks Moore's entry in the congressional record is brief. But he was elected during Reconstruction's collapse, which means the context around that single term was anything but quiet. What he did or didn't do in that window is the actual story, and it's not well documented.

1902

Iosif Ivanovici, rumänischer Komponist

1903

Jesús de Monasterio, violinista y compositor español (n.

Jesús de Monasterio, violinista y compositor español (n. 1836).

1904

Lafcadio Hearn

He arrived in Japan in 1890 speaking no Japanese, married into a samurai family, took the name Koizumi Yakumo, and spent 14 years writing the ghost stories that introduced the West to Japanese folklore. Lafcadio Hearn had been half-blind since a schoolyard accident at 16, the damaged eye milky and enlarged — and he always posed in profile for photographs. His collection Kwaidan was published just months before he died, then adapted into an award-winning film 60 years later. He left Japan a literary mythology it hadn't known it was missing.

1906

Karl Emich zu Leiningen-Westerburg-Neuleiningen, deutscher Graf von Leiningen und Husarenoffizier

1907

Friedrich I., Großherzog von Baden

1909

Friedrich Colin, deutscher Kaufmann

1909

Luis Noval Ferrao, cabo del Tercer Regimiento de Infantería del Príncipe (n.

Luis Noval Ferrao, cabo del Tercer Regimiento de Infantería del Príncipe (n. 1887).

1914

Richard Sears, empresario estadounidense (n.

Richard Sears, empresario estadounidense (n. 1863).

1914

Richard Warren Sears

Richard Warren Sears transformed American retail by mastering the art of the mail-order catalog, bringing affordable goods to isolated rural families across the country. His death in 1914 ended the career of a man who standardized consumer choice, turning a small watch-selling venture into the world’s largest department store chain of his era.

1914

Conrad Wilhelm Kambli, Schweizer evangelischer Geistlicher

1914

Stevan Stojanović Mokranjac, serbischer Komponist und Musikpädagoge

1915

Saitou Hajime

He fought for the Shinsengumi, the shogunate's last enforcers, during Japan's most violent political transition — and then simply disappeared into the new order. Saitou Hajime took a new name, Goro Fujita, became a police officer under the Meiji government, and lived to 71. The men who'd been his enemies were now his employers. He apparently found this unremarkable. He left behind almost no personal writings.

1915

Saitō Hajime

Saitō Hajime fought for the Shinsengumi — the elite shogunate police force that became legendary during the chaos of the Bakumatsu period — and was one of the very few members to survive both the fall of the shogunate and the Meiji Restoration that replaced it. He switched sides, worked under the new government, and lived to 71 in an era that killed most of his contemporaries before forty. The last samurai of the Shinsengumi, dying quietly in 1915.

1918

Freddie Stowers

Freddie Stowers led his squad up Hill 188 in France after his sergeant was shot dead — and kept going even after two bullets hit him. He died on September 28, 1918, pushing his men toward the German trench line until he couldn't move anymore. His unit took the hill. The Army recommended him for the Medal of Honor. It took 73 years — and a civil rights investigation — for the medal to finally arrive, in 1991. He was the only Black soldier from WWI to receive it.

1918

Georg Simmel

He spent his career arguing that sociology needed to treat the everyday — fashion, meals, door handles, strangers on a train — with the same seriousness philosophers gave to God and the state. Georg Simmel wrote about flirting, about the sociology of the stranger, about how cities change human psychology, all while being blocked from a full professorship for most of his life because he was Jewish. He finally got a chair in Strasbourg in 1914. He died four years later as the war he'd watched building consumed everything around him.

1918

Eduard von Keyserling, deutscher Schriftsteller und Dramatiker des Impressionismus

1920

Yu Gwan-sun

She was 18 years old and they killed her anyway. Yu Gwan-sun had already spent months in Seodaemun Prison after leading the March 1st Independence Movement protests in 1919, where she marched through her hometown of Cheonan shouting for Korean freedom from Japanese rule. Tortured repeatedly, she refused every offer to stop resisting. She died in her cell on September 28, 1920, from the injuries. She was 17 by some accounts, 18 by others. Either way — a teenager who didn't flinch.

1921

Oskar Panizza, deutscher Arzt und Schriftsteller

1921

Ludwig Forrer, Schweizer Politiker

1922

William J. Seymour, US-amerikanischer Prediger

1922

Manuel Mondragón, militar mexicano (n.

Manuel Mondragón, militar mexicano (n. 1859).

1923

Ferdinand Hanusch, österreichischer Sozialreformer

1924

Elías David Curiel, escritor venezolano (n.

Elías David Curiel, escritor venezolano (n. 1871).

1925

Alejandro Velasco Astete, aviador peruano (n.

Alejandro Velasco Astete, aviador peruano (n. 1897).

1925

Paul Vermoyal

Paul Vermoyal spent 37 years making French audiences laugh, working the stage and early silent screen in an era when actors had to fill theaters without amplification or close-ups — just presence and timing. He died at 36, which means he'd been performing since his late teens. What he left: a body of silent film work in an industry that was about to learn to speak.

1927

Willem Einthoven, médico neerlandés, premio nobel de medicina en 1924 (n.

Willem Einthoven, médico neerlandés, premio nobel de medicina en 1924 (n. 1860).

1935

Italo Azzoni, italienischer Komponist, Pianist, Dirigent und Musikpädagoge

1935

Hans Baluschek, deutscher Maler, Graphiker und Schriftsteller

1935

W.K. Dickson

W.K. Dickson built the camera that shot the first films Thomas Edison ever showed anyone — and Edison took most of the credit. Born in Scotland in 1860, Dickson invented the Kinetoscope mechanism, essentially solving the problem of how to capture moving images on film. When he left Edison's lab in 1895, he helped build the Mutoscope, a direct competitor. He died in 1935 having invented cinema twice and received full credit for it almost never.

1935

William Kennedy Dickson

Thomas Edison got most of the credit, but it was William Kennedy Dickson who actually built the Kinetoscope — working in Edison's lab through the late 1880s, solving the mechanical problems Edison had sketched and handed off. Dickson also shot the first synchronized sound film in 1894, a test clip of himself playing violin. Edison later forced him out after discovering he'd been secretly helping a rival film company. Dickson went on to co-found the American Mutoscope Company. He built the machine that invented cinema, then got fired for it.

1936

Hans Affolter, Schweizer Jurist und Politiker

1937

Fridolin Suter, Schweizer römisch-katholischer Geistlicher

1938

Charles Duryea

Charles Duryea and his brother Frank built the first gasoline-powered car to run on American streets — 1893, Springfield, Massachusetts, one mile per hour on a good day. But Charles and Frank spent the rest of their lives arguing about who actually deserved the credit. The car worked. The partnership didn't. Charles died in 1938 having helped start an entire industry and spent decades in a sibling dispute that never fully resolved.

1938

Joseph H. Acklen, US-amerikanischer Politiker

1938

Edgar Atzler, deutscher Physiologe

1938

Con Conrad, US-amerikanischer Komponist und Musikproduzent

1939

Felicjan Szopski, polnischer Komponist, Musikpädagoge und -kritiker

1941

Marion Miley

She was the best female golfer in America and she was murdered in her own home. Marion Miley, ranked No. 1 in the U.S., was killed in a robbery at her family's Lexington, Kentucky golf club in September 1941 — shot alongside her mother by two men demanding cash. She was 27. The killers were caught within weeks and executed the following year. What she left: a career of 40+ tournament wins and a horrifying reminder of how fast everything stops.

