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Francis Crick

Historical Figure

Francis Crick

1916–2004

English physicist and biologist (1916–2004)

Early 20th Century

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Biography

Francis Harry Compton Crick was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He, James Watson, Rosalind Franklin, and Maurice Wilkins played crucial roles in deciphering the helical structure of the DNA molecule.

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In Their Own Words (5)

An honest man, armed with all the knowledge available to us now, could only state that in some sense, the origin of life appears at the moment to be almost a miracle, so many are the conditions which would have had to have been satisfied to get it going. But this should not be taken to imply that there are good reasons to believe that it could not have started on the earth by a perfectly reasonable sequence of fairly ordinary chemical reactions. The plain fact is that the time available was too long, the many microenvironments on the earth's surface too diverse, the various chemical possibilities too numerous and our own knowledge and imagination too feeble to allow us to be able to unravel exactly how it might or might not have happened such a long time ago, especially as we have no experimental evidence from that era to check our ideas against.

New York NY: Simon & Schuster, 1981, p. 88. , 1981

The ultimate aim of the modern movement in biology is in fact to explain all biology in terms of physics and chemistry.

Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1966, p. 10. , 1966

Big questions get big answers.

1987

And so to those of you who may be vitalists I would make this prophecy: what everyone believed yesterday, and you believe today, only cranks will believe tomorrow.

1966

If for example I had some idea, which as it turned out would be quite wrong, was going off of the tangent, Watson would tell me in no uncertain terms this was nonsense, and vice-versa. If he would have some idea I didn't like, and I would say so, this would shake his thinking about, and draw him back again. And in fact it is one of the requirements for collaborations of this sort, is you must be perfectly candid, one might almost say rude, to the person you're working with. It's useless working with somebody who is either much too junior than yourself or much too senior because then politeness creeps in. And this is the end of all real collaboration in science (giggles).

1962

Timeline

The story of Francis Crick, told in moments.

1940 Life

Working on a physics PhD at University College London when a German bomb destroys his laboratory equipment. He spends the war designing mines for the Admiralty. After the war he's 30 with no PhD and wonders what to do with his life. He settles on two problems: the secret of life and the mystery of consciousness.

1953 Event

Publishes a two-page paper in Nature with James Watson describing the double helix structure of DNA. The key insight comes from X-ray diffraction images taken by Rosalind Franklin. Crick reportedly walks into the Eagle pub in Cambridge and announces they've "found the secret of life." He is 36.

1962 Event

Wins the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Watson and Maurice Wilkins. Franklin died of ovarian cancer in 1958 at age 37, possibly from radiation exposure during her X-ray crystallography work. The Nobel is not awarded posthumously.

2004 Death

Dies of colon cancer in La Jolla, California, at 88. He spent his last decades at the Salk Institute working on consciousness. He was editing a manuscript on his deathbed. "A scientist until the bitter end," his colleague said.

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