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Menachem Begin

Historical Figure

Menachem Begin

1913–1992

Prime Minister of Israel from 1977 to 1983

Early 20th Century

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Biography

Menachem Begin was an Israeli politician who founded Herut and Likud and served as prime minister of Israel from 1977 to 1983.

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In Their Own Words (5)

In June 1967, we again had a choice. The Egyptian Army concentrations in the Sinai approaches do not prove that Nasser was really about to attack us. We must be honest with ourselves. We decided to attack him. This was a war of self-defence in the noblest sense of the term. The government of national unity then established decided unanimously: We will take the initiative and attack the enemy, drive him back, and thus assure the security of Israel and the future of the nation.

(21 August 1982) , 1967

Mr. President, I wish to tell you something personal - not about me, but about my generation. What you have just heard about the Jewish people's inherent rights to the Land of Israel may seem academic to you, theoretical, even moot. But not to my generation. To my generation of Jews these eternal bonds are indisputable and incontrovertible truths, as old as recorded time. They touch upon the very core of our national being. Ours is an almost biblical generation of suffering and courage. Ours is the generation of Destruction and Redemption. Ours is the generation that rose up from the bottomless pit of Hell. We were a helpless people, Mr. President. We were bled white, not once, not twice, but century after century, over and over again. We lost a third of our people in one generation - mine. One-and-a-half million of them were children - ours. No one came to our rescue. We were tertiated, Mr. President. ... Tertiated, not decimated. The origin of the word 'decimation' is one in 10. When a Roman legion was found guilty of insubordination one in 10 was put to the sword. In our case it was one in three - tertiated! ... Sir, I take an oath before you in the name of the Jewish people - this will never ever happen again.

Amb. Yehuda Avner's account of a meeting with U.S. President Jimmy Carter (July 1977) , 1977

Israel is still the only country in the world against which there is a written document to the effect that it must disappear.

Address in Washington D.C. (22 March 1978) , 1978

The Partition of Palestine is illegal. It will never be recognized .... Jerusalem was and will for ever be our capital. Eretz Israel will be restored to the people of Israel. All of it. And for Ever.

Iron Wall, p. 25 & Simha Flapan, p. 32

Israel will not transfer Judea, Samaria, and the Gaza District to any foreign sovereign authority, [because] of the historic right of our nation to this land, [and] the needs of our national security, which demand a capability to defend our State and the lives of our citizens."

Iron Wall, p. 356

Timeline

The story of Menachem Begin, told in moments.

1943 Event

Takes command of the Irgun, a Jewish paramilitary organization in British-ruled Palestine. He orders the bombing of the King David Hotel in 1946, killing 91 people. The British put a bounty on his head. He hides in plain sight, disguised as a rabbi.

1977 Event

Elected Prime Minister of Israel. Likud wins for the first time. He's been in opposition for 29 years. The Ashkenazi establishment is stunned. Mizrahi voters, long ignored by Labor, put him in office.

1978 Event

Signs the Camp David Accords with Anwar Sadat, brokered by Jimmy Carter. Israel returns the Sinai to Egypt. The man who led the Irgun makes peace with Israel's largest enemy. He and Sadat share the Nobel Peace Prize.

1992 Death

Dies in Tel Aviv at 78. He'd resigned in 1983, depressed after the Lebanon War's mounting casualties. Spent his last years as a recluse, rarely leaving his apartment. A fighter who couldn't bear the cost of fighting.

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