1943

Filippo Illuminato

He was 13 years old when he joined the Italian partisan resistance against the Nazi occupation — thirteen, carrying messages and weapons through checkpoints while adults ran the organizational structure above him. Filippo Illuminato was killed in 1943, still 13 years old. Italy awarded him the Gold Medal of Military Valour posthumously, its highest military honor. The citation describes actions that most adults wouldn't attempt. He left behind a medal that his country still uses to teach children what resistance looked like from the inside.

1943

Sam Ruben

He co-discovered carbon-14 with Martin Kamen in 1940, which would eventually make radiocarbon dating possible — one of the most useful tools in all of science. Sam Ruben never got to see what it became. He died in 1943 at 29 after accidentally inhaling phosgene gas during wartime research at Berkeley. The work he was doing was classified. Kamen survived and spent years being investigated by the FBI on suspicion of disloyalty. Ruben left behind an isotope that can tell you how old almost anything is.

1943

Julius Ritter, deutscher SS-Offizier, verantwortlich für Zwangsarbeit im besetzten Frankreich

1944

Josef Bürckel, deutscher Politiker

1947

Jâleh Qâem-Maqâmi, poètesse iranienne de langue persane.

1947

Lucien Coëdel, acteur français (° 30 août 1899).

1947

Elsa von Gutmann, Fürstin von Liechtenstein

1948

Gregg Toland, US-amerikanischer Kameramann

1948

Emma Zimmer, deutsche Oberaufseherin im KZ Ravensbrück und KZ Auschwitz-Birkenau, Kriegsverbrecherin

1949

Archbishop Chrysanthus of Athens

He refused to recognize the Axis-backed puppet government during the Italian occupation of Greece in World War II, which took real courage for an Archbishop operating in a country under brutal military control. Chrysanthus of Athens was removed from his post by the occupiers in 1941 and replaced. He'd earlier served as Metropolitan of Trebizond during the catastrophic population exchanges of the 1920s. Born in 1881, he lived through the collapse of Ottoman Greece and the Nazi occupation of his country. He died in 1949, Greece still at war with itself.

1949

Nancy Dalberg, dänische Komponistin

1950

Abel Hermant, écrivain et académicien français (° 3 février 1862).

1950

Joë Bousquet, französischer Schriftsteller

1951

Carl Albert Andersen, norwegischer Leichtathlet und Turner

1953

Edwin Hubble

Before Hubble, most astronomers believed the Milky Way was the entire universe. In 1923, he photographed a variable star in what was then called the Andromeda Nebula, calculated its distance, and proved it was nearly a million light-years away — far outside our galaxy. The universe was unimaginably larger than anyone had imagined. Then, six years later, he showed it was expanding. Every galaxy was moving away from every other galaxy. The implication: everything had started from a single point. He called it 'the most sensational discovery of the twentieth century' with characteristic understatement. He died in 1953 without a Nobel Prize — the committee didn't consider astronomy a physical science.

1955

Erwin Popper, médico pediatra austríaco, uno de los tres descubridores del virus de la polio (f.

Erwin Popper, médico pediatra austríaco, uno de los tres descubridores del virus de la polio (f. 1879).

1956

William Boeing

William Boeing transformed aviation from a hobbyist pursuit into a global industrial powerhouse by founding the company that bears his name. His death in 1956 arrived just as his firm began dominating the commercial jet age, cementing his legacy as the architect of the modern aerospace manufacturing model that still defines international air travel today.

1957

Augusto Genina, cinéaste italien (° 28 janvier 1892).

1957

Luis Cluzeau Mortet

He composed more than 200 works in Uruguay before most of the world knew Uruguayan classical music existed as a category. Luis Cluzeau Mortet was a violinist who studied in Europe and brought back influences he filtered through South American rhythms and landscapes, creating pieces that didn't sound like imitations of anywhere else. His orchestral works were performed across Latin America during his lifetime and then quietly shelved for decades after his death. He left behind manuscripts that scholars are still cataloguing, seventy years later, in Montevideo.

1958

Jimmy Reece, US-amerikanischer Automobilrennfahrer

1958

Aarre Merikanto, finnischer Komponist

1958

Mezzi Andreossi, Schweizer Eishockeyspieler

1959

Frank Martin Church, US-amerikanischer Organist, Komponist und Musikpädagoge

1959

Rudolf Caracciola

Rudolf Caracciola raced through fog, rain, and flooded circuits that other drivers simply refused to start in — earning the nickname 'Regenmeister,' the Rain Master. Born in 1901, he won the European Drivers' Championship three times in the 1930s driving for Mercedes-Benz. A crash at Monaco in 1933 shattered his hip. He was back racing within a year. He died in 1959, leaving behind three titles and a reputation for driving in conditions that terrified everyone else.

1959

Trinidad Arroyo, oftalmóloga española, primera mujer doctorada en oftalmología en España (n.

Trinidad Arroyo, oftalmóloga española, primera mujer doctorada en oftalmología en España (n. 1872).

1962

Robert Pferdmenges, deutscher Bankier und Politiker

1962

Roger Nimier

Roger Nimier drove a Aston Martin into a highway barrier at high speed in September 1962, dying at thirty-six. Whether it was an accident nobody could quite determine. He'd been the most visible face of the Hussards literary movement — young French writers who rejected post-war existentialist gloom with a kind of defiant, aristocratic wit. He'd also worked as a reader at Gallimard, championing writers he believed in. He left behind two sharp, dark novels and the persistent question of whether someone that fast was always heading somewhere he couldn't stop.

1963

Wilhelm Engert, österreichischer Diplomat

1963

Laughing Charley Lincoln, US-amerikanischer Blues-Gitarrist und Sänger

1963

Arthur Lassally, deutscher Ingenieur und Industriefilmproduzent

1964

Harpo Marx

Harpo Marx never actually spoke on screen — but offstage, people who knew him said he was the warmest, most articulate man in any room. He played harp seriously, studied it as an adult self-taught musician, and performed for private audiences at a level that surprised classical musicians who expected a prop comedy act. He was friends with George Bernard Shaw, Alexander Woollcott, and half the Algonquin Round Table. He left behind a character so purely physical that silent film audiences who'd never seen a Marx Brothers picture understood him immediately.

1964

George Dyson, englischer Komponist

1965

Robert Dannemann, deutscher Politiker

1966

André Breton

André Breton wrote the Surrealist Manifesto in 1924 — a document declaring that reason had failed humanity and that dreams, chance, and the unconscious were where truth actually lived. He then ran Surrealism like a particularly unreasonable committee chairman, expelling members for disagreements that sometimes involved card games. He hated Dalí's commercialism, fell out with almost every artist he championed, and spent World War II in New York, miserable. He left behind a movement that infiltrated advertising, cinema, and contemporary art so completely that nobody noticed it was still happening.

1967

Cherry Navarro, cantante venezolano (n.

Cherry Navarro, cantante venezolano (n. 1944).

1968

Norman Brookes, australischer Tennisspieler

1968

Otto Schubert, deutscher Architekt und Hochschullehrer

1968

Margot Claussen, deutsche Malerin

1968

Dewey Phillips, disc-jockey estadounidense (n.

Dewey Phillips, disc-jockey estadounidense (n. 1926).

1970

Gamal Abdel Nasser

He'd spent the final weeks of his life negotiating a ceasefire between Palestinian fighters and Jordan's King Hussein — a brutal civil conflict that killed thousands. Gamal Abdel Nasser shook hands with Hussein, returned to Cairo, and died of a heart attack within hours, at 52. Six million Egyptians poured into the streets for his funeral, an unplanned, ungovernable wave of grief. He'd nationalized the Suez Canal, lost the Sinai, united and divided the Arab world — and worn a single military uniform for most of it.

1970

John Dos Passos

He started as a socialist, swung hard right in the 1930s, then landed somewhere more complicated than either. John Dos Passos invented a narrative collage technique in his U.S.A. Trilogy — splicing newsreels, biographies, stream of consciousness, and fictional stories — that influenced everyone from Doctorow to Don DeLillo. Hemingway called him the best American writer. Then Dos Passos's politics shifted and the literary world largely turned away. He kept writing. He left behind three novels that still feel technically 50 years ahead of when he wrote them.

1972

Paul Richter, deutscher Kunstmaler und Illustrator

1972

Rory Storm, músico britânico (n.

Rory Storm, músico britânico (n. 1938).

1972

Maurice Thiriet, compositeur français (° 2 mai 1906).

1972

Rory Storm

Rory Storm led the band that employed Ringo Starr before the Beatles did — and then watched Ringo leave, watched the Beatles become the Beatles, and kept playing Liverpool venues while the world rearranged itself around that fact. He died at home in 1972, the same night as his mother, in circumstances that were ruled accidental — sleeping pills and alcohol. He was thirty-three. He left behind no recordings of real consequence and one enormous historical footnote: he heard Ringo first.

1973

Fernand Raynaud, humoriste français (° 19 mai 1926).

1974

Marga Philip, deutsche Sozialpolitikerin und Frauenrechtlerin

1974

Florelle (Odette Rousseau dite), actrice française (° 9 août 1898).

1974

Juan Barragán Rodríguez, militar y político mexicano (n.

Juan Barragán Rodríguez, militar y político mexicano (n. 1890).

1975

Agnes Windeck, deutsche Bühnen-, Film- und Fernsehschauspielerin

1976

Raymond Collishaw, englischer Militärpilot und Befehlshaber

1978

Willibald Spang, deutscher General

1978

Ben d’Armagnac, niederländischer Performancekünstler

1978

Pope John Paul I

He was elected Pope on August 26, 1978, and was found dead 33 days later — still in his chair, reading papers, glasses on his face. Albino Luciani had refused the traditional papal coronation, choosing a simple inauguration instead. He was the first pope to use a double name. No autopsy was performed. The Vatican said it was a heart attack. He was 65. The questions about what happened on that night in September 1978 have never fully gone away.

1979

Franz Gruss, österreichischer Maler und Zeichner

1979

John Herbert Chapman

John Herbert Chapman convinced Canada to launch its own satellite — and then actually made it happen. Born in 1921, he was the driving force behind Alouette 1, launched in 1962, which made Canada only the third country in the world to put a satellite in orbit. He ran the Canadian space program through its most ambitious years, quietly expanding what a country of 20 million could do with physics and determination. He died in 1979. The satellite he launched outlasted him.

1979

Lothar Wolleh, deutscher Fotograf

1979

Catherine Hessling, actrice française, première épouse du cinéaste Jean Renoir (° 22 juin 1900).

1979

Jean-René Claudel, spéléologue français (° 10 avril 1898).

1981

Karl Artelt, deutscher Politiker

1981

Rómulo Betancourt

He survived a car bomb, an airplane sabotage attempt, and a coup — and died in a New York hospital of a stroke at 73. Rómulo Betancourt had been exiled three times and still came back to win Venezuela's first fully free presidential election in 1959. The bomb in 1960, backed by Trujillo's Dominican Republic, burned his hands badly. He finished his term anyway. He left behind a constitutional transfer of power — the first in Venezuela's history — which held for four decades.

1982

Mabel Albertson

She played flustered mothers and sharp-tongued matrons for decades, but Mabel Albertson's most memorable role might be Samantha's thoroughly mortal mother-in-law on Bewitched — the one perpetually suspicious that something was wrong with her son's wife. She was 65 when that show started. Eighty-one years of life, and she's best remembered for side-eyeing a witch.

1982

Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, iranischer Politiker

1983

Roy Sullivan, US-amerikanischer Forstbediensteter, Überlebender von sieben Blitzeinschlägen

1984

Cihad Baban

Cihad Baban founded and edited multiple Turkish newspapers across five decades, survived coups, press bans, and political upheaval that silenced many of his contemporaries permanently. He wrote columns that made governments uncomfortable and kept writing anyway. Born in 1911, he lived through the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the birth of the Republic, and everything that followed. He left behind hundreds of articles and several books — a running argument with power that outlasted most of the powerful.

1984

Hans Joachim Breustedt, deutscher Maler und Grafiker

1985

L. B. Abbott, US-amerikanischer Kameramann und Spezialeffektkünstler

1985

André Kertész, fot��grafo húngaro (n.

André Kertész, fot��grafo húngaro (n. 1894).

1986

Ewa Szelburg-Zarembina, polnische Schriftstellerin

1987

Mario von Galli, österreichischer katholischer Priester, Jesuit, Redakteur und Publizist

1988

Charles Addams

Charles Addams drew his macabre cartoons for 'The New Yorker' starting in 1938, and for decades readers assumed he was deeply strange. He collected crossbows. He owned a suit of armor. His car had a custom steering wheel shaped like a skeleton. But the family he sketched — the Addamses — came from a genuine warmth: they were, he said, 'the last family that actually enjoyed being together.' He died of a heart attack in his car outside his apartment. He left behind a family that became the template for American Gothic comedy.

1988

Charles Addams, historietista estadounidense (n.

Charles Addams, historietista estadounidense (n. 1912).

1988

Eva Lissa, deutsche Schauspielerin

1989

José Arribas, französischer Trainer

1989

Ferdinand Marcos

He fled the Philippines with 22 crates of cash and valuables, a disputed quantity of gold, and his wife's 3,000 pairs of shoes left behind. Ferdinand Marcos spent his Hawaiian exile issuing statements about returning to power and filing legal challenges while Philippine courts froze billions in overseas accounts. He died in Honolulu in 1989, never having faced trial. His body was kept in refrigeration for years while his family negotiated terms for bringing it home. He was finally buried in the Heroes' Cemetery in Manila in 2016.

1989

Elise Riesel, österreichisch-sowjetische Sprachwissenschaftlerin

1990

Larry O'Brien

Larry O'Brien ran John F. Kennedy's ground operation — the unglamorous door-knocking, vote-counting machine that actually won the 1960 election. He later became Postmaster General, then NBA Commissioner, steering the league through its merger with the ABA. The trophy handed to every NBA champion still carries his name. Not bad for a guy from Springfield, Massachusetts who started as a local political fixer.

1990

Bob Gibson, US-amerikanischer Folkmusiker

1991

Miles Davis

Miles Davis changed the sound of jazz at least five times over his career. Cool jazz in 1949. Hard bop in the mid-1950s. Modal jazz with Kind of Blue in 1959 — still the best-selling jazz album ever recorded. Electric jazz fusion with Bitches Brew in 1970. Then post-modern fusion in the 1980s. He played trumpet with a mute that became his signature sound. He wore sunglasses onstage and turned his back on audiences, which people took as arrogance and he took as focus. He died in 1991 from pneumonia, respiratory failure, and a stroke — but he'd been telling people jazz was dead since the 1980s. He was wrong about that.

1991

Eugène Bozza, compositeur et chef d'orchestre français (° 4 avril 1905)

1993

Fraser MacPherson

Fraser MacPherson played saxophone in Vancouver for five decades without ever really leaving — which in jazz, where ambition usually means New York or nothing, was its own kind of statement. Born in Winnipeg in 1928, he became the backbone of the Vancouver jazz scene, recording his most celebrated album 'I Didn't Know About You' in 1983. He died in 1993. The recording stayed. The city kept playing it.

1993

Peter De Vries

Peter De Vries wrote jokes for a living — first at The New Yorker for decades — while his daughter was dying of leukemia. The novel he wrote through that grief, 'The Blood of the Lamb,' is one of the most devastating books about faith and loss in American literature. He never stopped being funny. His novel 'Reuben, Reuben' became a film. But that one grief-soaked book, written in 1962, is what he left behind that matters most.

1993

Alexander A. Drabik

Alexander Drabik was the first Allied soldier to cross the Remagen Bridge on March 7, 1945 — sprinting across while it was still under German fire, grabbing a piece of history with his boots. Born in 1910, the Ohio sergeant became briefly famous, appeared in newspapers, got promoted on the spot. Eisenhower called the bridge crossing one of the war's luckiest breaks. Drabik died in 1993, the man who ran first when everyone else was still deciding.

1993

Alexander A. Drabik, American sergeant (born 1910)

1994

Harry Saltzman

Harry Saltzman co-owned the James Bond franchise — literally owned half of it — and sold his share in 1975 for around $20 million because he needed the cash. Born in Canada in 1915, he and Albert 'Cubby' Broccoli acquired the Ian Fleming rights together and produced 'Dr. No' through 'The Man with the Golden Gun.' He walked away. The franchise went on to gross billions. He died in 1994 having helped build something he couldn't afford to keep.

1994

José Francisco Ruiz Massieu

José Francisco Ruiz Massieu was shot in Mexico City in September 1994 — in broad daylight, getting out of a car. He was the secretary-general of the ruling PRI party and a former brother-in-law of President Carlos Salinas. The assassination investigation became a scandal unto itself, implicating his own brother in the cover-up. It was the second major political assassination in Mexico that year. Nobody was ever fully held accountable.

1994

K. A. Thangavelu

K. A. Thangavelu made Tamil cinema laugh for decades, but his timing was built in the theater long before the cameras found him. He worked across more than 200 films, playing comic roles that required more precision than the dramatic ones — comedy always does. He died in 1994, leaving behind a filmography that spanned Tamil cinema's entire classic era, and a physical comedy style that later comedians quietly studied and borrowed from.

1994

Urmas Alender

Estonian rock icon Urmas Alender perished in the sinking of the MS Estonia, silencing the voice that defined the nation’s underground resistance against Soviet occupation. As the frontman for Ruja, his defiant lyrics and haunting melodies provided a rallying cry for Estonian independence, transforming his music into a permanent symbol of the country's struggle for sovereignty.

1995

Lúcia Helena, radialista brasileira (n.

Lúcia Helena, radialista brasileira (n. 1916).

1996

Mennato Boffa, italienischer Automobilrennfahrer

1997

Maximilien Drion, belgischer Skibergsteiger und Trailläufer

1997

Mounir Bachir (منير بشير), musicien irakien (° 1930).

1999

Escott Reid

Escott Reid was in the room for the creation of NATO in 1949 — not as a figurehead, but as one of the Canadian diplomats who actually drafted the treaty language that bound the alliance together. He'd pushed hard for a social and economic dimension to the pact, which didn't survive the final negotiations but shaped the debate. He later ran the World Bank's India operations. He left behind a diplomatic career that touched the architecture of the post-war world at almost every significant joint.

2000s 151

2000

Trudeau Dies: Architect of Modern Canada

Pierre Trudeau died at 80, leaving behind a Canada fundamentally reshaped by his patriation of the Constitution and enshrinement of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. His combative defense of federalism during the Quebec sovereignty crisis and his creation of official bilingualism defined modern Canadian national identity for an entire generation.

2001

Irene von Meyendorff

Irene von Meyendorff was a German film star of the 1930s and 40s who navigated the UFA studio system — which meant working within the Nazi-era film industry, an uncomfortable fact her postwar career couldn't fully escape. She moved to England, rebuilt quietly. The biographical question of what it meant to be a working actor in that system doesn't have a clean answer. She left behind films that film historians watch with complicated eyes, and a postwar life spent largely outside the spotlight she'd once stood in.

2002

Hartland Molson

Hartland Molson steered the Montreal Canadiens to a Stanley Cup victory in 1930 before transitioning into a long career in the Canadian Senate. His death at age 95 closed a chapter on a rare life that bridged the worlds of professional hockey ownership and national legislative service, ensuring the Molson family’s deep integration into Canada’s cultural and political fabric.

2002

Patsy Mink

Patsy Mink wrote Title IX — the law that forced American schools to give women equal access to sports and education. She drafted it after Harvard Law School rejected her application because she was a woman. Born in Hawaii in 1927, she became the first woman of color elected to Congress. She died in 2002 while still in office, still voting. Congress renamed the law after her the same year. She never got to see it happen.

2002

Alicia Barrié, actriz argentina de origen chileno (n.

Alicia Barrié, actriz argentina de origen chileno (n. 1915).

2002

Werner Gutmann, Schweizer Prokurist, Schriftsteller und Hörspiel-Autor in Berndeutsch

2002

Maurice Novarina, architecte français, académicien ès beaux-arts (° 28 juin 1907).

2002

Philippe Jacquin, historien, ethnologue et anthropologue français (° 22 janvier 1942).

2003

Wilfrid Lemoine, journaliste et animateur de télévision canadien (° 18 juillet 1927).

2003

Olle Anderberg, schwedischer Ringer

2003

Hanns Adrian, deutscher Architekt und Stadtplaner

2003

Althea Gibson

Althea Gibson learned tennis on the streets of Harlem using a paddle and a traffic-free block — and 15 years later she won Wimbledon. Twice. Born in 1927 in South Carolina, she was the first Black player admitted to the U.S. National Championships, in 1950, after years of being excluded. She won 11 Grand Slam titles. She died in 2003 with $25 in her bank account. The greatest female tennis player of her era died nearly broke.

2003

Elia Kazan

Elia Kazan directed 'On the Waterfront' and 'A Streetcar Named Desire' — and named names to the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1952, identifying former colleagues as Communists. The industry never fully forgave him. Born in Istanbul in 1909, he came to America as a child and became one of Hollywood's most talented directors. When he received an honorary Oscar in 1999, half the room refused to applaud. He died in 2003 having made masterpieces that couldn't outrun that one decision.

2003

George Odlum

George Odlum was Saint Lucia's Foreign Minister and one of the Caribbean's most passionate advocates for regional sovereignty — a man who genuinely believed small islands deserved loud voices. Born in 1934, he was a poet and journalist before becoming a politician, which meant he could make an argument beautiful. He served as ambassador to the United Nations. He died in 2003, leaving behind a country that had heard him argue for its dignity at every level of international diplomacy.

2003

Yūkichi Chūganji (中願寺雄吉), un temps doyen (japonais) de l'humanité (° 23 mars 1889).

2004

Giulio Massarani, professor de engenharia química ítalo-brasileiro (n.

Giulio Massarani, professor de engenharia química ítalo-brasileiro (n. 1937).

2004

Geoffrey Beene

Geoffrey Beene turned down a medical degree to move to Paris and study fashion — which his Louisiana family took badly. Born in 1924, he became one of American fashion's most cerebral designers, dressing presidents' wives while insisting clothes should move with the body, not against it. He put sequins on football jersey shapes in 1967 and the fashion world gasped. He died in 2004 having never stopped making clothes that argued with everything else in the room.

2004

Scott Muni

Scott Muni was one of the original WNEW-FM DJs who helped invent album-oriented rock radio — the format where you actually played the whole song, even if it was nine minutes long. Born in 1930, he'd worked in radio since the 1950s and knew the Beatles personally, interviewing them on their first American visit. He died in 2004. What he left was a radio format that trusted listeners to sit still for the music.

2004

Liviu Comes, rumänischer Komponist

2004

Mulk Raj Anand, indischer Schriftsteller

2004

Christl Cranz, deutsche Skirennläuferin

2004

Wiktor Sergejewitsch Rosow, russischer Dramatiker

2005

Gladys de La Lastra, compositora y educadora panameña (n.

Gladys de La Lastra, compositora y educadora panameña (n. 1932).

2005

Leo Sternbach, US-amerikanischer Chemiker und Pharmazeut

2005

Pol Bury, peintre et sculpteur belge (° 26 avril 1922).

2005

Constance Baker Motley

Constance Baker Motley argued ten civil rights cases before the Supreme Court and won nine of them. Nine. Born in New Haven in 1921 to Nevis-born parents, she worked alongside Thurgood Marshall at the NAACP Legal Defense Fund and wrote the legal brief that desegregated the University of Mississippi. She later became the first Black woman appointed to the federal bench. She died in 2005 having spent 60 years in rooms where she wasn't supposed to be, winning.

2005

Guillermina Medrano Aranda, maestra y política española (n.

Guillermina Medrano Aranda, maestra y política española (n. 1912).

2006

Viktor Kalabis, tschechischer Komponist

2007

René Desmaison

He was left for dead on the Grand Pilier d'Angle in 1971 — 11 days stranded on a ledge at high altitude on Mont Blanc after his climbing partner died and a rescue failed to reach him. René Desmaison survived by hallucinating conversations with his dead partner and eating snow. He'd already climbed some of the hardest routes in the Alps. After the rescue he wrote a book about it. He kept climbing. Born in 1930, he died in 2007 still arguing about what alpinism was supposed to mean.

2007

Wally Parks

Wally Parks founded the NHRA in 1951 with $100 and a conviction that drag racing needed rules before someone died. Born in 1913, he'd been racing on California dry lakes before the war and understood that speed without structure was just carnage. He turned illegal street racing into a sanctioned sport with 80,000 members by the 1960s. He died in 2007 at 94. What he left was a rulebook — which sounds boring until you realize the rulebook saved thousands of lives.

2007

Adam Kozłowiecki, prélat polonais (° 1er avril 1911).

2007

Anton Schall, deutscher Orientalist

2008

Harry Pfeifer, deutscher Physiker

2009

Ghislain Bouchard, enseignant, homme de théâtre et scénariste québécois (° 1er juin 1932).

2009

Guillermo Endara

He was sworn in as Panama's president on a pool table in someone's house because the PDF had just arrested the actual inauguration venue. Guillermo Endara took the oath of office hours before the US invasion began in December 1989, with a cut on his head from a baton blow inflicted by Noriega's thugs earlier that day. He led a country that had just been invaded by its supposed liberator. He died in 2009 having never fully resolved what that contradiction meant.

2009

Ulf Larsson

Ulf Larsson was a Swedish actor and director who worked extensively in Swedish theater and television, the kind of career that means everything within its cultural context and almost nothing outside it. Swedish public television supported serious dramatic work in ways commercial systems don't, and Larsson operated in that space — doing work that was aesthetically ambitious because the infrastructure allowed it. Fifty-two when he died. He left behind productions that Swedish audiences remember with the specific affection reserved for things that were made carefully and not for export.

2009

Horst Feilzer, deutscher Fußballspieler

2010

Serge Bélair, animateur québécois de radio et de télévision (° 4 octobre 1940).

2010

Arthur Penn

Arthur Penn directed 'Bonnie and Clyde' in 1967 and the studio almost buried it. Warner Bros. gave it a limited release, reviews were split, and then audiences found it and something shifted in American cinema — the violence, the ambiguity, the refusal to punish transgression neatly. Penn had learned to direct in live television in the 1950s, which taught him speed and instinct. He died at eighty-eight. He left behind a film that every subsequent American director who wanted to break a rule had to reckon with first.

2010

Kurt Albert

He invented a system. Kurt Albert started marking routes he'd completed without using aid — a red dot at the base of the climb, scratched into the rock — and that dot became the symbol for what the sport now calls free climbing. He did this in Franconian Switzerland in the late 1970s, and it spread. The idea that the rock itself was the point, not just the summit, reshaped climbing culture globally. He died in 2010 after a fall at a crag he'd climbed hundreds of times. He was 56.

2010

Dolores Wilson

She sang Elsa in Wagner's Lohengrin at the Met in the 1950s, which puts her in rare company — the Met's vocal standards in that era were simply the highest in the world. Dolores Wilson trained in Chicago and broke through into major opera houses during the golden decade of American soprano voices. She later taught extensively. Born in 1928, she died in 2010. What she left behind: recordings from live broadcasts, a teaching lineage, and a voice that people who heard it didn't forget.

2010

Héctor Croxatto Rezzio, científico chileno (n.

Héctor Croxatto Rezzio, científico chileno (n. 1908).

2010

Romina Yan, actriz argentina (n.

Romina Yan, actriz argentina (n. 1974).

2010

Jim Wagstaff, US-amerikanischer American-Football-Spieler und -Trainer

2011

Pierre Dansereau, biologiste, écologue et enseignant québécois (° 5 octobre 1911).

2011

Fernando Bernabé Agüero Rocha, nicaraguanischer Politiker

2011

Maple Batalia, indisch-kanadische Schauspielerin

2011

Jaroslav Juhan, guatemaltekischer Automobilrennfahrer

2011

Denise Gence (Denise Louise Marie Martin dite), comédienne française (° 8 mars 1924).

2011

Pierre Lesieur, peintre français (° 21 mai 1922).

2012

Brajesh Mishra

He was India's first National Security Advisor — a role that didn't exist until 1998, when Vajpayee created it and handed it to Brajesh Mishra. Mishra had spent decades as a diplomat, most notably as ambassador to China during an especially frigid period in relations. But it was the nuclear tests at Pokhran in May 1998 — coordinated partly under his watch — that defined his tenure. He died in 2012 at 84, having helped architect a security apparatus that India's subsequent governments have kept largely intact.

2012

Chris Economaki

Chris Economaki was covering motorsport in America before most of the tracks he reported from were even paved. He started in the 1940s, worked through NASCAR's entire formative era, and was at the circuit for some of the sport's deadliest days as well as its greatest ones. He filed copy and spoke into cameras for over sixty years, watching the cars get faster and the safety get incrementally, painfully better. Racing's institutional memory, gone at 91.

2012

Larry Cunningham

Larry Cunningham had a country hit in Ireland with 'Lovely Leitrim' in 1965 that connected with the Irish diaspora so deeply it became something closer to a folk standard than a pop song — played at dances from Dublin to New York to Birmingham wherever Irish emigrants gathered and felt the distance. He sold out ballrooms for decades. The song outlasted the dances, the ballrooms, and eventually the singer himself.

2012

Avraham Adan

Avraham Adan — 'Bren' to everyone who served with him — commanded an armored division during the 1973 Yom Kippur War at a moment when Israeli forces were being pushed back across the Sinai in ways that seemed catastrophic. His division's crossing of the Suez Canal helped turn that war. He'd also fought in 1948 and 1967. Three wars, different scales, different stakes. He left behind a military memoir and the complicated inheritance of a career defined entirely by moments his country was in genuine danger of ceasing to exist.

2012

Pierre Dubois, sacerdote chileno (n.

Pierre Dubois, sacerdote chileno (n. 1931).

2012

Hermann Bogner, deutscher Agrarwissenschaftler

2012

Lateef Oladimeji Adegbite, nigerianischer Politiker

2012

Ahmed Ramzy

He started acting at 19 and became one of Egypt's most beloved screen faces across six decades — but Ahmed Ramzy's most recognized feature wasn't his talent. It was his gap-toothed smile, which directors initially told him to fix. He refused. That gap became his trademark, landing him roles in over 200 films. He left behind a career that outlasted every trend in Egyptian cinema, gap and all.

2012

Michael O'Hare

Michael O'Hare played Commander Sinclair in 'Babylon 5' for its first season, then left — and for years, the explanation given was vague and unsatisfying. After his death, series creator J. Michael Straczynski revealed that O'Hare had been experiencing severe paranoid delusions throughout filming, had confided this to Straczynski alone, and had asked that it be kept secret until he died. He kept showing up. Hit his marks. Delivered the performance. He left behind a secret that reframes every scene he's in, once you know it.

2013

Jean-Pierre Pierre-Bloch, homme politique et journaliste français (° 29 janvier 1939).

2013

Turgut Özakman, dramaturge et écrivain turc (° 1er septembre 1930).

2013

Igor Romichevski, hockeyeur sur glace soviétique puis russe (° 25 mars 1940).

2013

Walter Schmidinger

Walter Schmidinger was the kind of Austrian actor who made every secondary role feel like the one worth watching. He worked steadily across German-language theater and film for five decades, never quite the star but always the one critics mentioned. His stage work at the Burgtheater in Vienna became the spine of his career. He left behind dozens of performances where audiences remembered the character's name but had to look up the actor's.

2013

Sandro Mariátegui, abogado y político peruano (n.

Sandro Mariátegui, abogado y político peruano (n. 1921).

2013

Walter Schmidinger, österreichischer Schauspieler

2013

Anatoli Parov

Anatoli Parov played as a midfielder in the Soviet and Russian football systems across the 1970s and 1980s, part of a generation that competed under the rigid structures of Soviet sport — centralized clubs, state control, no free transfers, no Western leagues. The career paths available to players like Parov were narrow but deeply competitive. He died in 2013. He left behind a playing record embedded in the archives of a sports system that no longer exists.

2013

Jonathan Fellows-Smith

Jonathan Fellows-Smith did something almost nobody has: he represented South Africa in both cricket and rugby at the highest level. A genuine two-sport international, which is rare enough. But cricket remembered him for something stranger — a Test batting average so low it barely registered, despite genuine talent. He left behind the quiet distinction of having worn two sets of national colors, which most athletes spend entire careers chasing just one of.

2013

James Emanuel

James Emanuel grew up in Alliance, Nebraska, worked as a secretary to Langston Hughes, earned a PhD at Columbia, and still couldn't get a fair shake in American academia. So he moved to Paris at 60 and never came back. He pioneered serious scholarly study of Black American poetry while writing his own. He left behind the concept of 'jazz prosody' — his term, his coinage, his gift to literary criticism.

2013

B. B. Watson

B.B. Watson was a Detroit-rooted singer working in a tradition — gospel-inflected soul and R&B — that the city produced in extraordinary quantities and rarely fully rewarded. He recorded through the 1970s and 1980s in an industry that elevated a handful of artists and quietly discarded the rest. That the music existed at all, pressed and distributed and heard, is the thing. He died in 2013 at 60. He left behind recordings that document a sound Detroit made better than anywhere else.

2013

George Amon Webster

George Amon Webster sang baritone for the Cathedral Quartet for decades, and in Southern Gospel that's a specific kind of tenure — the quartets that last are ones where the blend is so locked in that replacing a voice breaks something irreplaceable. He was known for his humor as much as his voice, the kind of performer who could make an audience laugh and then stop them cold with the next phrase. He died in 2013. The Cathedral Quartet had already disbanded by then, but the recordings stayed exactly as he'd left them.

2014

Tim Rawlings

Tim Rawlings played and later managed in the lower reaches of English football, the unglamorous professional world where clubs run on tight budgets and community loyalty rather than television money. He was part of English football's backbone — the divisions that kept the sport alive in smaller towns while the top flight got all the attention. He died at 81, having spent a long life inside the game that most people walk past.

2014

Dannie Abse

He was a practicing physician in London for over 40 years — and a serious poet the entire time. Dannie Abse never thought those two lives contradicted each other; in fact his medical training sharpened his eye for the body's betrayals, which kept appearing in his verse. He wrote about Cardiff, about Jewishness, about grief with surgical precision. He left behind over a dozen poetry collections and the proof that a stethoscope and a pen fit in the same coat pocket.

2014

Petr Skoumal

He wrote music for Czech animated films for decades — small, precise, emotionally exact compositions that generations of Czech children absorbed without knowing his name. Petr Skoumal was also a concert pianist and a songwriter who collaborated with poet Jan Vodňanský on cabaret-style songs that became cult touchstones in Czech culture. He worked during the communist era, when art required navigating what could and couldn't be said directly. He left behind melodies that people hum without remembering where they first heard them.

2014

Gérard Farasse, poète et professeur de littérature français (° 30 juillet 1945).

2014

Sirkka Polkunen, fondeuse finlandaise (° 6 novembre 1927).

2014

Maria Lang, deutsche Filmemacherin, Autorin, Filmkuratorin, Feministin und queere Aktivistin

2014

Antonina Kontschakowa, sowjetische bzw.

Antonina Kontschakowa, sowjetische bzw. russische Schauspielerin und Synchronsprecherin

2014

Jakob Stämpfli, Schweizer Sänger und Hochschullehrer

2014

Sheila Faith

She was a dentist in Tynemouth before becoming a Conservative MP for Belper, which is not the most common political origin story. Sheila Faith served in Parliament from 1979 to 1983 — Thatcher's first term — as part of a new cohort of professional women entering the Commons when female MPs were still rare enough to be noteworthy. She died in 2014 at 85. What she left behind: a constituency record and the fact that she'd built a career twice, in two completely different fields.

2014

Joseph H. Alexander

He fought at the Battle of Tarawa as a Marine — one of the bloodiest 76 hours in American military history, where 1,000 Marines died taking a tiny atoll — and then spent decades writing about it. Joseph H. Alexander produced some of the most respected operational histories of the Pacific War, including a definitive account of Tarawa itself. Born in 1938, he came to the history after living part of it. What he left behind: the clearest record we have of what those battles actually cost.

2015

Catherine E. Coulson, actrice américaine (° 22 octobre 1943).

2015

Frank Martinus Arion, curaçaoischer Schriftsteller

2015

Ignacio Zoco

He spent his entire club career at Real Madrid — over a decade, from 1962 to 1974 — winning six La Liga titles and a European Cup in an era when Madrid was genuinely the best team on the planet. Ignacio Zoco played over 300 games for the club as a defensive midfielder, reliable and precise without ever becoming the name on the poster. Di Stéfano had already left. Zidane hadn't arrived yet. He was Madrid in the in-between years. Died 2015. He left behind six championship medals and the dignity of a career built on being good every single week.

2015

Walter Dale Miller

He didn't run for governor — he finished someone else's term. When Governor George Mickelson died in a 1993 plane crash, Walter Dale Miller, the lieutenant governor and a working cattle rancher from the town of Hayes, stepped in with no warning and no campaign. He served out the remaining year quietly, didn't seek a full term, and went back to ranching. South Dakota's 29th governor held the office for exactly 388 days.

2015

Alexander Faris

He conducted the Ulster Orchestra for years and composed music for theatre, television, and film across a long Irish and British career. Alexander Faris brought a particular lightness to his compositions — he had a gift for comic timing in music, for knowing when a melody needed to step back and let the moment breathe. He was born in Belfast in 1921. Died 2015. He left behind scores that audiences heard without always knowing his name, which is the particular fate of composers who work primarily for other people's stories.

2016

Çamsulvara Çamsulvarayev, lutteur azerbaïdjanais devenu djihadiste (° 6 septembre 1984).

2016

Agnes Nixon

Agnes Nixon didn't just write soap operas — she invented the idea that soap operas could address abortion, drug addiction, and racial integration while millions of people were watching in the afternoon. She created 'All My Children' and 'One Life to Live,' and she smuggled social issues into a format everyone assumed was only for melodrama. The FCC got letters. Viewers kept watching. She left behind the template that daytime television still uses.

2016

Gary Glasberg

Gary Glasberg created NCIS: New Orleans and spent years as showrunner on the original NCIS — one of the most-watched dramas in American television history, the kind of procedural that airs in 200 countries and somehow never stops running. He was 50, dead of a heart attack, still mid-production. He left behind a franchise that kept broadcasting without him, which might be the strangest kind of professional survival there is.

2016

Shimon Peres Dies: Israel's Tireless Peace Advocate

Peres served in every major role in Israeli government across seven decades — defense minister, finance minister, foreign minister, prime minister twice, president — and he never stopped believing in something most Israelis had stopped believing in. He was 70 when he accepted the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994 for the Oslo Accords he'd helped negotiate. He was 93 when he died, still arguing for a two-state solution that the parties on both sides had effectively abandoned. His critics said he was naive. His defenders said he understood something about the alternative. He'd built Israel's nuclear weapons program in the 1950s and then spent the next sixty years trying to make weapons unnecessary. Both were sincere.

2016

José Gomes da Rocha, agriculteur et homme politique brésilien (° 12 avril 1958).

2016

Werner Friese, footballeur est-allemand puis allemand (° 30 mars 1946).

2016

Seamus Dunne, footballeur international irlandais (° 13 avril 1930).

2016

Gloria Naylor

Gloria Naylor's first novel, The Women of Brewster Place, won the National Book Award in 1983 — she was 33, and had just finished her bachelor's degree at Brooklyn College. She wrote seven books total, including Mama Day, which intertwined African American folklore with Shakespeare's The Tempest in ways critics still argue about. She was 66. She left behind a shelf of fiction that insisted Black women's inner lives were as complicated, mythic, and worthy of literature as anything that came before.

2017

Andreas Schmidt, deutscher Schauspieler und Regisseur

2017

Benjamin Whitrow, britischer Schauspieler

2017

Daniel Pe'er

Daniel Pe'er was one of Israeli television's most recognized voices — a newsreader and host whose face anchored evening broadcasts for a generation of Israelis. He was 73. In a small country where everyone watches the same channels, a news anchor becomes something close to a national fixture, someone whose tone sets the emotional register for whatever just happened. He left behind decades of broadcasts and the specific kind of familiarity that only comes from being in someone's living room every night.

2017

Robert Ducret, homme politique suisse (° 10 janvier 1927).

2017

Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi, réalisateur espagnol (° 22 mars 1927).

2017

Marietta Marich, actrice américaine (° 5 avril 1930).

2017

Jürgen Roth, deutscher Publizist

2017

Erich Schneider-Wessling, deutscher Architekt

2018

Predrag Ejdus

Predrag Ejdus had a face the camera trusted immediately — weathered, specific, impossible to fake. He worked across Serbian theater and film for decades, but international audiences caught him in Michael Winterbottom's 'The Claim' and later in 'The Dark Knight Rises.' A small role in a massive film, but he carried it with the ease of someone who'd spent forty years earning that kind of stillness. He left behind a body of Serbian stage work that film credits alone can't measure.

2018

Francisco Mauro Salzano, brasilianischer Humangenetiker

2018

Josefa Tomsik, österreichische Politikerin

2018

Leonardo Machado, ator e modelo brasileiro (n.

Leonardo Machado, ator e modelo brasileiro (n. 1976).

2019

José José

His 1970 performance at the Festival OTI was so devastating — voice cracking, eyes wet — that the audience gave him a 10-minute standing ovation before voting him second place. The song was El Triste. He didn't win. Didn't matter. José José became the defining voice of Mexican romantic ballad for five decades, sold out stadiums across Latin America, and struggled with alcoholism so publicly that fans wept for him twice — once at concerts, once when he died in Miami in 2019. He left El Triste, which still stops rooms cold.

2019

Ismail Petra, malaysischer Sultan

2019

عبد العزيز الفغم، قائد عسكري سعودي.

2019

José Aldunate, sacerdote jesuita chileno (n.

José Aldunate, sacerdote jesuita chileno (n. 1917).

2019

Gaëlle Voiry, reine de beauté, mannequin et styliste française (° 11 juillet 1969).

2020

Jacqueline Diffring, deutsch-britische Bildhauerin

2020

Taku Sekine, chef cuisinier japonais.

2020

Douglas Brinham, kanadischer Basketballspieler

2021

Robert Gibanel, coureur cycliste français (° 6 juillet 1932).

2021

Barry Ryan, britischer Popsänger

2021

Paul Girod, homme politique français (° 27 juin 1931).

2021

Stephen Thega, kenianischer Boxer

2021

الأميرة مليكة بنت محمد الخامس، أميرة علوية من الأسرة المالكة في المغرب.

2021

Mária Róka, ungarische Kanutin

2022

Michel Ameller, haut fonctionnaire français (° 1er janvier 1926).

2022

Coolio

He learned to rap in Compton while working at a fish market to help support his family. Coolio spent years being rejected before 'Gangsta's Paradise' arrived in 1995, stayed at number one for three weeks, and won a Grammy he accepted in a tuxedo with his hair in those signature braids. He was genuinely funny — his cooking show 'Cookin' with Coolio' had a cult following. He died at 59. 'Gangsta's Paradise' has over two billion streams, which is a number he never got to see.

2022

Julio Osorio, panamaischer Basketballspieler

2022

Amar Singh Mangat, kenianischer Hockeyspieler

2022

أحمد الشيبة، عازف عود يمني.

2022

Masayoshi Takemura, homme politique japonais (° 26 août 1934).

2022

Jim Nisbet, poète et écrivain de roman policier américain (° 20 janvier 1947).

2022

Rüdiger Döhler, orthopédiste et chirurgien allemand (° 24 août 1948).

2022

Ahmed Hadjali, handballeur algérien (° 16 juin 1976).

2023

Messaoud Belloucif, footballeur algérien (° 30 novembre 1940).

2023

Ion Druță, écrivain moldave (° 3 septembre 1928).

2023

Mervyn Brown, britischer Diplomat

2023

Michael Gambon, acteur irlandais (° 19 octobre 1940).

2023

Hussein Houdrouge, sportif pluridisciplinaire sénégalais (° 26 juillet 1943).

2023

Ganira Pachayeva, femme politique azerbaïdjanaise (° 24 mars 1975).

2023

Louis Bernatchez, biologiste et professeur d'université canadien (° 2 mai 1960).

2023

Monkombu Swaminathan, agronome et généticien indien (° 7 août 1925).

2024

Delia Zamudio, syndicaliste péruvienne, militante des droits des femmes afro-péruviennes (° 20 juin 1943).

2024

Thupten Yeshi, prisonnier politique tibétain (° 1950).

2024

Jacques Teugels, footballeur belge (° 3 août 1946).

2024

Jadur Sonam Sangpo, homme politique tibétain (° 28 septembre 1939).

2024

Nabil Qaouk, homme politique et officier libanais (° 20 mai 1964).

2024

Alexandre do Nascimento, cardinal angolais (° 1er mars 1925).

2024

Françoise Malaprade, artiste peintre française (° 17 mai 1934).

2024

Serge Janquin, homme politique français (° 5 août 1943).

2024

Winfield Dunn

He was a Memphis dentist who'd never held office before he ran for governor of Tennessee in 1970 — and won, becoming the first Republican to take the governorship in 50 years. Winfield Dunn flipped a solidly Democratic state on his first attempt at elected office. He served one term, was barred by law from running again immediately, then won a second term 16 years later. He died in 2024 at 97, having started his career pulling teeth and ended it pulling off an upset nobody expected.

2024

Drake Hogestyn

He spent nearly four decades playing John Black on Days of Our Lives — a character who was, at various points, a spy, an assassin, a priest, and a Roman emperor. Drake Hogestyn was actually a professional baseball prospect before a wrist injury ended that career entirely. So he auditioned for daytime TV instead. The man who'd never acted professionally before 1983 became one of soap opera's most recognizable faces. He kept filming until weeks before his death from pancreatic cancer in 2024. The baseball player nobody remembers made the actor everyone knew.

2024

Kris Kristofferson

He held a Rhodes Scholarship, spoke fluent Spanish, and was a Golden Gloves boxer before he ever wrote a song. Kris Kristofferson gave up an Oxford education and a military officer's career to mop floors at Columbia Recording Studios in Nashville — just to be near the music. Janis Joplin recorded 'Me and Bobby McGee' from his songs. Johnny Cash took 'Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down' straight to TV. He left behind a songbook that kept finding new singers long after the charts moved on.

2025

Berta Loran, atriz e comediante polonesa-brasileira (n.

Berta Loran, atriz e comediante polonesa-brasileira (n. 1926).

2025

Roger Lukaku, footballeur belgeo-congolais (° 6 juin 1967).

2025

Terry Farrell, architecte britannique (° 12 mai 1938).

2025

Deaths

Pompey

Rabbi Akiva

Saint Pontianus

Leoba

Louis the German

Luis el Germánico, rey de Francia Oriental (n.

Wenceslaus I

Minamoto no Hiromasa

Otto III., Graf an der unteren Altmühl (Kelsgau), Markgraf im Nordgau, Graf an der unteren Naab, Herzog von Schwaben

Werner I., Abt von St. Blasien

Hermann von Salm, deutscher Gegenkönig

Pedro I de Aragão (n.

Pedro I

Simon, Herrscher von Sizilien

Konrad II.

Evergis, Bischof von Paderborn

Robert de Sablé, Großmeister des Templerordens

Henry VI

Ulrich I. von Wettin, deutscher Adliger

Gertrude of Merania

Gertrude of Merania

Nikolaus II., Herr von Gadebusch

Konrad von Hochstaden, Erzbischof von Köln

Elizabeth of Bohemia

Katharina von Habsburg, Herrin von Coucy, Gräfin von Hardegg und Burggräfin von Magdeburg

François Prévôt, Bischof von Lausanne

Gerhard II.

Guillaume Sudre, prélat français (° inconnue).

Taddea Visconti, Herzogin von Bayern

Heinrich II.

Albrecht II., Graf von Holstein

Johann II., Graf von Auvergne und Boulogne

Johann Sokol von Lamberg, mährischer Heerführer in der Schlacht bei Tannenberg

Zbynko Zajíc von Hasenburg, böhmischer Adliger und Erzbischof von Prag

Cymburgis of Masovia

Cymburgis of Masovia

Olivier de Châtillon, Graf von Penthièvre, Vizegraf von Limoges, Herr von Avesnes, Landrecies etc.

Přemysl I., Herzog von Troppau und Leobschütz

Keckhans von Gemmingen, kurpfälzischer Adeliger und Heerführer

Jean Cordier, niederländischer Sänger

Adolf Clarenbach, deutscher protestantischer Reformator und Märtyrer

Alfonso Manrique de Lara y Solís, inquisidor, bispo e cardeal espanhol (n.

Georg von Kunheim der Ältere, preußischer Verwaltungsbeamter und politischer Berater von Herzog Albrecht von Preußen

Hans Staininger, maire de Braunau am Inn, connu pour sa barbe (° 1508).

Guidobaldo II.

George Buchanan

Johann Kerkring, Lübecker Ratsherr

Margaret Stanley

Margaret Clifford

Hendrick van den Broeck, flämischer Maler und Kupferstecher

Aert Mytens, flämischer Maler

Heinrich Maius, deutscher evangelischer Theologe

Henri de Joyeuse, französischer Kapuziner, Heerführer und Marschall von Frankreich

Ernst Soner, médecin, naturopathe et socinianiste allemand (° décembre 1572).

Ernst, Markgraf von Brandenburg

Joshua Sylvester

Sidonia von Borcke, pommersche Adelige, Opfer der Hexenverfolgungen

Johann Georg, Fürst von Hohenzollern-Hechingen

François de Bonne de Lesdiguières, chef protestant du Dauphiné, maréchal de France, dernier connétable de France et c…

Jan Asselijn, niederländischer Landschafts- und Historienmaler

Emilia Secunda Antwerpiana von Oranien-Nassau, Pfalzgräfin von Zweibrücken-Landsberg

Jakym Somko, Hetman der linksufrigen Ukraine

Alexander Morus, französisch-schottischer evangelischer Geistlicher und Hochschullehrer

Herman Fleming, schwedischer Politiker

Anne-Marie Antigo, religieuse catalane (° 19 janvier 1602).

Maurizio Cazzati, italienischer Komponist

Francesco della Torre, italienischer Steinmetzmeister

Francis Turretin

Gabriel Mouton

Christian Flor, deutscher Komponist und Organist

Robert Spencer

Robert Spencer, estadista británico (n.

Jacob Henning, deutscher evangelischer Theologe

Joaquín de Churriguera, spanischer Bildhauer und Architekt

Wolf Dietrich von Beichlingen, Großkanzler und Oberhofmarschall des Kurfürsten von Kursachsen

Jean Baptiste Massillon

Philipp Ludwig von Sinzendorf, Bischof von Raab und Fürstbischof von Breslau

Christian von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Fürst von Schwarzburg-Sondershausen

Giampietro Zanotti, italienischer Maler, Radierer, Dichter und Kunsthistoriker